bac_vir_imm_study_guide_
... What defenses do our bodies have against diseases? Compare and contrast, then give examples of each: active vs. passive immunity; specific vs. nonspecific immunity; antibody/humoral vs. cell-mediate immune reaction/response. List three main organs/parts of the immune system and their functions. Wher ...
... What defenses do our bodies have against diseases? Compare and contrast, then give examples of each: active vs. passive immunity; specific vs. nonspecific immunity; antibody/humoral vs. cell-mediate immune reaction/response. List three main organs/parts of the immune system and their functions. Wher ...
Jeannie Taylor Microbiology Due: 11/15/2013 Assignment #7
... baby is being born and has to travel down the birth canal, bacteria and fungi begin their colonization. It is unknown how the immune system adapts so quickly to the change in environments. A pediatrician at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital named Sing Sing Way went out to find the answer to that questi ...
... baby is being born and has to travel down the birth canal, bacteria and fungi begin their colonization. It is unknown how the immune system adapts so quickly to the change in environments. A pediatrician at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital named Sing Sing Way went out to find the answer to that questi ...
Porgador COBRE seminar 082813 (PDF)
... The matter of the pathogen- and tumor-associated ligands recognized by the NCRs has been a subject of intense research ever since their identification more than a decade ago. Expression patterns recognized by NCRs include pathogen-derived, pathogen-induced and tumor-associated cellular "self" ligand ...
... The matter of the pathogen- and tumor-associated ligands recognized by the NCRs has been a subject of intense research ever since their identification more than a decade ago. Expression patterns recognized by NCRs include pathogen-derived, pathogen-induced and tumor-associated cellular "self" ligand ...
Antigen-presenting cells
... investigations of the characteristics and consequences of the antigenantibody reactions. 1. If the antigen is soluble, the reaction with specific antibody under appropriate conditions results in precipitation of large antigen-antibody aggregates. 2. If the antigen is expressed on a cell membrane, th ...
... investigations of the characteristics and consequences of the antigenantibody reactions. 1. If the antigen is soluble, the reaction with specific antibody under appropriate conditions results in precipitation of large antigen-antibody aggregates. 2. If the antigen is expressed on a cell membrane, th ...
Innate Immunity
... C3b is the central molecule – sets off complement-mediated killing ….. so how is this prevented from running amok in the uninfected state? ...
... C3b is the central molecule – sets off complement-mediated killing ….. so how is this prevented from running amok in the uninfected state? ...
Immune Defense
... Activated lymphocytes undergo cell division Some T cells assist in activating other lymphocytes. Some T cells kill infected host cells. Specialized B cells secrete soluble receptor proteins that attack foreign molecules. ...
... Activated lymphocytes undergo cell division Some T cells assist in activating other lymphocytes. Some T cells kill infected host cells. Specialized B cells secrete soluble receptor proteins that attack foreign molecules. ...
Immunology (B)
... C. activates complement by the classical pathway D. crosses the placenta 7. Immunoglobulin light chains A. are joined to heavy chains by peptide bonds B. can be present as both k and l chains as part of a single Ig molecule C. are not found in every major immunoglobulin class D. all have the same am ...
... C. activates complement by the classical pathway D. crosses the placenta 7. Immunoglobulin light chains A. are joined to heavy chains by peptide bonds B. can be present as both k and l chains as part of a single Ig molecule C. are not found in every major immunoglobulin class D. all have the same am ...
Lymphatic System - University of Baghdad
... mucous membrane of respiratory and other tracts which trap bacteria and other other foreign substances, saliva which contains antibodies, lysozymes and antibacterial substances, tears contains lysozymes, gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid (low pH) and digestive enzymes that kill microorganisms ...
... mucous membrane of respiratory and other tracts which trap bacteria and other other foreign substances, saliva which contains antibodies, lysozymes and antibacterial substances, tears contains lysozymes, gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid (low pH) and digestive enzymes that kill microorganisms ...
Immunology for Surgeons: The Basics 101
... IL-2: “T-cell growth factor” in response to IL-1; NK cells and activated T-cells (auto- and para-crine); up regulates many other cytokines, namely TNF and CSF; deficiency --> SCID IL-3: hematopoetic growth factor IL-4: inhibits macrophages IL-6: inhibits TNF IL-8: neutrophil chemokine IL-10: inhibit ...
... IL-2: “T-cell growth factor” in response to IL-1; NK cells and activated T-cells (auto- and para-crine); up regulates many other cytokines, namely TNF and CSF; deficiency --> SCID IL-3: hematopoetic growth factor IL-4: inhibits macrophages IL-6: inhibits TNF IL-8: neutrophil chemokine IL-10: inhibit ...
B. Are the main cells involved in acute inflammation
... D all above 3 Haptens are the molecules that A possess antigenicity C possess immunogenicity B are large protein D can induce the production of antibody 4 The first immunoglobulin class produced in a primary response to an antigen is A IgA B IgG C IgM D IgE 5 The most abundant immunoglobulin class i ...
... D all above 3 Haptens are the molecules that A possess antigenicity C possess immunogenicity B are large protein D can induce the production of antibody 4 The first immunoglobulin class produced in a primary response to an antigen is A IgA B IgG C IgM D IgE 5 The most abundant immunoglobulin class i ...
Antigen Recognition by B and T Lymphocytes
... Avidity: the strength of binding between a molecule and a complex ligand, e.g. if there are multiple binding sites then the avidity may be increased by increasing the number of binding sites or by increasing the affinity of those binding sites. ...
... Avidity: the strength of binding between a molecule and a complex ligand, e.g. if there are multiple binding sites then the avidity may be increased by increasing the number of binding sites or by increasing the affinity of those binding sites. ...
here
... HUMBIO 3A MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE This is NOT a complete listing of what you need to know for the exam--consider this a guide. Also, do NOT consider all topics listed here as equally important. Use your own judgement, based on how much time we spent on these topics in class, to plan your studying time. ...
... HUMBIO 3A MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE This is NOT a complete listing of what you need to know for the exam--consider this a guide. Also, do NOT consider all topics listed here as equally important. Use your own judgement, based on how much time we spent on these topics in class, to plan your studying time. ...
Disease and Immunity - Skinners` School Science
... reference to the neutralisation and agglutination of pathogens. • Antibodies bind to the antigens on the outside of pathogens. These antigens may usually be used to bind to the host cells. The pathogen is “neutralised” and cannot infect the host cells • Large antibodies with many antigen binding sit ...
... reference to the neutralisation and agglutination of pathogens. • Antibodies bind to the antigens on the outside of pathogens. These antigens may usually be used to bind to the host cells. The pathogen is “neutralised” and cannot infect the host cells • Large antibodies with many antigen binding sit ...
Matching - use the key below to answer questions 1
... 2. What is the difference between a B & a T cell. B cells mark foreign cells, T cells destroy them. 3. Describe the different types of B and T cells. Memory cells: provides future immunity after first exposure Plasma cells: increases antibodies released into the blood Cytotoxic T cells: kill foreign ...
... 2. What is the difference between a B & a T cell. B cells mark foreign cells, T cells destroy them. 3. Describe the different types of B and T cells. Memory cells: provides future immunity after first exposure Plasma cells: increases antibodies released into the blood Cytotoxic T cells: kill foreign ...
antibodies
... Lymphocytes can generate millions of different antigen binding sites by DNA rearrangement and mutation - processes restricted to immune cells!! Antigens bind hyper-variable regions at the tips of Fab fragments antigen binding has been compared to a lock-andkey fit (complementary surfaces) ...
... Lymphocytes can generate millions of different antigen binding sites by DNA rearrangement and mutation - processes restricted to immune cells!! Antigens bind hyper-variable regions at the tips of Fab fragments antigen binding has been compared to a lock-andkey fit (complementary surfaces) ...
C11 Cell Communication
... phosphates to protein tyrosines. Ex. growth factors. The ability of a single ligand-binding event to trigger so many pathways is key difference between these receptors and G-protein-linked receptors. 3) Ion-channel receptors – called ligand-gated ion channels, they are protein pores in the plasma me ...
... phosphates to protein tyrosines. Ex. growth factors. The ability of a single ligand-binding event to trigger so many pathways is key difference between these receptors and G-protein-linked receptors. 3) Ion-channel receptors – called ligand-gated ion channels, they are protein pores in the plasma me ...
AP2 study guide IMMUNE SYSTEM
... o Alpha IFN, Beta IFN, etc. o When a virus invades a cell, its nucleic acid turns on an interferon-producing gene mRNA translation into interferons. These interferons bind to active sites of healthy cells and allow them to synthesize a protein that blocks invading viruses from ...
... o Alpha IFN, Beta IFN, etc. o When a virus invades a cell, its nucleic acid turns on an interferon-producing gene mRNA translation into interferons. These interferons bind to active sites of healthy cells and allow them to synthesize a protein that blocks invading viruses from ...
The Immune System
... “Hidden” antigens or “new self-antigens” caused by mutation or damage to cell Reaction of antibodies produced against foreign antigens with self-antigens (Strep antibodies can react with heart antigens and cause rheumatic fever) ...
... “Hidden” antigens or “new self-antigens” caused by mutation or damage to cell Reaction of antibodies produced against foreign antigens with self-antigens (Strep antibodies can react with heart antigens and cause rheumatic fever) ...
03. Cell Mediated Immunityx
... and the active ingredient of the poison ivy plant • The response takes some 24 hours to occur, and like DTH, is triggered by CD4+ T cells • The actual antigen is probably created by the binding of the chemical to proteins in the skin • The fragments of antigen are then presented to CD4+ T cells by p ...
... and the active ingredient of the poison ivy plant • The response takes some 24 hours to occur, and like DTH, is triggered by CD4+ T cells • The actual antigen is probably created by the binding of the chemical to proteins in the skin • The fragments of antigen are then presented to CD4+ T cells by p ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.