HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS The immune system is required
... of domesticated animals, mold spores, and proteins in the feces of house dust mites. Injected materials include insect venoms, vaccines, and drugs. Ingested materials include some foods (e.g. peanuts, eggs, shellfish) and orally administered drugs. Symptoms of allergic disease are developed only aft ...
... of domesticated animals, mold spores, and proteins in the feces of house dust mites. Injected materials include insect venoms, vaccines, and drugs. Ingested materials include some foods (e.g. peanuts, eggs, shellfish) and orally administered drugs. Symptoms of allergic disease are developed only aft ...
Biological Molecules continued
... The monomer building blocks of proteins are called amino acids. Most of these amino acids share a common structure. Two amino acids can bond to form a dipeptide in a condensation reaction. These amino acids can bond to each other in a long chain to form what is commonly called a polypeptide. These ...
... The monomer building blocks of proteins are called amino acids. Most of these amino acids share a common structure. Two amino acids can bond to form a dipeptide in a condensation reaction. These amino acids can bond to each other in a long chain to form what is commonly called a polypeptide. These ...
The Cell
... • nucleolus produces rRNA this rRNA isjoined with proteins at the nucleolus to form the subunits of ribosomes Explain the following three phrases. (6 marks: 2 marks each) a) Many different proteins can be constructed from just a few amino acids. • Only 20 amino acids exist but attraction and bonding ...
... • nucleolus produces rRNA this rRNA isjoined with proteins at the nucleolus to form the subunits of ribosomes Explain the following three phrases. (6 marks: 2 marks each) a) Many different proteins can be constructed from just a few amino acids. • Only 20 amino acids exist but attraction and bonding ...
Case study slides by Lara Alshabatat
... A blood sample was taken and her peripheral blood mononuclear cells (i.e. lymphocytes) were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin {PHA) to test for T-cell function by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA (To measure the mitotic activity of a cell, we look at DNA synthesis. One way to look at it is by us ...
... A blood sample was taken and her peripheral blood mononuclear cells (i.e. lymphocytes) were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin {PHA) to test for T-cell function by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA (To measure the mitotic activity of a cell, we look at DNA synthesis. One way to look at it is by us ...
Physical and Chemical Barriers
... Fluid and cells from the bloodstream cause swelling and pain because of pressure on the nerve endings. ...
... Fluid and cells from the bloodstream cause swelling and pain because of pressure on the nerve endings. ...
The Cell
... nucleolus produces rRNA this rRNA isjoined with proteins at the nucleolus to form the subunits of ribosomes Explain the following three phrases. (6 marks: 2 marks each) a) Many different proteins can be constructed from just a few amino acids. Only 20 amino acids exist but attraction and bonding ...
... nucleolus produces rRNA this rRNA isjoined with proteins at the nucleolus to form the subunits of ribosomes Explain the following three phrases. (6 marks: 2 marks each) a) Many different proteins can be constructed from just a few amino acids. Only 20 amino acids exist but attraction and bonding ...
Histocompatibility
... Inbreeding (brother sister mating) leads to homogeneity and a single allele becomes fixed in the population. Several 100 different inbred strains of mice have been developed (syngeneic strains). It is now possible to produce mice that only differ by a few genes (congenic strains) or single gene (co ...
... Inbreeding (brother sister mating) leads to homogeneity and a single allele becomes fixed in the population. Several 100 different inbred strains of mice have been developed (syngeneic strains). It is now possible to produce mice that only differ by a few genes (congenic strains) or single gene (co ...
The Avian Immune System - EDIS
... lymphokines (over 90 different ones have been identified); others directly destroy disease organisms; some T-cells act to enhance the response of B-cells, macrophages, or other T-cells (helpers); and others inhibit the activity of these cells (suppressors). The cellular system was identified when it ...
... lymphokines (over 90 different ones have been identified); others directly destroy disease organisms; some T-cells act to enhance the response of B-cells, macrophages, or other T-cells (helpers); and others inhibit the activity of these cells (suppressors). The cellular system was identified when it ...
Inactivated vaccines
... - DNA coated onto gold particles and fired at high velocity at the skin. - Higher transfection rate of keratinocytes - Use as little as a few ng, but the expression is shorter due to sloughing of the skin. - Skin is rich in APCs such as Dendritic cells. Oral and intranasal. - Oral and intranasal r ...
... - DNA coated onto gold particles and fired at high velocity at the skin. - Higher transfection rate of keratinocytes - Use as little as a few ng, but the expression is shorter due to sloughing of the skin. - Skin is rich in APCs such as Dendritic cells. Oral and intranasal. - Oral and intranasal r ...
IMMUNITY MEDIATED BY B LYMPHOCYTES AND ANTIBODIES
... * Proteins of classic pathway named with capital “C” followed by a numeral (C1, C2, C3…..C9) * Cleavage fragments named as parent followed by lower case letter * “a” for smaller fragment (C3a) * “b” for larger fragment (C3b) ...
... * Proteins of classic pathway named with capital “C” followed by a numeral (C1, C2, C3…..C9) * Cleavage fragments named as parent followed by lower case letter * “a” for smaller fragment (C3a) * “b” for larger fragment (C3b) ...
emotions - Psychology
... Elements of the Immune System Leukocytes (White blood cells) Most important elements Patrol the blood & fluids Antigens: Intruders have different surface proteins (nonself) than our own (self) WBCs attack antigens Macrophages and B Cells are specific defenses Antibodies search for specific antigens ...
... Elements of the Immune System Leukocytes (White blood cells) Most important elements Patrol the blood & fluids Antigens: Intruders have different surface proteins (nonself) than our own (self) WBCs attack antigens Macrophages and B Cells are specific defenses Antibodies search for specific antigens ...
Immunology
... the undergraduates. This will be demonstrated through the essay exam format used for most of this course, as well as in class discussions (both small group and whole class). ...
... the undergraduates. This will be demonstrated through the essay exam format used for most of this course, as well as in class discussions (both small group and whole class). ...
2015-16 Fall Semester Exam REVIEW KEY
... 12. What is mechanical digestion? Where does it take place? Mechanical digestion occurs when food is broken down by a physical process such as chewing, churning or mixing. Examples: chewing in mouth, churning of acids in stomach 13. What is chemical digestion? Where does it take place? Chemical dige ...
... 12. What is mechanical digestion? Where does it take place? Mechanical digestion occurs when food is broken down by a physical process such as chewing, churning or mixing. Examples: chewing in mouth, churning of acids in stomach 13. What is chemical digestion? Where does it take place? Chemical dige ...
Antibodies - STEMCELL Technologies
... The ACK2 antibody reacts with CD117 (c-Kit), an ~145 kDa type 1 transmembrane receptor for c-Kit ligand (stem cell factor/steel factor) that is broadly expressed on hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, including pluripotent and erythroid progenitor cells and B and T lymphocyte precursors, as wel ...
... The ACK2 antibody reacts with CD117 (c-Kit), an ~145 kDa type 1 transmembrane receptor for c-Kit ligand (stem cell factor/steel factor) that is broadly expressed on hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, including pluripotent and erythroid progenitor cells and B and T lymphocyte precursors, as wel ...
Unit 8A
... Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC): body cell surface antigens coded by a family of genes; they are known as anitgenpresenting cells, two types: Class I MHC molecules: found on all nucleated cells – Display foreign antigens (proteins) produced within the cell on the exterior so they can be recog ...
... Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC): body cell surface antigens coded by a family of genes; they are known as anitgenpresenting cells, two types: Class I MHC molecules: found on all nucleated cells – Display foreign antigens (proteins) produced within the cell on the exterior so they can be recog ...
understanding the Immune System and AIDS Vaccine Strategies
... Humans are repeatedly exposed to various disease-causing organisms known as pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, which pose a threat to their health. The body defends itself against these foreign invaders using an incredibly complex network of cells, molecules, tissues, and organs, which toget ...
... Humans are repeatedly exposed to various disease-causing organisms known as pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, which pose a threat to their health. The body defends itself against these foreign invaders using an incredibly complex network of cells, molecules, tissues, and organs, which toget ...
1 | Page Glossary: Atom: Molecule: Compound: Atomic number
... fluid within cells o Interstitial fluid: fluid surrounding most tissues o Intra-‐vascular fluid: blood plasma Fluid outside cells is the process whereby some genes in cells switch off, limiting the cell’ ...
... fluid within cells o Interstitial fluid: fluid surrounding most tissues o Intra-‐vascular fluid: blood plasma Fluid outside cells is the process whereby some genes in cells switch off, limiting the cell’ ...
Ch 6 Med Term and Ch 15 BS Lymphatic_ImmuneSystems
... antigens and develops antibodies to attack them (Tbl. 6.4) – Crohn’s Dx ...
... antigens and develops antibodies to attack them (Tbl. 6.4) – Crohn’s Dx ...
Spring 2015-Chapter 16
... Fever- a rise in temperature in infected or injured tissue is one sign of a local inflammatory reaction. Fever, a systemic increase in body temperature, often accompanies inflammation. Body temperature is maintained by the hypothalamus and is most often increased by pyrogens. Fever can 1) increase b ...
... Fever- a rise in temperature in infected or injured tissue is one sign of a local inflammatory reaction. Fever, a systemic increase in body temperature, often accompanies inflammation. Body temperature is maintained by the hypothalamus and is most often increased by pyrogens. Fever can 1) increase b ...
Biologics as an Adjunct for Chemotherapy
... • Is the study of disease processes that have an immunologic cause or the study of injury induced by antibodies or other products of an immune response. Mosby's Medical Dictionary 8th edition © 2009 Elsevier • Cancer evolution and immunopathology • Immune surveillance deficit • Macrophages, natural ...
... • Is the study of disease processes that have an immunologic cause or the study of injury induced by antibodies or other products of an immune response. Mosby's Medical Dictionary 8th edition © 2009 Elsevier • Cancer evolution and immunopathology • Immune surveillance deficit • Macrophages, natural ...
What is Stem Cell?
... Stem cells refer to all tissue and internal organs of living things that are in their original source. • A stem cell is a “blank” cell • It can divide and produce identical copies – Self Renewal Process • Serves as a built-in repair system for human body ...
... Stem cells refer to all tissue and internal organs of living things that are in their original source. • A stem cell is a “blank” cell • It can divide and produce identical copies – Self Renewal Process • Serves as a built-in repair system for human body ...
1 - Welcome to people.pharmacy.purdue.edu!
... c. Yes, because cytokines such as interferon- secreted by activated CD4 T cells can stimulate macrophages in the CNS of both the mother and infant d. No, because T cells do not cross the placenta e. Yes, but only if the mother and child share the MHC haplotyes that are found on the TH1 cells respon ...
... c. Yes, because cytokines such as interferon- secreted by activated CD4 T cells can stimulate macrophages in the CNS of both the mother and infant d. No, because T cells do not cross the placenta e. Yes, but only if the mother and child share the MHC haplotyes that are found on the TH1 cells respon ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.