Bee products as immunopotentiation Honey
... …but they are even more important for crop pollination. Beehives are often contracted to be placed temporarily into fields and orchards to help pollinate crops. Over 100 different crops reply on honey bee pollination, accounting for $20 billion per year in added agricultural produce. African bees ar ...
... …but they are even more important for crop pollination. Beehives are often contracted to be placed temporarily into fields and orchards to help pollinate crops. Over 100 different crops reply on honey bee pollination, accounting for $20 billion per year in added agricultural produce. African bees ar ...
Differentiation of Troponin in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscles in
... whether embryonic TN components are compatible with the presence of two types of distinct TN components corresponding to those formed in adult skeletal and cardiac muscles, or with the presence of one or more unique embryonic TN component(s) cross-reacting with antibodies to TN components of adult m ...
... whether embryonic TN components are compatible with the presence of two types of distinct TN components corresponding to those formed in adult skeletal and cardiac muscles, or with the presence of one or more unique embryonic TN component(s) cross-reacting with antibodies to TN components of adult m ...
Genetic engineering of lactic acid bacteria to produce
... famous Danish scientist Orla-Jensen in his late days re-visited this theory with his colleagues and found that it is not the undesirable flora found in the aged which causes impaired digestion, but rather the impaired digestion resulting in undesirable intestinal flora (Olsen, 1950). However, in the ...
... famous Danish scientist Orla-Jensen in his late days re-visited this theory with his colleagues and found that it is not the undesirable flora found in the aged which causes impaired digestion, but rather the impaired digestion resulting in undesirable intestinal flora (Olsen, 1950). However, in the ...
Autoantibodies against Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor on
... supports the view that the second extracellular loop is not only the main immunogenic region of the receptor [51] but can be considered essential for the biological action of these autoantibodies. We also demonstrated that there is an association between the existence of circulating anti-M3mAChRIgG ...
... supports the view that the second extracellular loop is not only the main immunogenic region of the receptor [51] but can be considered essential for the biological action of these autoantibodies. We also demonstrated that there is an association between the existence of circulating anti-M3mAChRIgG ...
and Adaptive Immune Responses an Endogenous
... the effect of GP2 itself on central mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. Epithelial cells are the first cells to encounter pancreas-originating GP2 in the gastrointestinal lumen (10). Moreover, they represent the first line of defense and are central elements of innate immunity (23). To eluci ...
... the effect of GP2 itself on central mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. Epithelial cells are the first cells to encounter pancreas-originating GP2 in the gastrointestinal lumen (10). Moreover, they represent the first line of defense and are central elements of innate immunity (23). To eluci ...
Distinct and Separable Roles of the Complement System in Factor H
... studies demonstrated that it was specifically expressed on the platelet and not other blood cells, such as the erythrocyte, despite their continuous exposure to plasma proteins (5). By analogy to erythrocyte CR1, we considered it possible that platelets are endowed with Cfh upon exit from the bone m ...
... studies demonstrated that it was specifically expressed on the platelet and not other blood cells, such as the erythrocyte, despite their continuous exposure to plasma proteins (5). By analogy to erythrocyte CR1, we considered it possible that platelets are endowed with Cfh upon exit from the bone m ...
Function of the Drosophila TGF-a homolog Spitz is controlled by Star
... 1993). We thus examined the subcellular expression patterns of both Spitz and Star proteins as well as spitz RNA in the developing eye by immunolocalization and/or RNA in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy (see Fig. 1 and Section 4). To detect Spitz protein, we used a mouse polyclonal antise ...
... 1993). We thus examined the subcellular expression patterns of both Spitz and Star proteins as well as spitz RNA in the developing eye by immunolocalization and/or RNA in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy (see Fig. 1 and Section 4). To detect Spitz protein, we used a mouse polyclonal antise ...
Introduction to Mathematical Modeling in
... Equilibrium points of 4-population system (no treatment) are found at points where the values of LE1 from equation (20) intersect with the solutions L of equation (21). These points of intersection can be found numerically, yielding equilibrium point(s) (TE,NE,LE,CE). ...
... Equilibrium points of 4-population system (no treatment) are found at points where the values of LE1 from equation (20) intersect with the solutions L of equation (21). These points of intersection can be found numerically, yielding equilibrium point(s) (TE,NE,LE,CE). ...
July 06 for web.indd
... count remains low and lethal cerebral malaria is avoided. To date, well over 200 hemoglobin variants have been described. e term “variant” rather than “abnormal” is preferred because most hemoglobins are not associated with disease. e late Professor Herman Lehmann at Cambridge University in Englan ...
... count remains low and lethal cerebral malaria is avoided. To date, well over 200 hemoglobin variants have been described. e term “variant” rather than “abnormal” is preferred because most hemoglobins are not associated with disease. e late Professor Herman Lehmann at Cambridge University in Englan ...
5. Thrombocytopenia
... TTP is caused by bone marrow transplantation, cancer, chemotherapy and manifested as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, neurologic findings, and fever. HUS caused by infection and is manifested as acute renal failure, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thromb ...
... TTP is caused by bone marrow transplantation, cancer, chemotherapy and manifested as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, neurologic findings, and fever. HUS caused by infection and is manifested as acute renal failure, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thromb ...
HIV-1 Envelope gp41 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Chemoattractant
... chemokines that utilize various CC chemokine receptors including CCR5, as well as to SDF-1a, the ligand for CXCR4/ Fusin (Table I). The inhibition of monocyte migration by gp41 could also be demonstrated for fMLP, which utilizes a receptor structurally related to chemokine receptors. Gp41 itself did ...
... chemokines that utilize various CC chemokine receptors including CCR5, as well as to SDF-1a, the ligand for CXCR4/ Fusin (Table I). The inhibition of monocyte migration by gp41 could also be demonstrated for fMLP, which utilizes a receptor structurally related to chemokine receptors. Gp41 itself did ...
Pollen-Induced Oxidative Stress Influences Both Innate and
... maturation, and consequently induce adaptive immune responses. Recently, it has been shown that pollen grains and their allergenic extracts have a potent pro-oxidant activity, which induces profound oxidative stress in the lung or conjunctiva within minutes after exposure (3–5). Inhibition of this i ...
... maturation, and consequently induce adaptive immune responses. Recently, it has been shown that pollen grains and their allergenic extracts have a potent pro-oxidant activity, which induces profound oxidative stress in the lung or conjunctiva within minutes after exposure (3–5). Inhibition of this i ...
Inflammation
... arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectious, post-ischaemic, toxic or autoimmune injury. The process normally leads to recovery from infection and to healing, However, if targeted destruction and assisted repair are not properly phased, inflammation can lead to persistent tissue damage ...
... arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectious, post-ischaemic, toxic or autoimmune injury. The process normally leads to recovery from infection and to healing, However, if targeted destruction and assisted repair are not properly phased, inflammation can lead to persistent tissue damage ...
The autophagy conundrum in cancer: influence of
... Confirmation of autophagic cell death is usually shown by increased survival upon knockdown of Atg proteins, but as these proteins may have roles in other cell death mechanisms (Yousefi et al., 2006), the notion of cell death resulting from autophagy remains controversial (Kroemer and Levine, 2008; Ma ...
... Confirmation of autophagic cell death is usually shown by increased survival upon knockdown of Atg proteins, but as these proteins may have roles in other cell death mechanisms (Yousefi et al., 2006), the notion of cell death resulting from autophagy remains controversial (Kroemer and Levine, 2008; Ma ...
Welcome to the Nature Immunology Immune Evasion Web Focus
... Cellular and humoral forms of immunity are pervasive, although the "surveillance" does have blind spots. Some organisms have evolved to occupy special niches where immunity may not penetrate or is frustrated. Malarial parasites have an asexual phase within red blood cells. These complex organisms pa ...
... Cellular and humoral forms of immunity are pervasive, although the "surveillance" does have blind spots. Some organisms have evolved to occupy special niches where immunity may not penetrate or is frustrated. Malarial parasites have an asexual phase within red blood cells. These complex organisms pa ...
• - Utrecht University Repository
... The human immune system is the product of aeons of evolution, which have brought forth a system that is both delicate in its regulatory mechanisms and powerful in its actions. In order to remain functional and effective, the immune system must be kept in balance. An immune response that is too harsh ...
... The human immune system is the product of aeons of evolution, which have brought forth a system that is both delicate in its regulatory mechanisms and powerful in its actions. In order to remain functional and effective, the immune system must be kept in balance. An immune response that is too harsh ...
The Inflammatory Response Initiated by the Spleen to Ischemic Stroke
... divided into two types of ischemia that can cause neural injury: global ischemia and focal ischemia. Global ischemia occurs when there is loss of blood flow to the whole brain such as during a myocardial infarction (MI) when blood flow to the whole body is stopped. Focal ischemia only affects certa ...
... divided into two types of ischemia that can cause neural injury: global ischemia and focal ischemia. Global ischemia occurs when there is loss of blood flow to the whole brain such as during a myocardial infarction (MI) when blood flow to the whole body is stopped. Focal ischemia only affects certa ...
A - Personal.psu.edu
... cough, is an acute, severe coughing illness that can progress to become spasmodic. Extreme cases may lead to regurgitation, convulsions, collapse, coma, and death (3). A closely related member of the Bordetella genus, B. parapertussis, causes a “whooping cough-like” disease, which is nearly indistin ...
... cough, is an acute, severe coughing illness that can progress to become spasmodic. Extreme cases may lead to regurgitation, convulsions, collapse, coma, and death (3). A closely related member of the Bordetella genus, B. parapertussis, causes a “whooping cough-like” disease, which is nearly indistin ...
Endometrial dendritic cell populations during the normal menstrual
... endometrium during the menstrual cycle, these immune cells and their secreted products are potential mediators of local endometrial changes (Jones et al., 2004). Chemokines and cytokines, which are secreted by DCs and other leukocytes, have been implicated in the processes of menstruation, tissue re ...
... endometrium during the menstrual cycle, these immune cells and their secreted products are potential mediators of local endometrial changes (Jones et al., 2004). Chemokines and cytokines, which are secreted by DCs and other leukocytes, have been implicated in the processes of menstruation, tissue re ...
Parallels between Pathogens and Gluten Peptides in Celiac Sprue
... cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injurious host immune response. In many cases, additional steps, such as activation of the infectious pathogen to a more virulent form and subversion of host processes toward a virulent end ...
... cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injurious host immune response. In many cases, additional steps, such as activation of the infectious pathogen to a more virulent form and subversion of host processes toward a virulent end ...
Article
... numbers equivalent to those found in murine liver. Fat-derived iNKT cells produced significantly less IFN-g and more IL-4 and IL-10 compared to iNKT cells from the liver and spleen following aGC activation in vivo (Figure 1C) and in vitro (Figure 1D). We also compared other lymphoid populations from ...
... numbers equivalent to those found in murine liver. Fat-derived iNKT cells produced significantly less IFN-g and more IL-4 and IL-10 compared to iNKT cells from the liver and spleen following aGC activation in vivo (Figure 1C) and in vitro (Figure 1D). We also compared other lymphoid populations from ...
Full Text - Statistics
... feeding, they should also be free from taking antibiotics in the last 2 months; hormonal factors during last one year, drugs strengthening immunity system in the last two months and drugs inhibiting immune system during the last year. Based on diameter of chronic periapical lesions, the samples were ...
... feeding, they should also be free from taking antibiotics in the last 2 months; hormonal factors during last one year, drugs strengthening immunity system in the last two months and drugs inhibiting immune system during the last year. Based on diameter of chronic periapical lesions, the samples were ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.