HOST and the MICROBE
... = outcome is determined by the status of the host = ability to be transient pathogens in a normal host (“just passing through’) e.g. a. fungal infections (Candida albicans) = ...
... = outcome is determined by the status of the host = ability to be transient pathogens in a normal host (“just passing through’) e.g. a. fungal infections (Candida albicans) = ...
Document
... 1. Phagocytosis is a component of innate and aquired immunity. It is the principal means of destroying pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Phagocytosis initiates the process of antigen presentation. 2. Many phagocytic receptors recognize a diverse array of microbial pathogens. Some pathogens (e.g., S. pn ...
... 1. Phagocytosis is a component of innate and aquired immunity. It is the principal means of destroying pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Phagocytosis initiates the process of antigen presentation. 2. Many phagocytic receptors recognize a diverse array of microbial pathogens. Some pathogens (e.g., S. pn ...
Immunology Overview
... and H. influenzae. They disrupt microbial membrane, block DNA, RNA, protein synthesis. Cathelicidin, a single protein, has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, and T cells; degranulates mast cells; and, promotes wound healing. Acute-Phase Response Proteins: C-reactive protein ...
... and H. influenzae. They disrupt microbial membrane, block DNA, RNA, protein synthesis. Cathelicidin, a single protein, has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, and T cells; degranulates mast cells; and, promotes wound healing. Acute-Phase Response Proteins: C-reactive protein ...
molecular mimicry - Institute of Pathophysiology
... If an antigen of a microbe is identical or very similar to an antigen of the body (molecular mimicry), then infection by the microbe can activate clones which are originally autoreactive or capable of cross-reacting with the self antigen. ...
... If an antigen of a microbe is identical or very similar to an antigen of the body (molecular mimicry), then infection by the microbe can activate clones which are originally autoreactive or capable of cross-reacting with the self antigen. ...
Supplementary Information (doc 107K)
... variance) or the Mann-Whitney test (different variance). All 5 cytokines included in the figure have ...
... variance) or the Mann-Whitney test (different variance). All 5 cytokines included in the figure have ...
B cell - immunology.unideb.hu
... Helens’ T cells, although decreased in number, are normal and are not affected by the defect. They are capable of normal responses to nonspecific mitogens and to an allogenic stimulus in which the antigen is presented by the MHC molecules on the surface of the (nondefective) allogeneic cells and thu ...
... Helens’ T cells, although decreased in number, are normal and are not affected by the defect. They are capable of normal responses to nonspecific mitogens and to an allogenic stimulus in which the antigen is presented by the MHC molecules on the surface of the (nondefective) allogeneic cells and thu ...
IL-1
... receptor is ST 2. This receptor has been described as a negative regulator of Tolllike receptor-IL-1 receptor signaling, but it also functions as an important effector molecule of T helper type 2 responses. We report a member of the IL-1 family, IL33, which mediates its biological effects via IL-1 r ...
... receptor is ST 2. This receptor has been described as a negative regulator of Tolllike receptor-IL-1 receptor signaling, but it also functions as an important effector molecule of T helper type 2 responses. We report a member of the IL-1 family, IL33, which mediates its biological effects via IL-1 r ...
Defense Lecture Study ppt. part 2 File
... recombination of gene segments • Hypervariable regions of some genes increase antibody variation through somatic mutations • Each plasma cell can switch the type of H chain produced, making an antibody of a different class ...
... recombination of gene segments • Hypervariable regions of some genes increase antibody variation through somatic mutations • Each plasma cell can switch the type of H chain produced, making an antibody of a different class ...
Press Release English - Research Institute of Molecular Pathology
... survive their daily attacks is the ability of the immune system to neutralize these invaders in numerous ways. Plasma cells are key players in this process. They fight infections and establish long-lasting protection against pathogens. Plasma cells are white blood cells that develop from B-cells. Th ...
... survive their daily attacks is the ability of the immune system to neutralize these invaders in numerous ways. Plasma cells are key players in this process. They fight infections and establish long-lasting protection against pathogens. Plasma cells are white blood cells that develop from B-cells. Th ...
LECTURE 3. BLOOD AND LYMPH Of all the derivatives of the
... mesenchymal origin of its cells, the free exchange of leukocytes with the connective tissues and the relatively low cell matrix ratio. Many of the plasma substances and some of the cells however arise from the variety of sources (e.g. many of the proteins associated with clothing are formed in the l ...
... mesenchymal origin of its cells, the free exchange of leukocytes with the connective tissues and the relatively low cell matrix ratio. Many of the plasma substances and some of the cells however arise from the variety of sources (e.g. many of the proteins associated with clothing are formed in the l ...
Profile Adrian Hayday
... Main Line of Research The development and function of tissue immunosurveillance Adrian Hayday's research focuses on how the immune system interacts with cells in tissues, both at the afferent stage (when tissues are first infected or disrupted), and at the effector stage (when the systemic cells in ...
... Main Line of Research The development and function of tissue immunosurveillance Adrian Hayday's research focuses on how the immune system interacts with cells in tissues, both at the afferent stage (when tissues are first infected or disrupted), and at the effector stage (when the systemic cells in ...
Immunomodulatory effects of low dose chemotherapy and
... cells, which interact with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed by DCs. During chemotherapy or radiotherapy, DCs require signaling through TLR4 for efficient processing and crosspresentation of antigen from dying tumor cells, then activating specific T-cell immunity [56]. In addition, many chemothe ...
... cells, which interact with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed by DCs. During chemotherapy or radiotherapy, DCs require signaling through TLR4 for efficient processing and crosspresentation of antigen from dying tumor cells, then activating specific T-cell immunity [56]. In addition, many chemothe ...
of innate immunity
... here for neutrophils. (1) Inflammatory mediators secreted by alarm cells in response to PAMPs, and perhaps by direct action of PAMPson endothelial cells, stimulate endothelial cells to express E- and P-selectins on their luminal surface; the latter is stored in specialised granules (Webel-Palade bod ...
... here for neutrophils. (1) Inflammatory mediators secreted by alarm cells in response to PAMPs, and perhaps by direct action of PAMPson endothelial cells, stimulate endothelial cells to express E- and P-selectins on their luminal surface; the latter is stored in specialised granules (Webel-Palade bod ...
Histocompatibility
... called beta2-microglobulin. The gene for beta 2-microglobulin is not part of the MHC, but is located on chromosome 2. Genes of K region and D Region, with two subregions (D and L), and the Tla region, with 11 subregions (Qa2,3-5, T1, 6-10),encode class I molecules. These genes are on chromosome 17. ...
... called beta2-microglobulin. The gene for beta 2-microglobulin is not part of the MHC, but is located on chromosome 2. Genes of K region and D Region, with two subregions (D and L), and the Tla region, with 11 subregions (Qa2,3-5, T1, 6-10),encode class I molecules. These genes are on chromosome 17. ...
Chapter 14 Forensic Serology CHAPTER OVERVIEW • Serology
... Serology involves a broad scope of laboratory tests that use specific antigen and serum antibody reactions. ...
... Serology involves a broad scope of laboratory tests that use specific antigen and serum antibody reactions. ...
... Although one in every two individuals in the world have been vaccinated against tuberculosis with the BCG vaccine, currently is estimated that one third of the world population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) the bacillus that causes tuberculosis. Each year, M. tubercul ...
Canine Herpesvirus-1: A New Pathogenic Role for an Old Virus
... correcting nutritional problems. Lowered immune status because of life-stage or natural stress is characterized by a reduction in antigen presenting cells [APC] function, resulting in a less efficient or altered immune response, leading to increased susceptibility to infectious disease, increase in ...
... correcting nutritional problems. Lowered immune status because of life-stage or natural stress is characterized by a reduction in antigen presenting cells [APC] function, resulting in a less efficient or altered immune response, leading to increased susceptibility to infectious disease, increase in ...
PPoint - Dr. Stuart White
... complement immune responses Adults produce 3-4 grams per day, which can also be found in the saliva and colostrum as well Low level SIgA is associated with altered intestinal permeability and increased uptake of food antigens resulting in increased inflammatory and subsequent immune activation ...
... complement immune responses Adults produce 3-4 grams per day, which can also be found in the saliva and colostrum as well Low level SIgA is associated with altered intestinal permeability and increased uptake of food antigens resulting in increased inflammatory and subsequent immune activation ...
Immune
... Antigen presenting cells include: B-cells, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells ...
... Antigen presenting cells include: B-cells, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.