Chapter 43 Student Guided Notes
... producing antibodies directed against different epitopes on the common antigen. ...
... producing antibodies directed against different epitopes on the common antigen. ...
T cells
... Cell Types 1. Lymphocytes: derived in bone marrow from stem cells 10^12 A) T cells: stored & mature in thymus-migrate throughout the body -Killer Cells Perform lysis (infected cells) Cell mediated immune response -Helper Cells Enhance T killer or B cell activity -Supressor Cells Reduce/suppress im ...
... Cell Types 1. Lymphocytes: derived in bone marrow from stem cells 10^12 A) T cells: stored & mature in thymus-migrate throughout the body -Killer Cells Perform lysis (infected cells) Cell mediated immune response -Helper Cells Enhance T killer or B cell activity -Supressor Cells Reduce/suppress im ...
Document
... - Response time is in days. Major features: • Diversity - many different pathogens recognized • Specificity - distinguishes particular molecules • Memory - responds faster with subsequent exposure ...
... - Response time is in days. Major features: • Diversity - many different pathogens recognized • Specificity - distinguishes particular molecules • Memory - responds faster with subsequent exposure ...
The Immune System
... • belongs to basic homeostatic mechanisms of organism • Its function is maintaining the integrity of organism by recognition of harmful from harmless, and by this way it protects organism against injurious matter of external and internal origin. ...
... • belongs to basic homeostatic mechanisms of organism • Its function is maintaining the integrity of organism by recognition of harmful from harmless, and by this way it protects organism against injurious matter of external and internal origin. ...
IMMUNITY MEDIATED BY B LYMPHOCYTES AND ANTIBODIES
... * IL-12 and TNF-alpha * Macrophages * Stimulates cytokine secretion ...
... * IL-12 and TNF-alpha * Macrophages * Stimulates cytokine secretion ...
The Babraham Institute
... produce 10 billion different antibodies. Recombination or shuffling of genes to create variations in the binding site of the antibodies is the first step in generating this huge repertoire. The ‘constant’ region determines the mechanism used to destroy antigens. Antibodies are classified according t ...
... produce 10 billion different antibodies. Recombination or shuffling of genes to create variations in the binding site of the antibodies is the first step in generating this huge repertoire. The ‘constant’ region determines the mechanism used to destroy antigens. Antibodies are classified according t ...
ninth lecture
... Once C1q is activated, C1r and C1s are sequentially bound to generate enzyme activity for C4 and C2, splitting both into a and b fragments. The complex C4b2a is known as C3 convertase. It cleaves C3 into C3a (with anaphylatoxic and chemotactic activity) and C3b (with opsonic activity). The interact ...
... Once C1q is activated, C1r and C1s are sequentially bound to generate enzyme activity for C4 and C2, splitting both into a and b fragments. The complex C4b2a is known as C3 convertase. It cleaves C3 into C3a (with anaphylatoxic and chemotactic activity) and C3b (with opsonic activity). The interact ...
Immunology - Lecture 2 Adaptive Immune System 1
... type of protein domain that consists of a 2-layer sandwich of between 7 and 9 antiparallel β-strands arranged in two β-sheets with a Greek key topology, consisting of about 80 amino acids. The backbone switches repeatedly between the two β-sheets. ...
... type of protein domain that consists of a 2-layer sandwich of between 7 and 9 antiparallel β-strands arranged in two β-sheets with a Greek key topology, consisting of about 80 amino acids. The backbone switches repeatedly between the two β-sheets. ...
Immunity Textbook
... Specific glycoproteins can activate T-cells. These glycoproteins are called major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC molecules). MHC molecules reside on cell membranes and contain a variable region. The variable region is the portion of the molecule that allows for binding to antigens. MHC cl ...
... Specific glycoproteins can activate T-cells. These glycoproteins are called major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC molecules). MHC molecules reside on cell membranes and contain a variable region. The variable region is the portion of the molecule that allows for binding to antigens. MHC cl ...
Chapter 8
... Antibodies are produced by B cells. B cells develop in bone marrow. Antibodies are specific molecules that circulate through out our body and attach to foreign antigens, marking them for destruction. Foreign antigen does not have to be associated with a self antigen to be recognized. Antibodies ca ...
... Antibodies are produced by B cells. B cells develop in bone marrow. Antibodies are specific molecules that circulate through out our body and attach to foreign antigens, marking them for destruction. Foreign antigen does not have to be associated with a self antigen to be recognized. Antibodies ca ...
MICR 304 S2010 Lecture 11 T Ly - Cal State LA
... • They are rescued from apoptosis if their TCR recognizes self-peptide on self MHC molecules. • However, if their TCR responds too strongly to self peptide on self MHC molecules, they are sent to apoptosis. ...
... • They are rescued from apoptosis if their TCR recognizes self-peptide on self MHC molecules. • However, if their TCR responds too strongly to self peptide on self MHC molecules, they are sent to apoptosis. ...
antigens????
... – participate in the humoral immune response – Acts on extracellular pathogens (pathogens in body fluids) Attack pathogens OUTSIDE body cells!!!! – secrete antibodies into the blood and lymph to mark pathogen for destruction ...
... – participate in the humoral immune response – Acts on extracellular pathogens (pathogens in body fluids) Attack pathogens OUTSIDE body cells!!!! – secrete antibodies into the blood and lymph to mark pathogen for destruction ...
Exporter la page en pdf
... response and the viral replication. Our second aim is to characterize the type of adaptive immune response that will be generated in T cells when the innate immune response to HIV-1 is active in dendritic cells. Lastly, we explore more general aspects of innate immune regulation. In particular, we f ...
... response and the viral replication. Our second aim is to characterize the type of adaptive immune response that will be generated in T cells when the innate immune response to HIV-1 is active in dendritic cells. Lastly, we explore more general aspects of innate immune regulation. In particular, we f ...
Distinguished Visitor Programme
... 13 Nov 2002 (Wed), 6.15-7.15 pm, Clinical Research Centre (CRC) Auditorium, Faculty of Medicine, MD 11, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597 "Order from Disorder Sprung: Recognition and Regulation in the Immune System" "Milton's epic poem "Paradise Lost" supplies a co ...
... 13 Nov 2002 (Wed), 6.15-7.15 pm, Clinical Research Centre (CRC) Auditorium, Faculty of Medicine, MD 11, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597 "Order from Disorder Sprung: Recognition and Regulation in the Immune System" "Milton's epic poem "Paradise Lost" supplies a co ...
Group 3 final case - Cal State LA
... Sorry Mr. and Mrs. Causubon, I regret to inform you that your son, Martin has been diagnosed with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. X-SCID is a severe immunodeficency which disables your son’s ability to fight against infections. The good news is that there some treatments that have been sh ...
... Sorry Mr. and Mrs. Causubon, I regret to inform you that your son, Martin has been diagnosed with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. X-SCID is a severe immunodeficency which disables your son’s ability to fight against infections. The good news is that there some treatments that have been sh ...
Inadequate flow of oxygen into the respiratory system due to
... bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances harmful to the body. ...
... bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances harmful to the body. ...
cytokines and cytokine receptors
... specific immune responses. T helper cells can be divided into TH1 and TH2 subsets according to the cytokines they produce. These two subsets regulate each other. The humoral immunity will be discussed in this lecture. The humoral immunity can be dependent or independent on T cell function. Most immu ...
... specific immune responses. T helper cells can be divided into TH1 and TH2 subsets according to the cytokines they produce. These two subsets regulate each other. The humoral immunity will be discussed in this lecture. The humoral immunity can be dependent or independent on T cell function. Most immu ...
Document
... Intracellular microbe Antigen in vesicles or cytosol IFN-g activates in phagocytes --> CD4+, CD8+ T cells phagocytes; killing of infected cells Intracellular microbe Antigen in cytosol --> in non-phagocytic CD8+ CTLs cell (virus) Helminthic parasites ...
... Intracellular microbe Antigen in vesicles or cytosol IFN-g activates in phagocytes --> CD4+, CD8+ T cells phagocytes; killing of infected cells Intracellular microbe Antigen in cytosol --> in non-phagocytic CD8+ CTLs cell (virus) Helminthic parasites ...
Immune System Memory Game
... Neutrophils behave similarly to macrophages as they are able to engulf foreign particles. Unlike macrophages, though, neutrophils are found in the bloodstream and can only engulf one particle before it is destroyed. ...
... Neutrophils behave similarly to macrophages as they are able to engulf foreign particles. Unlike macrophages, though, neutrophils are found in the bloodstream and can only engulf one particle before it is destroyed. ...
PowerPoint to accompany - Current University of Rio Grande
... Body Defenses Against Infection • pathogen • disease causing agent • bacteria, viruses, complex microorganisms, spores of multicellular organisms ...
... Body Defenses Against Infection • pathogen • disease causing agent • bacteria, viruses, complex microorganisms, spores of multicellular organisms ...
Slayt 1
... T cells in antibacterial response • TH1 CD4 responses important for intracellular bacterial infections • TH2 CD4 response important for all bacterial infections • CD8 cytolytic T cells not very important ...
... T cells in antibacterial response • TH1 CD4 responses important for intracellular bacterial infections • TH2 CD4 response important for all bacterial infections • CD8 cytolytic T cells not very important ...
Immune Response – Overview
... bind that specific antigen and immobilize it, preventing it from causing infection. Antibodies are specific for only one antigen. B cells must interact with Helper T cells, other specialized white blood cells, to initiate antibody production. An important concept is that once activated, memory cells ...
... bind that specific antigen and immobilize it, preventing it from causing infection. Antibodies are specific for only one antigen. B cells must interact with Helper T cells, other specialized white blood cells, to initiate antibody production. An important concept is that once activated, memory cells ...
1 week
... • Principle function is to return fluid, plasma proteins, lymphocytes, and immunoglobins back to circulation • Picks up extracellular fluid from tissues and returns it to the circulatory system ...
... • Principle function is to return fluid, plasma proteins, lymphocytes, and immunoglobins back to circulation • Picks up extracellular fluid from tissues and returns it to the circulatory system ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.