to TCR Ligand Potency Within MHC Molecule or Antigenic Peptide
... Vergelli, Nick Ling, Paul Conlon, Henry F. McFarland, Richard Houghten and Roland Martin ...
... Vergelli, Nick Ling, Paul Conlon, Henry F. McFarland, Richard Houghten and Roland Martin ...
Structures Common to Different Glycans ...tials of Glycobiology
... Crossmatching procedures helped to identify a rare ABO blood group phenotype termed the Bombay phenotype, so named because the first identified individual lived in that city. Affected persons have red cells deficient in H, A, and B antigens, whereas their sera contain IgM antibodies that react with ...
... Crossmatching procedures helped to identify a rare ABO blood group phenotype termed the Bombay phenotype, so named because the first identified individual lived in that city. Affected persons have red cells deficient in H, A, and B antigens, whereas their sera contain IgM antibodies that react with ...
Colon Carcinoma Model to Cure Established Tumors in a Murine
... have antitumor effects. In the prophylactic setting, mice were injected s.c. with CpG ODN 1826 (100 g) 7 days before challenge with C26 tumor cells. Injection of CpG ODN alone delayed tumor growth compared with the group without treatment ( p ⫽ 0.02), but all mice developed tumors and finally died ...
... have antitumor effects. In the prophylactic setting, mice were injected s.c. with CpG ODN 1826 (100 g) 7 days before challenge with C26 tumor cells. Injection of CpG ODN alone delayed tumor growth compared with the group without treatment ( p ⫽ 0.02), but all mice developed tumors and finally died ...
Vaccines and Autism
... and these conditions may exist prior to both vaccination and the onset of autism. A shift in the age of onset suggests an operative environmental factor. Thousands of parent reports collected during nearly 40 years by the Autism Research Institute demonstrate a reversal in the relative proportions o ...
... and these conditions may exist prior to both vaccination and the onset of autism. A shift in the age of onset suggests an operative environmental factor. Thousands of parent reports collected during nearly 40 years by the Autism Research Institute demonstrate a reversal in the relative proportions o ...
NOD2 Variants and Antibody Response to Microbial Antigens in
... A hyperresponsive adaptive immunologic response to microbial antigens has been characterized in patients with CD and is believed to be reflective of the underlying immunopathogenesis of this disorder. Measures of this adaptive immunologic response include antibodies to oligomannan (anti–Saccharomyce ...
... A hyperresponsive adaptive immunologic response to microbial antigens has been characterized in patients with CD and is believed to be reflective of the underlying immunopathogenesis of this disorder. Measures of this adaptive immunologic response include antibodies to oligomannan (anti–Saccharomyce ...
Full-Text PDF
... polymorphism in the gene of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 (C1858T), which is associated with SLE susceptibility, leads to a substitution of a tryptophan to an arginine (R620W) which reduces the binding of PTNP22 to CSK kinase, inducing lower B-cell responses and compromising central and peripheral ...
... polymorphism in the gene of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 (C1858T), which is associated with SLE susceptibility, leads to a substitution of a tryptophan to an arginine (R620W) which reduces the binding of PTNP22 to CSK kinase, inducing lower B-cell responses and compromising central and peripheral ...
Characterisation of interleukin-10 expression on different vascular
... endothelial structures vessels separately. Firstly, the sinusoids are specialized structures that may expand and contract thanks to smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive (myo) fibroblasts that line these structures. Their capacitance volume is under neural regulation and may also be influenced by humor ...
... endothelial structures vessels separately. Firstly, the sinusoids are specialized structures that may expand and contract thanks to smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive (myo) fibroblasts that line these structures. Their capacitance volume is under neural regulation and may also be influenced by humor ...
Lectins, Mitogens and Agglutinins
... Most lectins given orally are immunogenic. Pooled human blood typically contains high titre anti-banana lectin (BanLec-1) IgG4. Lectins can modulate IgE responses to other antigens [hG3 also does this, and there is some evidence that CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) is in itself a C-type lectin. ...
... Most lectins given orally are immunogenic. Pooled human blood typically contains high titre anti-banana lectin (BanLec-1) IgG4. Lectins can modulate IgE responses to other antigens [hG3 also does this, and there is some evidence that CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) is in itself a C-type lectin. ...
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology,
... with variable efficacy ranging from 0-80%. In addition to the problems associated with the BCG vaccine, diagnosis of TB cannot be performed readily with the available tools. At present, an effective control of TB is highly dependent on the development of a new TB-vaccine as well as proper identifica ...
... with variable efficacy ranging from 0-80%. In addition to the problems associated with the BCG vaccine, diagnosis of TB cannot be performed readily with the available tools. At present, an effective control of TB is highly dependent on the development of a new TB-vaccine as well as proper identifica ...
Altitude, exercise and immune function
... activity) continued to Mazzeo et al., J. Appl. Physiol. 91:2143-2149, 2001. increase steadily during days at altitude peaking at days 4-6. As norepinephrine has a strong affinity for the α-adrenergic receptors, this is a potential mechanism likely to contribute to the continued elevation in plasma I ...
... activity) continued to Mazzeo et al., J. Appl. Physiol. 91:2143-2149, 2001. increase steadily during days at altitude peaking at days 4-6. As norepinephrine has a strong affinity for the α-adrenergic receptors, this is a potential mechanism likely to contribute to the continued elevation in plasma I ...
The Vaccine Adjuvant Chitosan Promotes Cellular Immunity via DNA Sensor cGAS-STING-Dependent
... A deeper understanding of adjuvanticity is critical for the rational design of new and improved vaccines. Activation of innate immunity is essential for effective induction of protective, antigen-specific responses (Pulendran and Ahmed, 2011). Modulation of dendritic cells (DCs) by adjuvants is a ma ...
... A deeper understanding of adjuvanticity is critical for the rational design of new and improved vaccines. Activation of innate immunity is essential for effective induction of protective, antigen-specific responses (Pulendran and Ahmed, 2011). Modulation of dendritic cells (DCs) by adjuvants is a ma ...
Chapter 1 - Baboola Sumo
... progress, because once they are accomplished, interest in the technology will increase, and many uses that we cannot now imagine will be tried. Medical microbes and Repnumi rejuvenation. I expect progress in the medical use of genetically engineered microbes to lead to progress toward Repnumi rejuve ...
... progress, because once they are accomplished, interest in the technology will increase, and many uses that we cannot now imagine will be tried. Medical microbes and Repnumi rejuvenation. I expect progress in the medical use of genetically engineered microbes to lead to progress toward Repnumi rejuve ...
Immunity to Intracellular Salmonella Depends on Surface
... T cells [10]. Unfortunately, protective T cell antigens seem to be rare, and priorization of candidates is difficult since relevant antigen properties for CD4 T cell responses remain unclear [9,16,17]. One key precondition for protective responses is expression of the respective Salmonella antigen d ...
... T cells [10]. Unfortunately, protective T cell antigens seem to be rare, and priorization of candidates is difficult since relevant antigen properties for CD4 T cell responses remain unclear [9,16,17]. One key precondition for protective responses is expression of the respective Salmonella antigen d ...
View PDF - e-Science Central
... causing cell death, which activates cell self-defences via patternrecognition receptors (PRRs) [3]. In addition, autophagy or autophagy-related proteins contribute to antiviral type I and type II IFN cytokines [4]. Virus-induced autophagy is a double-edged sword, functioning as a defence and offence ...
... causing cell death, which activates cell self-defences via patternrecognition receptors (PRRs) [3]. In addition, autophagy or autophagy-related proteins contribute to antiviral type I and type II IFN cytokines [4]. Virus-induced autophagy is a double-edged sword, functioning as a defence and offence ...
neuropeptides activate t cells
... neurotransmitters on T-cells were reported, depending on the neurotransmitter itself, as well as on all the parameters discussed below and shown schematically in Figure 4. For maintaining clarity, brevity, and focus in this review, and because of space limitations, the present review will deal with ...
... neurotransmitters on T-cells were reported, depending on the neurotransmitter itself, as well as on all the parameters discussed below and shown schematically in Figure 4. For maintaining clarity, brevity, and focus in this review, and because of space limitations, the present review will deal with ...
INFECTIOUS DISEASES PART II
... Direct viral cytotoxicity The specific agent may evoke a cell-mediated immune reaction damages the cardiac myofibers harboring virus or virus dictated antigens ...
... Direct viral cytotoxicity The specific agent may evoke a cell-mediated immune reaction damages the cardiac myofibers harboring virus or virus dictated antigens ...
The Inflammatory Response Initiated by the Spleen to Ischemic Stroke
... individuals and individuals with hyperglycemia have an increased risk of ICH with thrombolytic therapy (Martini and Kent 2007). ...
... individuals and individuals with hyperglycemia have an increased risk of ICH with thrombolytic therapy (Martini and Kent 2007). ...
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Barrier Organ Physiology
... primarily involved in biotransformation and detoxification is rapidly changing. As regarded today, the AhR plays an important role in cell development, differentiation, and function. Recent evidence from studies with full and conditional AhR-deficient animal models implies important endogenous roles ...
... primarily involved in biotransformation and detoxification is rapidly changing. As regarded today, the AhR plays an important role in cell development, differentiation, and function. Recent evidence from studies with full and conditional AhR-deficient animal models implies important endogenous roles ...
Impact of AS03 Adjuvant System on T cell
... Immune responses to influenza vaccination in older adults tend to be weaker than in younger adults and this has been attributed to the decline in immune function associated with advancing age, termed immunosenescence [1-6]. Strategies to improve vaccine immunogenicity in older adults include vaccina ...
... Immune responses to influenza vaccination in older adults tend to be weaker than in younger adults and this has been attributed to the decline in immune function associated with advancing age, termed immunosenescence [1-6]. Strategies to improve vaccine immunogenicity in older adults include vaccina ...
dendritic cell-based tumor vaccination for high
... Group Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Department of Neurosurgery ...
... Group Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Department of Neurosurgery ...
... invaders/intruders that manage to escape these mechanisms, encounter a number of innate cellular mediators with variant host defensive capabilities like tissue macrophages, neutrophils, natural-killer cells (NK), and dendritic cells (DC) [3]. The innate immunity signals plays a critical role in init ...
Lymph formation, composition and circulation
... functional features between plasma and lymph. In 2013, Clement et al. (12, 47) reported a comparative proteomics analysis of matched human plasma versus lymph, highlighting the presence of 72 lymph-enriched proteins, involved in apoptosis, cell catabolism or ECM remodeling (collagens, cartilage and ...
... functional features between plasma and lymph. In 2013, Clement et al. (12, 47) reported a comparative proteomics analysis of matched human plasma versus lymph, highlighting the presence of 72 lymph-enriched proteins, involved in apoptosis, cell catabolism or ECM remodeling (collagens, cartilage and ...
Clonal selection in CD4 T cells: The role of TCR specificity and avidity
... discrimination is primarily achieved through clonal deletion of lymphocytes expressing strongly auto-reactive receptors. Removal of such receptors from the TCR and BCR repertoires causes irreversible self-tolerance. For a T cell, this is a precarious life. During development in the thymus it must ad ...
... discrimination is primarily achieved through clonal deletion of lymphocytes expressing strongly auto-reactive receptors. Removal of such receptors from the TCR and BCR repertoires causes irreversible self-tolerance. For a T cell, this is a precarious life. During development in the thymus it must ad ...
A Study of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein
... The Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of the family, Filoviridae, and is the etiological agent of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF). This disease causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans and non-human primates, with human fatality rates reaching 90% during outbreaks of the Zaire subtype. Curren ...
... The Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of the family, Filoviridae, and is the etiological agent of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF). This disease causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans and non-human primates, with human fatality rates reaching 90% during outbreaks of the Zaire subtype. Curren ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.