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IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECT OF BACTERIAL INFECTION
IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECT OF BACTERIAL INFECTION

Host Microbe Interactions
Host Microbe Interactions

lec1-host parasite r..
lec1-host parasite r..

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Materials and Methods (MMs)
Materials and Methods (MMs)

Lecture_5
Lecture_5

... release of CLIP and the binding of high affinity peptides via interaction of peptide amino acid side-chains with MHC pockets • Without Ii the MHC class II molecule traffics to the cell membrane ...
Cell Communication per Parrott
Cell Communication per Parrott

... – Protein Kinase (usually TK) Linked Receptors. These generate cascades of modifications, but do not always use 2nd messengers. – Ion Channels. Receptor is part of an ion channel. (Neurons) ...
Diet - Amazon Web Services
Diet - Amazon Web Services

...  Molecular mimicry (MM) explains the similarity between amino acid sequences of surface proteins on pathogens and host proteins  Pathogens mimic host proteins to be viewed as ‘self’ by the host immune system and avoid detection  Evidence showing an association between infectious agents and the pr ...
Immunity
Immunity

... body (lymphocytes) to fight the disease-causing organism (antigen). 2. After the illness is over, antibodies against the disease remain in the blood and protect against re-infection. ...
Structure and Function of Leukopoietic Tissue
Structure and Function of Leukopoietic Tissue

... microorganisms and cellular debris They secrete substances (cytokines) that affect the function of other cells, especially lymphocytes. They are important in the processing of and presentation of antigens to lymphocytes for activation and differentiation. ...
IMMUNITY
IMMUNITY

... • Triggered when allergen interacts with free IgE • Allergens can be ingested in foods, injected, inhaled, absorbed – Systemic response, such as anaphylaxis – Localized response, such as asthma, more common ...
Submission - Provisions of the Research Involving Embryos and
Submission - Provisions of the Research Involving Embryos and

... stem cell technology to produce ES cell lines which are custom made for individual patients. Grafts derived from such cell lines would in principle avoid the problem of immune rejection. Practical problems with this approach, including the requirement for large numbers of human eggs, the time delay ...
Biomaterials_Lecture 7
Biomaterials_Lecture 7

... 3.0 Immune Response to Biomaterial  Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules.  In immunology, self molecules are those components of an organism's body that can be distinguished from foreign substances by the i ...
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Inducing and expanding regulatory T cell populations by foreign
Inducing and expanding regulatory T cell populations by foreign

... The extrathymic generation and proliferation of regulatory T cells may contribute to self-tolerance as well as the poor immunogenicity of tumors and may be exploited clinically to prevent or reverse unwanted immunity. The contributions of thymically and extrathymically generated suppressor T cells t ...
Student Research Proposals in Their Own Words (VBS 1001)
Student Research Proposals in Their Own Words (VBS 1001)

... motion sickness and gastrointestinal discomfort, but at higher doses can cause delirium, hallucinations, and severely impaired judgment. In Colombia, unscrupulous individuals can easily extract scopolamine from any number of local flowers of the genus Brugmansia and the resulting extract, called bur ...
Lecture 2 - Immunology of TB
Lecture 2 - Immunology of TB

... by a population of non-replicating bacilli rather than a population of growing bacilli. It is believed that the immune response is mainly directed towards antigens secreted by growing bacilli. Therefore non-replicating bacilli will be less obvious to the protective cellular response. ...
AFSC Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Expansion
AFSC Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Expansion

... showed positive OCT-4A staining (in green). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (in blue). ...
1 Request for Review of New Course Course Number: MCB 88
1 Request for Review of New Course Course Number: MCB 88

... In this course, we will work with a variety of datasets that describe a molecular view of cells and how they divide. We will learn about the processes that cause cells to become specialized (differentiate) and to give rise to cancer (transform). We will analyze data on genetic mutations in cancer th ...
Chapter 1 Lecture Notes
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... i. Are normally found on the skin, in the oral-nasal cavities, in the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and urogenital tract. ii. Are normally not found in the blood, CSF, muscle, nervous tissue, or bone. iii. Prevent growth of pathogens by competing with them for resources. iv. Secrete toxins tha ...
Selection of the Correct Targets for Immunostimulation Study
Selection of the Correct Targets for Immunostimulation Study

Lymphatic and Immune System
Lymphatic and Immune System

... develop from stem cells in the red bone marrow recognize only one antigen circulate continuously or settle down in the lymph nodes clonal selection: after a lymphocyte binds with its antigen it begins to make exact copies of itself – memory cells: clones that reside in lymphatic tissue, ready to res ...
basic immunology - School of Physical Sciences
basic immunology - School of Physical Sciences

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS)
Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS)

... sciuri. These bacteria are Gram-positive, catalasepositive, and are differentiated from Staph aureus because they are considered minor environmental pathogens, making up only 5-10% of clinical mastitis cases. Note that although most Staph species in this category are truly coagulase-negative, some s ...
The Immune System and Disease
The Immune System and Disease

... For ethical reasons, Steere did not try to infect healthy children with the bacterium However, when the bacterium was injected into laboratory mice, they developed arthritis and other symptoms, just as the ...
immunotherapy by donor T lymphocytes
immunotherapy by donor T lymphocytes

...  Allospecific serums (obtained from multiple natal to 6 weeks after birth, obtained by vaccination of volunteers, or commercially prepared sets of typing serums (monoclonal antibodies))  Principle - the incubation of lymphocytes with typing serums in the presence of rabbit complement, then is adde ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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