High School Chemistry Essential Questions
... 2. What observations about chemical systems and chemical interactions lead us to form the physical, graphical, and mathematical models that we use to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? 3. How do we use the physical models, s ...
... 2. What observations about chemical systems and chemical interactions lead us to form the physical, graphical, and mathematical models that we use to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? 3. How do we use the physical models, s ...
19 Chapter
... • Scientists and engineers use models to represent things that are difficult to visualize—or picture in your mind. • Scaled-down models allow you to see either something too large to see all at once, or something that has not been built yet. • Scaled-up models are often used to visualize things that ...
... • Scientists and engineers use models to represent things that are difficult to visualize—or picture in your mind. • Scaled-down models allow you to see either something too large to see all at once, or something that has not been built yet. • Scaled-up models are often used to visualize things that ...
INERT GASES -
... contribution. The net force operating on the represel ktative molecule can be expressed as a "two-body" force, acting between the molecule on one hand and its neighbors on the oth er. The bulk property is then obtained by adding up these effects for all the molecules which are present, assuming that ...
... contribution. The net force operating on the represel ktative molecule can be expressed as a "two-body" force, acting between the molecule on one hand and its neighbors on the oth er. The bulk property is then obtained by adding up these effects for all the molecules which are present, assuming that ...
Name - cloudfront.net
... Which of the following atoms would have the greatest velocity if each atom had the same kinetic energy? a) ammonia, or b) hydrogen The tendency of molecules to move from high concentration toward areas of lower concentration is called ____. What happens to the pressure of a gas inside a container if ...
... Which of the following atoms would have the greatest velocity if each atom had the same kinetic energy? a) ammonia, or b) hydrogen The tendency of molecules to move from high concentration toward areas of lower concentration is called ____. What happens to the pressure of a gas inside a container if ...
last year`s April exam
... B8) A laboratory experiment involving the chemical oxidation of three alcohols was carried out. These alcohols were labeled “A”, “B”, and “C”, but their actual identities were unknown. When the oxidation reaction was carried out on each of A, B, and C, it was found that C did not undergo oxidation, ...
... B8) A laboratory experiment involving the chemical oxidation of three alcohols was carried out. These alcohols were labeled “A”, “B”, and “C”, but their actual identities were unknown. When the oxidation reaction was carried out on each of A, B, and C, it was found that C did not undergo oxidation, ...
2 Atoms and Molecules
... In Chapter 1, we defined elements as homogeneous pure substances made up of identical atoms. At least 115 different elements are known to exist. This leads to the conclusion that a minimum of 115 different kinds of atoms exist. Eighty-eight of the elements are naturally occurring and therefore are f ...
... In Chapter 1, we defined elements as homogeneous pure substances made up of identical atoms. At least 115 different elements are known to exist. This leads to the conclusion that a minimum of 115 different kinds of atoms exist. Eighty-eight of the elements are naturally occurring and therefore are f ...
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation FOURTH EDITION by Steven
... • Compound - a distinct substance that is composed of atoms of two or more elements • Each element represented by its letter symbol • The number of atoms of each element is written to the right of the element as a subscript (if there is only one atom, the 1 subscript is not written) NaCl ...
... • Compound - a distinct substance that is composed of atoms of two or more elements • Each element represented by its letter symbol • The number of atoms of each element is written to the right of the element as a subscript (if there is only one atom, the 1 subscript is not written) NaCl ...
CHM 151LL: States of Matter: Physical and Chemical Changes
... In a pure substance every particle in the sample would look the same. In a drawing of a pure substance, every particle in the material looks the same. In a drawing of a mixture, different components of the mixture will look different. A mixture contains different atoms, molecules, and/or compounds a ...
... In a pure substance every particle in the sample would look the same. In a drawing of a pure substance, every particle in the material looks the same. In a drawing of a mixture, different components of the mixture will look different. A mixture contains different atoms, molecules, and/or compounds a ...
Note Sheets and Sample Problems
... charge within the atom and the “plum pudding” model was born. Lord Kelvin may have played a role in the development of this model. [the British call every dessert pudding—we’d call it raisin bread where the raisins were the electrons randomly distributed throughout the + bread] ...
... charge within the atom and the “plum pudding” model was born. Lord Kelvin may have played a role in the development of this model. [the British call every dessert pudding—we’d call it raisin bread where the raisins were the electrons randomly distributed throughout the + bread] ...
432 Final Exam Study Guide
... A. 41 kPa B. 1900 mm Hg C. 3.0 x 102 mm Hg D. 2.5 kPa ____6. According to kinetic theory, gases consist of particles that A. occupy considerable volume B. are relatively close together C. exert attractive and repulsive forces on other particles D. have motion that is constant, random, and rapid ___7 ...
... A. 41 kPa B. 1900 mm Hg C. 3.0 x 102 mm Hg D. 2.5 kPa ____6. According to kinetic theory, gases consist of particles that A. occupy considerable volume B. are relatively close together C. exert attractive and repulsive forces on other particles D. have motion that is constant, random, and rapid ___7 ...
Practice Test #1
... The average velocity of the gas particles is directly proportional to the pressure. Gas particles are very small compared with the average distance between particlesGas particles collide with the walls of their container and in doing so give rise to pressure. Gasesare made up of tiny particles in co ...
... The average velocity of the gas particles is directly proportional to the pressure. Gas particles are very small compared with the average distance between particlesGas particles collide with the walls of their container and in doing so give rise to pressure. Gasesare made up of tiny particles in co ...
Powerpoint notes
... SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance. • 1 mole (mol) = 6.02 x 1023 particles • “particles” may be atoms, molecules, or formula units ...
... SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance. • 1 mole (mol) = 6.02 x 1023 particles • “particles” may be atoms, molecules, or formula units ...
Balancing RedOx reactions handout
... 1. Determine the oxidation numbers for all atoms in the reaction. 2. Determine which atom is being oxidized and which is being reduced. 3. Write a half reaction for the reduction process (addition of electrons…electrons added to the left side). 4. Write a half reaction for the oxidation process (los ...
... 1. Determine the oxidation numbers for all atoms in the reaction. 2. Determine which atom is being oxidized and which is being reduced. 3. Write a half reaction for the reduction process (addition of electrons…electrons added to the left side). 4. Write a half reaction for the oxidation process (los ...
Chapter 8
... Completely filled ns and np subshells. Highest ionization energy of all elements. No tendency to accept extra electrons. ...
... Completely filled ns and np subshells. Highest ionization energy of all elements. No tendency to accept extra electrons. ...
MidtermReview2012
... 3. When a small amount of carbon is mixed in with molten iron, the cooled resulting alloy is called steel. Would you consider the iron to be changed physically or chemically? Explain. ...
... 3. When a small amount of carbon is mixed in with molten iron, the cooled resulting alloy is called steel. Would you consider the iron to be changed physically or chemically? Explain. ...
View Transcript - Cengage Learning
... colorless liquid. And finally, you can take this on to infinity. In other words, any molecule that has a molecular formula CN H2N ON is going to give exactly the same empirical formula. So we know more, but we still don’t know what our unknown is. In order to get a better idea of what our unknown is ...
... colorless liquid. And finally, you can take this on to infinity. In other words, any molecule that has a molecular formula CN H2N ON is going to give exactly the same empirical formula. So we know more, but we still don’t know what our unknown is. In order to get a better idea of what our unknown is ...
Radioactivity2015
... of uranium changes into an atom of thorium. • The general process of atoms changing into different elements is known as transmutation. • These alpha particles are less dangerous than other forms of radiation. • Their large mass insures that they do not penetrate very far into materials. • This is a ...
... of uranium changes into an atom of thorium. • The general process of atoms changing into different elements is known as transmutation. • These alpha particles are less dangerous than other forms of radiation. • Their large mass insures that they do not penetrate very far into materials. • This is a ...
Chemical Equations
... 'produces'. The chemical formulas on the left represent the starting substances, called reactants. The substances produced by the reaction are shown on the right, and are called products. The numbers in front of the formulas are called coefficients (the number '1' is usually omitted). ...
... 'produces'. The chemical formulas on the left represent the starting substances, called reactants. The substances produced by the reaction are shown on the right, and are called products. The numbers in front of the formulas are called coefficients (the number '1' is usually omitted). ...
ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
... Electron configurations represent the way electrons are arranged in atoms. The Aufbau principle states that electrons enter the __________________ energy first. This causes difficulties because of the ________________ of orbitals of different energies. At most there can be only 2 electrons per orbit ...
... Electron configurations represent the way electrons are arranged in atoms. The Aufbau principle states that electrons enter the __________________ energy first. This causes difficulties because of the ________________ of orbitals of different energies. At most there can be only 2 electrons per orbit ...
Subatomic Particles
... • Some elements have more affinity than others • We measure affinity and call it electronegativity • The higher the electronegativity, the more the element wants electrons – Fluorine has the highest electronegativity – Highest top right and weak bottom left ...
... • Some elements have more affinity than others • We measure affinity and call it electronegativity • The higher the electronegativity, the more the element wants electrons – Fluorine has the highest electronegativity – Highest top right and weak bottom left ...
Naming Atoms — Elements, Ions and Isotopes
... Though electrons have the same, but opposite, charge as that of protons, their mass is extremely small compared to the protons and neutrons, which are approximately of equal mass. The mass of the atom is therefore determined by adding together the masses of the protons and neutrons. The total numbe ...
... Though electrons have the same, but opposite, charge as that of protons, their mass is extremely small compared to the protons and neutrons, which are approximately of equal mass. The mass of the atom is therefore determined by adding together the masses of the protons and neutrons. The total numbe ...
Unit 1: Basic Chemistry for Biology QUIZ STUDY GUIDE Things to
... -You will see 12 of them on the quiz tomorrow. ...
... -You will see 12 of them on the quiz tomorrow. ...
Slide 1 ______
... Energy continued Energy can change form. Chemical potential energy in gasoline becomes mechanical energy driving the pistons and radiant energy in heat, Chemical energy in foods are converted to usable mechanical energy in our bodies or stored as other forms of potential energy. ...
... Energy continued Energy can change form. Chemical potential energy in gasoline becomes mechanical energy driving the pistons and radiant energy in heat, Chemical energy in foods are converted to usable mechanical energy in our bodies or stored as other forms of potential energy. ...
History of molecular theory
In chemistry, the history of molecular theory traces the origins of the concept or idea of the existence of strong chemical bonds between two or more atoms.The modern concept of molecules can be traced back towards pre-scientific Greek philosophers such as Leucippus who argued that all the universe is composed of atoms and voids. Circa 450 BC Empedocles imagined fundamental elements (fire (20px), earth (20px), air (20px), and water (20px)) and ""forces"" of attraction and repulsion allowing the elements to interact. Prior to this, Heraclitus had claimed that fire or change was fundamental to our existence, created through the combination of opposite properties. In the Timaeus, Plato, following Pythagoras, considered mathematical entities such as number, point, line and triangle as the fundamental building blocks or elements of this ephemeral world, and considered the four elements of fire, air, water and earth as states of substances through which the true mathematical principles or elements would pass. A fifth element, the incorruptible quintessence aether, was considered to be the fundamental building block of the heavenly bodies. The viewpoint of Leucippus and Empedocles, along with the aether, was accepted by Aristotle and passed to medieval and renaissance Europe. A modern conceptualization of molecules began to develop in the 19th century along with experimental evidence for pure chemical elements and how individual atoms of different chemical substances such as hydrogen and oxygen can combine to form chemically stable molecules such as water molecules.