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PDF - SAS Publishers
PDF - SAS Publishers

... Abstract: Musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) arises from the lateral cord (C5-C7)of the brachial plexus. It is the nerve of the anterior compartment of arm. The median nerve (MN) has two roots from the medial (C8,T1)and lateral (C5,C6,C7) cords of the brachial plexus. During routine dissection of upper li ...
1409 Lab Manual - Austin Community College
1409 Lab Manual - Austin Community College

... Course Specific Precautions (PIN Biol 1409) 1. Do not bring food or drinks into the lab room. 2. Learn the locations of the vent switch, safety shower, extinguisher, glass disposal boxes, discarded tissue buckets, first aid kit and spill kits and be able to use each 3. Wash lab benches with lysol sp ...
Bilateral variation of facial artery and its implication for facial surgery
Bilateral variation of facial artery and its implication for facial surgery

... Face is supplied by the three main arterial trunks: the facial, transverse facial and infraorbital arteries. Facial artery is known to show some variation in its origin, course and branching pattern. It gives three branches on the face, the inferior labial, superior labial and the lateral nasal and ...
Title Morphologic characteristics of the superior pharyngeal
Title Morphologic characteristics of the superior pharyngeal

... superior area; and Type C, complete lack of membrane. The muscle at this part originates from the pterygomandibular raphe, which is also the origin of the buccinator muscle. In the past reports, different expressions about the pterygomandibular raphe were used such as "the sphenoid tendon between th ...
anatomical variations in the ansa cervicalis
anatomical variations in the ansa cervicalis

... Background: – Infrahyoid muscles are supplied by the ansa cervicalis. The present study aimed to study the variations in the ansa cervicalis and the innervation of infrahyoid muscles. Methods: The study was conducted on 40 cadaveric hemi-necks. Results: Out of the 40 hemi-necks, high level of ansa c ...
Manuscript (Kawakami)
Manuscript (Kawakami)

... The characteristics and properties of the MMG in biceps, quadriceps, and lower-back muscles have been reported in several studies (Kimura et al., 2004; Ryan et al., 2008a; Yoshitake et al., 2001). However, there are only few studies (Ioi et al., 2008) using MMG on the masseter muscle, and to date, n ...
Replaced right hepatic artery and its segmental distribution
Replaced right hepatic artery and its segmental distribution

... A case of replaced right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery is presented with its segmental distribution and the morphometric features. The case was encountered in a 66-year-old formalin-fixed male cadaver during dissection for undergraduate lab education. Length and diameter ...
Pdf - McMed International
Pdf - McMed International

... septum. The tendon passes behind the superior extensor retinaculum and within the loop of the inferior extensor retinaculum it shares with extensor digitorum longus. Peroneus tertius lies lateral to extensor digitorum longus. It is inserted into the medial part of the dorsal surface of the base of t ...
A duplicate obturator foramen – a report of rare variation
A duplicate obturator foramen – a report of rare variation

... The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone. It anatomical features were studied in detail by examination of is bounded superiorly by the obturator surface of the pubic the lateral and pelvic surfaces and appropriate morphometric body and the obturator groove; inferiorly by the ischial ...
Lingual foramina on the mandibular midline
Lingual foramina on the mandibular midline

... The purpose of the present study was to determine the incidence, size, location, course, and content of the foramina and bony canals located on the lingual side of the mandibular midline. Fifty dry human mandibles were morphometrically analyzed by measuring the distances of these midline foramina fr ...
ESGO 2016.indb - ESGO eAcademy
ESGO 2016.indb - ESGO eAcademy

... clamped, divided, and ligated. When we cut the uterine branch of the pelvic nerves, there is a feeling resembling a stretched string breaking with a snap (Figure 11A). After the division of the uterine branch, the hypogastric nerve, the pelvic splanchnic nerve and the bladder branch of the inferior ...
Anatomy and Embryology of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus
Anatomy and Embryology of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus

... comprehensive observations of this region had been made as early as 1543 by Andreas Vesalius through anatomic dissections.1 However, anatomy of this region, especially that of the rectum and anal canal, is so intrinsically related to its physiology that much can be appreciated only in the living. Th ...
the palate
the palate

... the palate and in its anterior part can be distinguished from 3 to 6 transverse ridges, plicae palatinae transversum, that are well developed in new-born, having an important role in sucking The palatine seam, raphe palati ends in front between the medial incisors forming a small prominence named in ...
this PDF file - International Journal of Chemical and Life
this PDF file - International Journal of Chemical and Life

... Variation of superficial veins of head and neck though common, important clinically. Bertha et al., (2011) [1] found in three specimens, the common facial vein opened into the external jugular vein. In one specimen, on the right side, the common facial vein ran separately for almost the whole length ...
Biliary Anatomy and Physiology
Biliary Anatomy and Physiology

... Ascending from the duodenum, the common bile duct may join with the pancreatic duct in the wall of the duodenum, within the pancreas prior to insertion into the duodenal wall, or may enter the duodenum separately from the pancreatic duct ...
Origins of the middle meningeal artery and its probable
Origins of the middle meningeal artery and its probable

... Alegre: Artes Médicas, 1992. GREENBERG, DA., AMINOFF, MJ. and SIMON, RP. Neurologia clínica. 5. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2005. ...
Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Cruciate Ligaments
Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Cruciate Ligaments

... The complex interaction between ACL and PCL at varying degrees of flexion and extension helps account for the dynamic stability of the knee joint. The length and tension of the ACL and the PCL change during flexion and extension owing to their asymmetric insertion sites. In full extension, the ACL i ...
Hernias, and Intraperitoneal abscess
Hernias, and Intraperitoneal abscess

... hernias are trapped by the narrow neck Sliding hernia is one in which the wall of a viscus forms a portion of the wall of the hernia sac. It is may be colon ( on the left), cecum (on the right) or bladder (on either side). Belongs to irreducible hernia ...
Unusual Topography of Posterior Antebrachial
Unusual Topography of Posterior Antebrachial

... Bilateral subluxation of the trapeziometacarpal joint has been attributed to abnormal insertion of APL tendon and an atrophic EPB tendon (Yuasa & Kiyoshige, 1996). It is our humble assumption that such abnormal fusion of APL and EPB may lead to unexplained instability of the trapeziometacarpal joint ...
Cranial Nerves Organization of the Cranial Nerves The cranial
Cranial Nerves Organization of the Cranial Nerves The cranial

... canal in the posterior wall of the middle ear . It runs forward over the medial surface of the upper part of the tympanic membrane and leaves the middle ear through the petrotympanic fissure, thus entering the infratemporal fossa and joining the lingual nerve. The chorda tympani contains preganglion ...
Morphological and degenerative changes in a suspected post
Morphological and degenerative changes in a suspected post

... of this condition include bony alterations post-trauma, however little evidence exists to support this theory. Furthermore, the likely alterations to joint morphology over time as a result of this condition - including possible degenerative changes - have not been highlighted. We describe a case of ...
The structural characterization of the lacrimal gland in the adult dog
The structural characterization of the lacrimal gland in the adult dog

... secreted mainly via the lacrimal gland. In addition, mucosubstances and lacrimal proteins include lysozyme, lactoferrin and growth factors are secreted from the lacrimal gland. Therefore, it plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy environment for the ocular surface (Fullard and Snyder, 1990 ...
Detailed reconstruction of the musculature inLimnognathia maerski
Detailed reconstruction of the musculature inLimnognathia maerski

... composed of six main elements: i) The median, ventralmost basal plate with posterior stems and anterior flattened and toothed manus, ii) the large and conspicuous ventral fibularium made of different chambers containing cells, extending dorso-laterally, iii) the latero-ventral ventral jaws (pseudoph ...
Passive mechanics of canine internal abdominal muscles
Passive mechanics of canine internal abdominal muscles

... volume recruitment. In humans, De Troyer et al. (6) demonstrated preferential recruitment of TA to the superficial muscles of the abdominal wall during breathing as well as low threshold for abdominal muscle recruitment during expiration, whereas in dogs, Farkas et al. (8) confirmed that preferentia ...
Anatomy and Biology Catalog
Anatomy and Biology Catalog

... included in the CD-ROM Guide. This model is without question a valuable addition to any biology or anatomy course. The open back exposes muscular layers as well as the vertebral column and associated nerve branches. A thoracic vertebra, including a section of spinal cord, is removable for close exam ...
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Anatomy



Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. In some of its facets, anatomy is related to embryology and comparative anatomy, which itself is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny. Human anatomy is one of the basic essential sciences of medicine.The discipline of anatomy is divided into macroscopic and microscopic anatomy. Macroscopic anatomy, or gross anatomy, is the examination of an animal’s body parts using unaided eyesight. Gross anatomy also includes the branch of superficial anatomy. Microscopic anatomy involves the use of optical instruments in the study of the tissues of various structures, known as histology and also in the study of cells.The history of anatomy is characterized by a progressive understanding of the functions of the organs and structures of the human body. Methods have also improved dramatically, advancing from the examination of animals by dissection of carcasses and cadavers (corpses) to 20th century medical imaging techniques including X-ray, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.
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