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Ahmed Refaat_Chapter1
Ahmed Refaat_Chapter1

... adjacent to popliteus muscle tendon, has no attachment to the capsule of knee joint and thus it is devoid of any penetrating perimeniscal vessels. The synovial tissue gives a small reflection throughout the peripheral border of the medial meniscus on both its femoral and tibial surface. This “synovi ...
INQUIRY QUESTION How do bones and joints assist
INQUIRY QUESTION How do bones and joints assist

... The vertebral column (also called the spine) provides the central structure for the maintenance of good posture. If a person maintains the correct levels of strength and flexibility in all the muscle groups that connect with the vertebral column, then they are likely to avoid postural problems. The ...
get on my nerves
get on my nerves

... (1% solution) should be performed • Poor response to cocaine confirms the diagnosis of HS • Response to hydroxyamphetamine helps determine if the Horner’s is pre or postganglionic ...
Introduction to Human Anatomy
Introduction to Human Anatomy

... Ciliated columnar and cuboidal epithelium: They are ciliated. Border of cell containing cilia contains basal particles in a row. They are found in trachea, fallopian tubes, CNS etc. Functions: 1. Ciliary movement to maintain flow of mucus in one direction 2. In CNS, its function is suggested to be c ...
Lecture 19 - Vessels and Circulation
Lecture 19 - Vessels and Circulation

... which has been to the placenta for oxygenation (by gas diffusion from mom’s blood)  The pair of umbilical arteries (branches from baby’s internal iliac arteries) carry blood to placenta to pick up oxygen and ...
The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the
The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the

... distinctive for the dermal scales covering the exterior surface of its foot. These iron-sulfide coated sclerites, and its nutritional dependence on endosymbiotic bacteria, are both noted as adaptations to the extreme environment in the flow of hydrogen sulfide. We present evidence for other adaptati ...
exam 1
exam 1

... Biol 353 ...
Lab 8. Arthropods
Lab 8. Arthropods

... cephalothorax and the abdomen. The cephalothorax consists of the cephalic (or head) region and the thoracic region. The part of the exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax is called the carapace. The abdomen is located behind the cephalothorax and consists of six clearly divided segments. The ceph ...
pdf
pdf

... of athletica pubalgia in fact incorporates a wide range of patholgies/injuries related to anterior pelvic stability. Imaging therefore plays an important role in defining the causative pathology/injury. MRI and ultrasound are both used for this purpose, however in this poster we will concentrate sol ...
Variation in the Insertion of Brachialis Muscle
Variation in the Insertion of Brachialis Muscle

... muscular mass (which is supplied by ventral rami of spinal nerves) and a part of it is formed from the dorsal or extensor pre muscular mass (which is supplied by dorsal rami of spinal nerves). Some author state brachialis arose only from ventral pre muscular mass and branch of radial nerve which sup ...
Clasping of subscapular artery by radial nerve Kuwar RB, Bilodi AKS
Clasping of subscapular artery by radial nerve Kuwar RB, Bilodi AKS

... of Anatomy, Nepalgunj Medical College, ChisapaniBanke, Nepal. The formation of brachial plexus and its relations with arteries were studied. The branches of brachial plexus were carefully separated, studied along the subscapular artery. ...
Ear study with 64 slices Multidetector CT
Ear study with 64 slices Multidetector CT

... 18). Volumetric images provide information about the anatomy of the ossicular chain, the inner ear and its relationship to vascular structures, the carotid artery and the internal jugular vein. Curve reconstructions enable to ‘unroll’ the cochlea, getting insight into its morphology and dimensions. ...
Bio 5-6 Fetal Pig Dissection
Bio 5-6 Fetal Pig Dissection

... beings. These include the umbilical cord and the circulatory structures which are specialized for fetal circulation. As the fetal pig is dissected and studied, the structures identified should be compared with those of the human. Dissection is not merely ‘‘cutting” the animal, but a systematic techn ...
Study Guide Exam 3
Study Guide Exam 3

... 1. Understand open and closed circulatory systems. Know which phyla have each type, as well as which phyla have no circulatory system and why they don’t need a circulatory system. Know what hemolymph is in those phyla with open circulatory systems. 2. Understand the vertebrate circulatory system wit ...
unusual origin of third head of biceps brachii – a case report
unusual origin of third head of biceps brachii – a case report

... ligament and descends in the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. The short head takes its origin from the coracoid process of the scapula along with coracobrachialis. The two heads of biceps brachii descend separately up to 7cm above the elbow joint where they fuse together to form a common tendo ...
LATERAL NECK MASSES Prof. Alam
LATERAL NECK MASSES Prof. Alam

... • Benign lesions: superficial parotidectomy • Complete excision may be required • Malignant lesions are treated by total parotidectomy, & facial nerve should be ...
variation in the structure of levator glandulae
variation in the structure of levator glandulae

... 17 (28.3%) cases, and in 9 cases it merged with the fascia covering the thyroid cartilage7. Faysal et al. observed an unusual case in which LGT extended from the apex of the mastoid process8. Enayetullah found LGT in 32% cases and its association with pyramidal lobe in 22% cases. In most cases LGT w ...
Surgical Approaches to the Oropharynx
Surgical Approaches to the Oropharynx

...  Bilateral level I (at least) neck dissections  Identification of hypoglossal and lingual n.  Floor of mouth mucosa and extrinsic tongue muscles are divided – “dropping” the tongue into the neck  Lingual n. and sublingual gland kept with ...
CUBITAL FOSSA
CUBITAL FOSSA

... The contents of the fossa from medial to lateral are: ...
cubital fossa
cubital fossa

... The contents of the fossa from medial to lateral are: ...
ANATOMY OSPE2017-02-28 08:406.6 MB
ANATOMY OSPE2017-02-28 08:406.6 MB

... through the diaphragm can be remembered by the number of letters contained in each structure: Vena Cava (8 letters) – Passes through the diaphragm at T8. Oesophagus (10 letters) – Passes through the diaphragm at T10. Aortic Hiatus (12 letters) – "Passes" through the diaphragm at T12 Mnemonic of majo ...
y - كلية طب الاسنان
y - كلية طب الاسنان

... pole of the lateral lobe of thyroid gland. (b) Lingual artery passes forward and rests on the middle constrictor, where it is crossed superficially by the hypoglossal nerve. The artery then disappears deep to hyoglossus. (c) Facial artery proceeds upward and forward beneath the posterior belly of di ...
A case of middle turbinate absence
A case of middle turbinate absence

... of rhinosinusitis; these authors underlined that on coronal CT scan the septal spur substituted the space normally occupied by middle turbinate [5]. In our observation we found neither septal spur nor septal deviation, inferior turbinates were normally developed and there were no signs of surgery in ...
y. - كلية طب الاسنان
y. - كلية طب الاسنان

... fascia. The investing layer ‫الطبقة المغلقة‬of deep cervical fascia splits to envelope the gland and the inner leaf ‫ صفحة‬passes up to the base of the skull. The outer leaf extends superiorly as the parotidomasseteric fascia and reaches up to the zygomatic arch. On the gland, the fascia tends to be ...
Snake Anatomy - Mihalko Family
Snake Anatomy - Mihalko Family

... Scales are formed largely of keratin derived from the epidermis. As the snake grows, which they do their entire lives (growth just slows as they get older), this outer layer of epidermis sheds off. New scales grow beneath the older outer scales. Eventually, the outer layer sheds off, usually in one ...
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History of anatomy



The history of anatomy extends from the earliest examinations of sacrificial victims to the sophisticated analyses of the body performed by modern scientists. It has been characterized, over time, by a continually developing understanding of the functions of organs and structures in the body. Human anatomy was the most prominent of the biological sciences of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Methods have also improved dramatically.
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