Rise of Rome - Issaquah Connect
... spot for its great location and fertile soil • Established in the first millennium B.C. on the plain of Latium ...
... spot for its great location and fertile soil • Established in the first millennium B.C. on the plain of Latium ...
Roman Conquests of Italy
... Background to the Pyrrhic War • As we saw in the Samnite Wars, Italy was made up of many different groups; Samnites, Etruscans, Latins, Umbrians, Sabines, Campanians etc. • The Samnite Wars finished in 290BC with Rome cementing its control of Samnium and Latin territory. • However, Rome had not att ...
... Background to the Pyrrhic War • As we saw in the Samnite Wars, Italy was made up of many different groups; Samnites, Etruscans, Latins, Umbrians, Sabines, Campanians etc. • The Samnite Wars finished in 290BC with Rome cementing its control of Samnium and Latin territory. • However, Rome had not att ...
Abstract
... disappearance of local coinages clearly indicates (Burnett & Crawford 1987: iv). However, aside from the successful introduction of the denarius system, which would persist for centuries, there are few long-term changes in the Roman economy that one can attribute directly to the war. In many respect ...
... disappearance of local coinages clearly indicates (Burnett & Crawford 1987: iv). However, aside from the successful introduction of the denarius system, which would persist for centuries, there are few long-term changes in the Roman economy that one can attribute directly to the war. In many respect ...
Guided Notes Rise of Rome The Geography
... The Romans needed laws to address ____________________ that arose between ____________ _______________________ citizens. ...
... The Romans needed laws to address ____________________ that arose between ____________ _______________________ citizens. ...
Romans were the aggressors of the first Punic War
... analysed. They justified their involvement by claiming it was pre-emptive defence, however, their actions present themselves as rather more aggressive. Defending the Mamertines was inconsistent and hypocritical as the Romans had, in the very similar case of Campanians sieging Rhegium, publicly scour ...
... analysed. They justified their involvement by claiming it was pre-emptive defence, however, their actions present themselves as rather more aggressive. Defending the Mamertines was inconsistent and hypocritical as the Romans had, in the very similar case of Campanians sieging Rhegium, publicly scour ...
Military history of ancient Rome
... • What role did Rome’s military play in its expansion from a relatively small city-state to an empire? ...
... • What role did Rome’s military play in its expansion from a relatively small city-state to an empire? ...
3.4 Punic Wars
... Scipio convinced the Roman government of they were to defeat Carthage they would have to take the fight to Carthage itself. So a force of 30000 Romans sailed to North Africa with Hannibal still in Italy • defeat Carthage • Hannibal returns to Carthage ...
... Scipio convinced the Roman government of they were to defeat Carthage they would have to take the fight to Carthage itself. So a force of 30000 Romans sailed to North Africa with Hannibal still in Italy • defeat Carthage • Hannibal returns to Carthage ...
Punic Wars - Johnson Graphic Design
... offer citizenship granted privileges keep customs, money, and local governments had to pay taxes loyal to Rome supplied Roman army with troops. Roman soldiers stationed throughout the land Roads built to link territories to Rome. Latin emerges as the spoken language ...
... offer citizenship granted privileges keep customs, money, and local governments had to pay taxes loyal to Rome supplied Roman army with troops. Roman soldiers stationed throughout the land Roads built to link territories to Rome. Latin emerges as the spoken language ...
Roman Republic 509 – 270 BC
... these farms was to keep the poor citizens happy and prevent rebellions. Tiberius wanted to create his farms on public land that wealthy citizens had illegally taken over. The public supported this idea, but the wealthy citizens opposed it. Conflict over the idea led to riots in the city, during whic ...
... these farms was to keep the poor citizens happy and prevent rebellions. Tiberius wanted to create his farms on public land that wealthy citizens had illegally taken over. The public supported this idea, but the wealthy citizens opposed it. Conflict over the idea led to riots in the city, during whic ...
Age of the Caesars
... Rome was then able to invade Spain and drive out the Carthaginian armies. Hannibal was finally defeated by the Romans at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC, and another peace treaty followed. According to the terms of this treaty, Carthage agreed to disarm, pay an indemnity to Rome and hand over their Spa ...
... Rome was then able to invade Spain and drive out the Carthaginian armies. Hannibal was finally defeated by the Romans at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC, and another peace treaty followed. According to the terms of this treaty, Carthage agreed to disarm, pay an indemnity to Rome and hand over their Spa ...
Peace treaties and naval alliances during the Punic Wars (264
... type than could dress the opponent. The importance that the Roman authorities have granted the fleet and the role it played in the period 264-146 B.C. was highlighted by the fact that it was often commanded by the highest dignitary of the republic or subordinated by an interposer. The diplomacy had ...
... type than could dress the opponent. The importance that the Roman authorities have granted the fleet and the role it played in the period 264-146 B.C. was highlighted by the fact that it was often commanded by the highest dignitary of the republic or subordinated by an interposer. The diplomacy had ...
Ancient Rome - The Republic (Professor K. E. Carr)
... States President and Congress do today. But the only people who could be elected to the Roman Senate were the rich people! After another few years, the poor people of Rome still felt they were not being treated right. They made the aristocrats agree that the poor men could also elect tribunes. Tribu ...
... States President and Congress do today. But the only people who could be elected to the Roman Senate were the rich people! After another few years, the poor people of Rome still felt they were not being treated right. They made the aristocrats agree that the poor men could also elect tribunes. Tribu ...
By the end of the mid-Republic, Rome had achieved
... confrontation, the Greek colony appealed for military aid toPyrrhus, ruler of the northwestern Greek kingdom of Epirus.Motivated by a personal desire for military accomplishment, Pyrrhus landed a Greek army of some 25,000 men on Italian soil in 280 BCE.Despite early victories, Pyrrhus found his pos ...
... confrontation, the Greek colony appealed for military aid toPyrrhus, ruler of the northwestern Greek kingdom of Epirus.Motivated by a personal desire for military accomplishment, Pyrrhus landed a Greek army of some 25,000 men on Italian soil in 280 BCE.Despite early victories, Pyrrhus found his pos ...
File
... Beneventum ("good wind"). The undisputed master of Italy, Rome extended the Via Appia eastward and turned its attention to cities beyond the shores of Italy. An immediate result of the war was the fact that other superpowers of the time began to notice Rome. Carthage in north Africa was the first, a ...
... Beneventum ("good wind"). The undisputed master of Italy, Rome extended the Via Appia eastward and turned its attention to cities beyond the shores of Italy. An immediate result of the war was the fact that other superpowers of the time began to notice Rome. Carthage in north Africa was the first, a ...
Chapter 5 - Mr. Wilson`s Global History
... II. Res Publica –that which belongs to the people or what we call a republic. ...
... II. Res Publica –that which belongs to the people or what we call a republic. ...
ROMAN EXPANSION & THE PUNIC WARS
... • The Romans also set up permanent military settlements called COLONIAE to defend strategic locations. ...
... • The Romans also set up permanent military settlements called COLONIAE to defend strategic locations. ...
The Punic Wars
... • Prior to the Punic Wars, Rome battled with its neighbors to expand. Greece had many colonies in southern Italy which was known as Magna Graecia. ...
... • Prior to the Punic Wars, Rome battled with its neighbors to expand. Greece had many colonies in southern Italy which was known as Magna Graecia. ...
alternative chapter 5 notes
... themselves and in 60 BC formed the First Triumvirate -- the Rule of Three Men. Caesar controlled the armies of Northern Italy. He tried to gain military glory by taking over southern Germany, France, Switzerland, and parts of Austria. Crassus crushed the salve rebellion led by Spartacus, and then we ...
... themselves and in 60 BC formed the First Triumvirate -- the Rule of Three Men. Caesar controlled the armies of Northern Italy. He tried to gain military glory by taking over southern Germany, France, Switzerland, and parts of Austria. Crassus crushed the salve rebellion led by Spartacus, and then we ...
Rise of Rome - Alvinisd.net
... The Romans also developed laws that affected the entire Mediterranean world of the day, and later generations to come. VI. The Romans needed laws to address legal questions that arose between Roman and non-Roman citizens. VII. They developed universal laws based on reason, which established standard ...
... The Romans also developed laws that affected the entire Mediterranean world of the day, and later generations to come. VI. The Romans needed laws to address legal questions that arose between Roman and non-Roman citizens. VII. They developed universal laws based on reason, which established standard ...
Document
... The Romans established a republic. This is a form of government in which citizens elect their leaders. This began a new era in Rome’s history. Rome was still a small city when it established its republic, and surrounded by different groups of people. Over the next 200 years the Romans fought many wa ...
... The Romans established a republic. This is a form of government in which citizens elect their leaders. This began a new era in Rome’s history. Rome was still a small city when it established its republic, and surrounded by different groups of people. Over the next 200 years the Romans fought many wa ...
File - Mr. Sager World History
... Punic Wars Reading Questions – answer these questions as you read thru “The Punic Wars” 1. Which region located on the North African coast was offering competition to Rome for power? 2. Which group of people settled Carthage? 3. Carthage had become a great ____________________ competition and led th ...
... Punic Wars Reading Questions – answer these questions as you read thru “The Punic Wars” 1. Which region located on the North African coast was offering competition to Rome for power? 2. Which group of people settled Carthage? 3. Carthage had become a great ____________________ competition and led th ...
AW12
... Livy did the best they could – But the scarcity and unreliabliity of documents, records, stories, and lists they found meant they could not be accepted at face value – Modern methodologies have been used the information provided by Livy » But yawning gaps still persist and intelligent speculation mu ...
... Livy did the best they could – But the scarcity and unreliabliity of documents, records, stories, and lists they found meant they could not be accepted at face value – Modern methodologies have been used the information provided by Livy » But yawning gaps still persist and intelligent speculation mu ...
File
... The Romans did not have a high opinion of women. Women had to have male guardians at all times and, early in the republic, they could not divorce. Women were married very young, around 12-14 years old. Later, in the Roman Empire, women gained the right to file ...
... The Romans did not have a high opinion of women. Women had to have male guardians at all times and, early in the republic, they could not divorce. Women were married very young, around 12-14 years old. Later, in the Roman Empire, women gained the right to file ...
Socii
The socii (/ˈsoʊʃiaɪ/ in English; ""allies"") were the autonomous tribes and city-states of the Italian Peninsula in permanent military alliance with the Roman Republic until the Social War of 91–88 BC. After this conflict, all Rome's peninsular Italian allies were awarded Roman citizenship and their territories incorporated in the Roman state. The Romans themselves referred to their confederates as the socii Latini (""Latin allies""), although most were not members of the Latin tribe strictly speaking, but members of various other Italian tribes and city-states. In everyday usage, the word socius /ˈsoʊʃəs/ could mean ""associate"" or ""partner"" in general.The alliance had its origin in the foedus Cassianum (""Treaty of Cassius"", 493 BC) signed by the fledgling Roman republic with its neighbouring Latin city-states shortly after the overthrow of the Roman monarchy in 510 BC. This provided for mutual defence by the two parties on the basis of an equal contribution to the annual military levy, which was probably under Roman overall command. The terms of the treaty were probably more acceptable to the Latins than the previous type of Roman hegemony, that of the Tarquin kings, as the latter had probably required the payment of tribute and not a simple military obligation.The foedus served as the basic template for Rome's settlement with the large array of tribes and city-states of the whole Italian peninsula that it subjugated during the period 338–264 BC. At the start of this period, the original Latins were mostly granted Roman citizenship. But the terms of the foedus was extended to about 150 other tribes and city-states. When a state was defeated, a part of its territory would be annexed by Rome to provide land for Roman/Latin colonists. The latter, although Roman citizens, were required to give up their citizen rights on joining a colony, and accept the status of socii. This was in order that Latin colonies could act as ""watchdogs"" on the other socii in the allied military formations, the alae. The defeated state would be allowed to keep the rest of its territory in return for binding itself to Rome with a perpetual treaty of military alliance. This would require the ally to ""have the same friends and enemies as Rome"", effectively prohibiting war against other socii and surrendering foreign policy to Rome. Beyond this, the central, and in most cases sole, obligation on the ally to contribute to the confederate army, on demand, a number of fully equipped troops up to a specified maximum each year, to serve under Roman command.The Roman military alliance had fully evolved by 264 BC and remained for 200 years the basis of Roman military organisation. From 338 BC to 88 BC, Roman legions were invariably accompanied on campaign by roughly the same numbers of allied troops organised into two units called alae (literally: ""wings"", as allied troops would always be posted on the flanks of the Roman battle-line, with the Roman legions holding the centre). 75% of a normal consular army's cavalry was supplied by the Italian socii. Although the socii provided around half the levies raised by Rome in any given year, they had no say in how those troops were used. Foreign policy and war were matters exclusively in the hands of the Roman Consuls and the Roman Senate. The latter, in turn, was a narrow, self-perpetuating 300-strong clique of wealthy men who monopolised power in the Roman republic, despite the theoretical sovereignty of the Roman people.Despite the loss of independence and heavy military obligations, the system provided substantial benefits for the socii. Most importantly, they were freed from the constant threat of aggression from their neighbours that had existed in the anarchic centuries prior to the imposition of the pax Romana. In addition, the Roman alliance protected the Italian peninsula from external invasion, such as the periodic and devastating incursions of Gauls from the Po Valley. Although no longer in control of war and foreign policy, each socius remained otherwise fully autonomous, with its own laws, system of government, coinage and language. Moreover, the military burden was only half that shouldered by Roman citizens, as the latter numbered only about half the population of the socii, but provided around half the total levies. Despite this, allied troops were allowed to share war booty on a 50–50 basis with Romans.Despite these benefits, many socii rebelled against the alliance whenever the opportunity arose. The best opportunities were provided by the invasions of Italy by the Greek king Pyrrhus in 281–75 BC and by the Carthaginian general Hannibal in 218–03 BC. During these, many socii joined the invaders, mostly Oscan-speakers of southern Italy, most prominently the Samnite tribes, who were Rome's most implacable enemy. At the same time, however, many socii remained loyal, motivated primarily by antagonisms with neighbouring rebels. Even after Rome's disaster at the Battle of Cannae (216 BC), over half the socii (by population) did not defect and Rome's military alliance was ultimately victorious.In the century succeeding Hannibal's War (201–91 BC), Italy was no longer threatened by external invasion (save by the occasional Gallic or Germanic horde) and Rome and her allies embarked on aggressive expansion overseas, in Spain, Africa and the Balkans. Despite the fact that the alliance was no longer acting defensively, there was virtually no protest from the socii, most likely because the latter benefited equally in the enormous amounts of war booty yielded by these campaigns.But, beneath the surface, resentment was building among the socii about their second-class status as peregrini i.e. non-citizens (except for the Latin colonists, who could regain their citizenship by moving to Roman territory). The Roman military confederation now became a victim of its own success in forging a united nation out of the patchwork of ethnicities and states. The socii rebelled en masse, including many that had remained steadfast in the past, launching the so-called Social War. But, unlike on previous occasions, their aim was to join the Roman state as equal citizens, not to secede from it. Although the socii were defeated on the battlefield, they gained their main demand. By the end of the war in 88 BC, all inhabitants of peninsular Italy had been granted the right to apply for Roman citizenship.