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considerations on knowledge philosophy during the
considerations on knowledge philosophy during the

... and for the people that believed in them. Both Platonism and the other currents of ancient philosophy fully contributed to the creation of a genuine Renaissancespecific scientific spirit. Culianu therefore rejected any association between the Popperian term of science and the Renaissance sciences, p ...
philosophers. The guardians who are selected
philosophers. The guardians who are selected

... Plato therefore takes pains to distinguish the true philosopher from people who would pretend to be philosophers and have a false confidence in their wisdom. A philosopher, by definition, loves wisdom. Plato conceives this as a form of real love; and as love, must love the whole of the object – so p ...
PDF - Postgraduate Journal of Aesthetics
PDF - Postgraduate Journal of Aesthetics

... gods”.7 Nevertheless, there is evidence that these passages are to be taken as ironical and that the ‘inspiration theory’8 should be understood as critical of the rhapsode’s profession. In order to see what is wrong with inspiration according to Socrates, we must look at his account of inspiration i ...
Milton`s Attitude toward Knowledge in Paradise Lost
Milton`s Attitude toward Knowledge in Paradise Lost

... by “lik’ning spiritual to corporal forms.” But he cannot delineate it all, for there ...
transcendentalism - kroll patrol english!
transcendentalism - kroll patrol english!

... search for truth – in nature – through self-reliance ...
The matter of knowledge - America Saraswata Sangha
The matter of knowledge - America Saraswata Sangha

... philosophy can be said to be largely based on Aristotelian logic. However, Nyaya differs from Aristotelian logic in that it is more than logic in its own right. Its followers believed that obtaining valid knowledge was the only way to obtain release from suffering. They therefore took great pains to ...
Foundationalism
Foundationalism

... justify it by exhibiting how it was justified. In each case, I display a property my behavior and belief had prior to justifying it, namely it’s being justified. Finally, Foundationalism concerns a belief’s being justified, not justifying it. It is not a theory about the structure of the activity of ...
The Method – Analysis and Criticisms
The Method – Analysis and Criticisms

... because I have the evidence of the newspapers and the radio and the fact that my students and colleagues are behaving as if it were Wednesday. This evidence doesn’t rule out the possibility that I am the victim of some extremely complex hoax. But this remote possibility cannot undermine my ability t ...
The Beginnings of the Modern World
The Beginnings of the Modern World

... core and most foundational of them are the Bible, accepted Bible commentaries, Church documents and what little is known, in Europe, of the writings of the most prestigious philosophers of ancient times, the pagan Greeks, such as, Plato and Aristotle. Some Logic and Rhetoric, surviving from ancient ...
Epistemology, introduction
Epistemology, introduction

... any theories or human observation. This perspective dominates Western philosophical tradition which provides the foundation of Western science: reality is assumed to be objective, that is, it exists outside our perception. In this paradigm, neither the search for truth nor truth itself is problemati ...
In human life, there are many things people think they know with
In human life, there are many things people think they know with

... What make us know something? Is there any knowledge in the world that is so certain that no reasonable man could doubt it? According to Bertrand Russell, this last question, which at first sight might not seem difficult, is really one of the most difficult that can be asked. In daily life, we assume ...
Lean Hog -- February - Iowa State University
Lean Hog -- February - Iowa State University

... According to Descartes, we can’t know something unless we are so absolutely certain that it is true that we can’t doubt it. But if we accepted this, we would be forced to conclude that we know nothing at all, or almost nothing. It’s just wrong to say that we don’t know something just because we can ...
Reason and experience
Reason and experience

... to one another). We know these things by what might be called a priori intuition, the term 'a priori' meaning that they are known in advance , or independently, of experience. It is when we encounter the idea of a priori intuition that innate ideas may be thought important. Descartes would probably ...
epistemology - mrsmcfadyensspace
epistemology - mrsmcfadyensspace

... know’: it is what philosophers call knowledge by acquaintance. If I say that I know the paintings of Gauguin, or that I know the man who wrote the book or know the Beethoven Violin Concerto, then this means that I am acquainted with – I have been in some kind of contact with the man (whom I have met ...
Phronomoi Across Cultures: A Checklist
Phronomoi Across Cultures: A Checklist

... arguable, through to “within the ball park” and the merely “can’t be completely dismissed”). More needs to be said within Analytical Philosophy about these beliefs that impact upon our possession of truth and yet lack the empirical verifiability to count as solid science. For the time being scientif ...
"What is Bread?" The Anthropology of Belief - OpenBU
"What is Bread?" The Anthropology of Belief - OpenBU

... analysis to reveal how believers convince themselves that their beliefs are true. The introduction to the articles laid the groundwork for this approach by revisiting some previous debates about the nature of belief. In my concluding commentary I will build on this foundation by first describing id ...
lindholm_ethos
lindholm_ethos

... analysis to reveal how believers convince themselves that their beliefs are true. The introduction to the articles laid the groundwork for this approach by revisiting some previous debates about the nature of belief. In my concluding commentary I will build on this foundation by first describing id ...
Becky Clay Dr. Doug Deaver 4-14
Becky Clay Dr. Doug Deaver 4-14

... With so many variables to consider concerning axiology, in order to explore the meaning of value completely, as well as answer any questions about its existence, would require a thorough exploration of the philosophy of love, law, religion, and ethics, the social and political philosophy of things, ...
Minimal Epistemology: Beyond Terminal Philosophy to Truth
Minimal Epistemology: Beyond Terminal Philosophy to Truth

... social constructivism. All are untenable, when denied their transitivity-presupposing circularity and regress arguments. Minimal epistemology starts by conceding to the skeptic, provisionally, not only that nothing is known, but that nothing is justified even in the weak sense of being merely more l ...
Click anywhere to continue
Click anywhere to continue

... We use the term ‘working knowledge’ to mean the opposite of inert knowledge. It is knowledge that students have acquired and which they can use in unfamiliar, real world, problem-solving situations. ‘Working knowledge’ also connotes knowledge that is characteristic of real-world workplaces: situated ...
Pragmatism Lite - NYU Philosophy
Pragmatism Lite - NYU Philosophy

... microchip_it gets the job done, and satisfies the concrete need for which it was devised; and no other sort of evaluation of beliefs could be appropriate. Call this the metaphysical thesis. On the second reading, to say that beliefs are not “out there” is not to make some claim about what beliefs ar ...
what are belief systems
what are belief systems

... degenerate and die based on their belief systems. Reason cannot prove the beliefs it is based upon. Beliefs arise through experience. Experience need previous beliefs and reason to be assimilated, and reason needs experience to be formed, as beliefs need reason as well. Beliefs, reason and experienc ...
LECTURE 2: APOLOGETICS AND PHILOSOPHY
LECTURE 2: APOLOGETICS AND PHILOSOPHY

... changed when more evidence becomes available. For example, since science is basically inductive, its conclusions are properly stated as scientific opinion, not scientific knowledge. The scientific method, involving hypothesis, experiment, observation, and theory, produces many practical benefits and ...
Some Notes on the Philosophy of Science
Some Notes on the Philosophy of Science

... One prominent picture of science suggests that scientists are engaged in the HypotheticoDeductive Method. According to this view, a scientist proposes a certain hypothesis and makes certain logical deductions from this hypothesis (i.e. predictions), and then compares these deductions (predictions) w ...
Between Probability and Certainty
Between Probability and Certainty

... Pritchard, 2007, pp4). They reason along the following lines: Suppose I hold a single ticket in a fair lottery of one million tickets. Suppose I am convinced, purely on the basis of the odds involved, that my ticket won’t win. Do I know that my ticket won’t win? Intuitively, I don’t know any such th ...
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Gettier problem

The Gettier problem is a philosophical question about whether a piece of information that happens to be true but that someone believes for invalid reasons, such as a faulty premise, counts as knowledge. It is named after American philosopher Edmund Gettier, who wrote about the problem in a three-page paper published in 1963, called ""Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"". The paper refers to the concept of knowledge as justified true belief (JTB), credited to Plato, though Plato argued against this very account of knowledge in the Theaetetus (210a). In the paper, Gettier proposed two scenarios where the three criteria (justification, truth, and belief) seemed to be met, but where the majority of readers would not have felt that the result was knowledge due to the element of luck involved.The term is sometimes used to cover any one of a category of thought experiments in contemporary epistemology that seem to repudiate a definition of knowledge as justified true belief.The responses to Gettier's paper have been numerous. While some rejected Gettier's examples, many sought to adjust the JTB account of knowledge to lessen the impact of both Gettier's own problems and other problems (collectively titled ""Gettier problems"") created in their mould. Since 1963, experiments have also been conducted to determine whether the instinctive reactions of those presented with a Gettier problem are uniform or display language or genetic biases.
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