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i THE GOLDEN AGE OF ROME: AUGUSTUS` PROGRAM TO
i THE GOLDEN AGE OF ROME: AUGUSTUS` PROGRAM TO

... he believed himself, even at 18, to be the most capable man to lead the Republic out of corruption and violence. He used brutally efficient means to end the civil wars and to gain power for himself, but he proved to only use that power for the purpose of carrying out his ultimate goal: the restorati ...
CAESAR`S INVASION OF BRITAIN NATHAN BRAMAN Bachelor of
CAESAR`S INVASION OF BRITAIN NATHAN BRAMAN Bachelor of

... researchers to answer these points, in order to provide as thorough an overview as possible for the campaigns. The primary account of this operation is found in Caesar’s own writings. His commentaries provide a relatively detailed account of the course of events during the campaign, along with a br ...
A to Z of Ancient Greek and Roman Women - Imperium
A to Z of Ancient Greek and Roman Women - Imperium

- University of Glasgow
- University of Glasgow

Vestal Virgins of Rome: Images Of Power
Vestal Virgins of Rome: Images Of Power

... Abstract: The earliest archaeological and literary evidence suggest that the Vestal Virgins began as priestesses primarily responsible for religious fertility and purification rituals. Yet from humble beginnings, the Vestals were able to create a foothold in political life through the turbulence of ...
The ritual of sacrifice and entertainment representations of the
The ritual of sacrifice and entertainment representations of the

... was born on the day when the city and state were established. On the day of his death, one saeculum came to an end and another one began, with a person born on that very day. In the case of the Etruscans, the cycle was to last nine centuries, after which a total annihilation was to follow. 7 The pas ...
Augustus - Net Texts
Augustus - Net Texts

... 27 BC the Senate awarded him the honorific Augustus ("the revered one"), and thus consequently he was Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus.[4] Because of the various names he bore, it is common to call him Octavius when referring to events between 63 and 44 BC, Octavian (or Octavianus) when referring to eve ...
RICH-DISSERTATION-2015 - The University of Texas at Austin
RICH-DISSERTATION-2015 - The University of Texas at Austin

... imperio Romulus; condita urbs conditoris nomine appellata. Livy 1.7 The commoner story is that Remus jumped over the new walls in mockery of his brother, and so was killed by an angry Romulus, who added these words also in chiding him, “And thus from now on for anyone else who jumps over my walls!” ...
Augustus Caesar - Kouroo Contexture
Augustus Caesar - Kouroo Contexture

The World of Elagabalus - Scholar Works at UT Tyler
The World of Elagabalus - Scholar Works at UT Tyler

hannibal`s night time antics: livy`s use of `the night` in the third
hannibal`s night time antics: livy`s use of `the night` in the third

... Hannibal. See also Hoyos (2003) 3ff, who explains that almost nothing survives of Carthaginian records aside from a few quotations or paraphrases preserved in later authors. As such, the activities of Hannibal and his brothers largely pass to us not from Barcid tradition but as a result of being fil ...
Julius Caesar - CAI Teachers
Julius Caesar - CAI Teachers

... command of Abriorix  Some Roman armies were wiped out  His army of 60,000 attacked Cicero’s legion  They were almost beaten until Caesar gathered together 7,000 men  Abriorix was so sure of a certain victory over such a small number that they went to meet him  Caesar held his men off fighting u ...
Bandits in the Roman Empire: Myth and Reality
Bandits in the Roman Empire: Myth and Reality

Caesar: Selections from his Commentarii De Bello Gallico
Caesar: Selections from his Commentarii De Bello Gallico

... describes not as the opening battle in a campaign to conquer all Gaul, but instead merely as an intervention, a sort of police action to safeguard the integrity of the Roman province of which he was governor. Book Four (4.24–36.1) picks up four years later when Caesar appeared to have brought all Ga ...
Option M Rome: The fall of the Republic 78 – 31 BC
Option M Rome: The fall of the Republic 78 – 31 BC

... juries , which had proved to be extremely corrupt; they took sole power of juries away from Senate, instead sharing the power over them between Senate, equites and tribuni aerarii. Important pieces of legislation passed during joint consulship (known as Licino/Pompeian laws): – Restoration of tribun ...
Navigating Gaul through the Eyes of Caesar and His Men
Navigating Gaul through the Eyes of Caesar and His Men

A General`s Self-Depiction: The Political
A General`s Self-Depiction: The Political

... religion), which offered him a golden opportunity to increase his social standing. More importantly, however, Caesar held a “front rank [in] Rome’s senatorial aristocracy,”3 which offered an invaluable learning experience.4 Caesar learned that social popularity was the key to political power and tha ...
Diocletian Biography
Diocletian Biography

... MILAN: Dio. made his way to northern Italy, but it is not known whether he visited the city of Rome at this time. some modern historians state that Diocletian avoided the city, and that he did so on principle, as the city and its Senate were no longer politically relevant to the affairs of the empir ...
File
File

... Gladiators were male criminals or prisoner of war who were enslaved by the Romans as fearsome warriors who fought to the death in the arena Began as funeral rituals in Italy but by the second century BC the games became public displays often organized by politicians looking for votes First fight in ...
Cicero after Exile pdf - Western Political Science Association
Cicero after Exile pdf - Western Political Science Association

... But, as they say, no good deed goes unpunished. A few years later (59 BCE), Julius Caesar, the general Pompey, and Marcus Crassus combined their political forces together into an unlikely alliance which has gone down in history as the First Triumvirate. These three men, between them, were largely ab ...
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero

The Greatest Generals of the Second Punic War
The Greatest Generals of the Second Punic War

... studied, his father fought the rebels. This war would later be known as the mercenary war and be remembered as one of the cruelest wars of his time, even by contemporaries. 9 The many wars had drained Carthage's might, finance and prestige. Sicily was lost and her fleet was all but destroyed in the ...
The Seed of Principate: Annona and Imperial Politics
The Seed of Principate: Annona and Imperial Politics

... Chapter 1: Sowing the Seeds (509-27BCE) In this chapter, I explore the practical context of the annona and its evolving role in the politics of the Roman Republic (509-27 BCE). Despite the improvements of the Roman Republic and Empire, grain as a bulk commodity remained too expensive to transport e ...
THE EMPIRE`S MUSE: ROMAN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE
THE EMPIRE`S MUSE: ROMAN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE

Reconstructing religion
Reconstructing religion

... frères,
as
he
dedicates
but
one
paragraph
in
this
extensive
work
to
the
 structure
that
is
closest
in
time
to
the
Augustan
revival.
The
growth
of
the
 grove
over
time
does
demonstrate
that
the
prestige
of
the
cult
increased
as
 time
went
on,
and
as
it
became
more
closely
involved
with
the
Imperial
c ...
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Early Roman army

The Early Roman army was deployed by ancient Rome during its Regal Era and into the early Republic around 300 BC, when the so-called ""Polybian"" or manipular legion was introduced.Until c. 550 BC, there was probably no ""national"" Roman army, but a series of clan-based war-bands, which only coalesced into a united force in periods of serious external threat. Around 550 BC, during the period conventionally known as the rule of king Servius Tullius, it appears that a universal levy of eligible adult male citizens was instituted. This development apparently coincided with the introduction of heavy armour for most of the infantry.The early Roman army was based on a compulsory levy from adult male citizens that was held at the start of each campaigning season, in those years that war was declared. There were probably no standing or professional forces. During the Regal Era (to c. 500 BC), the standard levy was probably of 9,000 men, consisting of 6,000 heavily armed infantry (probably Greek-style hoplites), plus 2,400 light-armed infantry (rorarii, later called velites) and 600 light cavalry (equites celeres). When the kings were replaced by two annually-elected praetores in c. 500 BC, the standard levy remained of the same size, but was now divided equally between the Praetors, each commanding one legion of 4,500 men.It is likely that the hoplite element was deployed in a Greek-style phalanx formation in large set-piece battles. However, these were relatively rare, with most fighting consisting of small-scale border-raids and skirmishing. In these, the Romans would fight in their basic tactical unit, the centuria of 100 men. In addition, clan-based forces remained in existence until at least c. 450 BC, although they would operate under the Praetors' authority, at least nominally.In 493 BC, shortly after the establishment of the Roman Republic, Rome concluded a perpetual treaty of military alliance (the foedus Cassianum), with the combined other Latin city-states. The treaty, probably motivated by the need for the Latins to deploy a united defence against incursions by neighbouring hill-tribes, provided for each party to provide an equal force for campaigns under unified command. It remained in force until 358 BC.
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