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emboj7601802-sup
emboj7601802-sup

... spectinomycin resistance cassette downstream of the atpB gene, in a region that belongs to the inverted repeat. Gene conversion between the two copies of the inverted repeat could thus lead to the duplication of the resistance cassette. The new copy of the cassette, not linked to the truncated atpB ...
Damage Control: The Pleiotropy of DNA Repair Genes
Damage Control: The Pleiotropy of DNA Repair Genes

... cells. This result has been confirmed and extended to cells in the eye imaginal disc (M. Brodsky and G. M. Rubin, personal communication). Thus the function of the MEI-41 protein may not be in the repair of damage per se, but in triggering a DNA damage-dependent cellcycle checkpoint. Activation of t ...
Screening of Gene Markers for Forensic Identification of Vaginal
Screening of Gene Markers for Forensic Identification of Vaginal

... number of other unrelated genes. Results of the individual genes indicate that certain mRNAs may be more prone to degradation than others during sampling and then subsequent transportation and storage conditions, but this disadvantage may be overcome by using multiple markers per body fluid. Curren ...
Down Syndrome: Antonarakis et al. (2004)
Down Syndrome: Antonarakis et al. (2004)

... genome sequences will further increase our ability to recognize additional genes and validate initial gene predictions. The 33.5 Mb chimpanzee chromosome 22, which is homologous to HSA21, has recently been sequenced30. There are 1.44% single nucleotide substitutions between the human and chimpanzee ...
Fertility, Reproduction, and Genetic Disease
Fertility, Reproduction, and Genetic Disease

... Morphological Specific Locus Test The major concern in genetic risk considerations has been gene mutations in spermatogonial stem cells. The stem cells are the origin of germ cells throughout the male's reproductive life, and their permanence provides the only germ-cell stage wherein genetic damage ...
Bio II Ch 19 Eukaryotic Genomes
Bio II Ch 19 Eukaryotic Genomes

... shortens with each round of replication and they bind to proteins that protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation and fusion with other chromosomes. ...
Functional Analysis of the Genes of Yeast Chromosome V by Genetic Footprinting.
Functional Analysis of the Genes of Yeast Chromosome V by Genetic Footprinting.

... of upstream sequence. Smaller genes (,700 bp) were analyzed in their entirety, along with several hundred base pairs of sequence flanking the start and stop codons. A growth disadvantage to cells carrying insertions in a gene, under a particular selection, was reflected by the loss or depletion of t ...
Fractals are observed in nature
Fractals are observed in nature

... Then how can we test (instead of assuming) that the empty patches and diagonal lines are resulted from biased association between two letters? Using a modified chaos game applet (see reference), ‘34’, representing ‘CG’, was entered for substring so that CG could be eliminated from the chaos game. Th ...
I. Plant Tissue Culture and Applications
I. Plant Tissue Culture and Applications

The insect cytochrome oxidase I gene: evolutionary
The insect cytochrome oxidase I gene: evolutionary

... genes are used as a model to examlne the wlthlngene heterogeneity of evolutlonary rate and Its lmpllcations for evolutionary analyses. The complete sequence (1537 bp) of the meadow grasshopper (Chorthlppus parallelus) COI gene has been determined, and compared with eight other Insect COI genes at bo ...
Insertion of liver enriched transcription
Insertion of liver enriched transcription

... targeted gene delivery. The strategy involved the design of new synthetic promoters/enhancers, upstream of a gene of interest, using regulatory elements associated with the expression of a specific target tissue/organ. The goal of such gene delivery was to correct either an inherited genetic or meta ...
Solutions to Genetics Day 6 Interpretation Questions
Solutions to Genetics Day 6 Interpretation Questions

... b) The P1 phage used to make lysates was used at relatively high MOI because each phage was identical and the overall goal for the experiment was to infect all the cells, hope to get the rare phage that packages host DNA and lyse the cells. More of the P1 phage does not interfere with this goal. c) ...
Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy
Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy

... to understand the organization of natural systems that are coming from outside the mainstream of genetic research. ...
Commercialising the Science of the Babraham Institute
Commercialising the Science of the Babraham Institute

... property portfolio. This generally involves out-licensing to existing organisations, but intellectual property may also be spun-out of the Institute to create new ventures, such as Crescendo Biologics Ltd. ...
GcvA, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator protein
GcvA, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator protein

... significant homology to members of the LysR family of bacterial activator proteins, in particular the AmpR protein from C. freundii. Homology is especially strong over the N-terminal region which includes the helix-turnhelix DNA-binding motif. This gene was shown to complement the gcvA1 mutation a t ...
Identification, characterization, and expression profiling of salt
Identification, characterization, and expression profiling of salt

... (V-ATPase), and a pyrophosphatase (PPiase). The plant P-ATPase is represented by a gene family with more than 10 members, encoding proteins of approximately 100 kDa, with homology to the yeast PMAs (Sussman, 1994; DeWitt et al., 1996). This family takes part, as the major proton pump, in the outer c ...
Evolution of antibiotic resistance: Selection of resistance at non
Evolution of antibiotic resistance: Selection of resistance at non

... coverage of a genome in which region 4-7 is duplicated. B. After assembly of the sequence it is apparent that there is double coverage for the region 4-7 relative to the remainder of the genome. Coverage will be increased in proportion to the copy number of amplification. C. Identification of unique ...
RNA-Mediated Programming of Developmental
RNA-Mediated Programming of Developmental

... homologous zygotic sequence (23, 27). The sequence specificity of this trans-nuclear effect is therefore likely to be achieved by the pairing of homologous nucleic acids. To reconcile these conflicting results, we sought to determine the conditions of maternal transformation that lead to the deletio ...
standard set 5 - EDHSGreenSea.net
standard set 5 - EDHSGreenSea.net

... 1. In the 1930s the favored hypothesis suggested that the genetic material (the chemical substance that carried hereditary information) most probably was protein. Nucleic acids were considered too simple to provide much information and were thought to be structural molecules onto which the informati ...
(2) in ppt - NYU Computer Science
(2) in ppt - NYU Computer Science

FREE Sample Here - Test bank Store
FREE Sample Here - Test bank Store

... 41) What is another term for a biological catalyst? Answer: enzyme Section: 1.3 42) Research dealing with which human blood disorder was instrumental in linking the genotype to a specific phenotype, and what conclusion was reached? Answer: The work on sickle-cell anemia was instrumental in showing t ...
The vertebrate genome annotation (Vega) database
The vertebrate genome annotation (Vega) database

... Coding’ or ‘Common Known Protein Coding’ in Ensembl ContigVew (Figure 2). The project is currently limited to human genes annotated by Havana, but is expected to include Havana-annotated mouse genes in Ensembl version 48 (December 2007 release). In preparation for the zebrafish genome paper (which wi ...
DNA sequence of the rat growth hormone gene: location of the 5
DNA sequence of the rat growth hormone gene: location of the 5

... All d i g e s t i o n s v/ere done with enzymes purchased fran e i t h e r Mew England Biolabs, rtethesda Pesearch Laboratories, o r Poehringer f'annheim. Digestions were usually done with a s u b s t a n t i a l excess of enzyme and approximately in accordance with t h e conditions provided by t h ...
Chromosomal DNA fingerprinting
Chromosomal DNA fingerprinting

... DNA-probe technology has enormous potential in clinical diagnostic microbiology. It offers the possibility of faster and cheaper identification of fastidious pathogens, including the detection of strains bearing known virulence factors and genes conferring resistance to antibiotics, and allows the d ...
Nomenclature of Transposable Elements in Prokaryotes
Nomenclature of Transposable Elements in Prokaryotes

... be designated according to the rules de- strains carrying known elements at unveloped for plasmid nomenclature (Novick et known sites are most conveniently treated al., 1976). In particular, each plasmid line as described above for insertions into a parderived from an independent insertion event tic ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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