Using an Alu Insertion Polymorphism to Study Human
... Alu is a member of the family of short interspersed elements (SINEs) and is approximately 300 nucleotides in length. Alu owes its name to a recognition site for the endonuclease AluI in its middle. Although Alu is sometimes called a “jumping gene,” it is not properly a gene, because it does not prod ...
... Alu is a member of the family of short interspersed elements (SINEs) and is approximately 300 nucleotides in length. Alu owes its name to a recognition site for the endonuclease AluI in its middle. Although Alu is sometimes called a “jumping gene,” it is not properly a gene, because it does not prod ...
RecA maintains the integrity of chloroplast DNA molecules in
... nuclear genomes of many organisms, including plants (Lin et al., 2006). Repair and recombination of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is suppressed when a dominant-negative version of E. coli RecA is targeted to chloroplasts (Cerutti et al., 1995). The prevalence of chloroplast-ta ...
... nuclear genomes of many organisms, including plants (Lin et al., 2006). Repair and recombination of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is suppressed when a dominant-negative version of E. coli RecA is targeted to chloroplasts (Cerutti et al., 1995). The prevalence of chloroplast-ta ...
Sequence Note Complete 59 Long Terminal Repeat, nef,
... strains, is found in our isolates. Notably, isolate TV005 does not have this subtype C-specific Rev truncation and thus has an Rev protein 126 amino acids in length. Isolates TV014 and TV019 have a seven-residue deletion directly following the nuclear export signal (NES), which is also present in on ...
... strains, is found in our isolates. Notably, isolate TV005 does not have this subtype C-specific Rev truncation and thus has an Rev protein 126 amino acids in length. Isolates TV014 and TV019 have a seven-residue deletion directly following the nuclear export signal (NES), which is also present in on ...
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
transposon
... but we can distinguish three different types of mechanism by which a transposon moves: replicative, nonreplicative, and conservative ...
... but we can distinguish three different types of mechanism by which a transposon moves: replicative, nonreplicative, and conservative ...
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of sequence variation
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
factor occupancy and gene expression Effects of
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
... DNA near TF hubs had increased sensitivity to DNase I when compared with regions bound by a single factor (Fig. 1C). The result indicates either that these regions of open chromatin were more accessible to TFs before binding, or that the recruitment of many TFs to these regions resulted in more exte ...
Multiple Roles of the Y Chromosome in the Biology of
... The first definition of the word “gene” is as old as the year 1909. Wilhelm Johannsen first used it[1] to name the “inheritable factors” causing variation in visible traits, which had been discovered by the famous experiments of Gregor Mendel[2]. Since then, scientific research has better defined th ...
... The first definition of the word “gene” is as old as the year 1909. Wilhelm Johannsen first used it[1] to name the “inheritable factors” causing variation in visible traits, which had been discovered by the famous experiments of Gregor Mendel[2]. Since then, scientific research has better defined th ...
Characterisation of marsupial PHLDA2 reveals eutherian specific acquisition of imprinting Open Access
... specifically in the eutherian lineage after the divergence of marsupials, even though imprinting of the adjacent IGF2H19 domain arose before the marsupial-eutherian split. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that genomic imprinting of the KCNQ1 domain may have contributed to the evolution ...
... specifically in the eutherian lineage after the divergence of marsupials, even though imprinting of the adjacent IGF2H19 domain arose before the marsupial-eutherian split. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that genomic imprinting of the KCNQ1 domain may have contributed to the evolution ...
Sleeping Beauty - Weber State University
... For the above reasons, members of the Tc1/mariner superfamily are valuable candidates for being developed as wide(r) host-range transformation vectors. There can be two major strategies to obtain an active transposon system for any organism: find one or make one. From all DNA-transposons found so fa ...
... For the above reasons, members of the Tc1/mariner superfamily are valuable candidates for being developed as wide(r) host-range transformation vectors. There can be two major strategies to obtain an active transposon system for any organism: find one or make one. From all DNA-transposons found so fa ...
Cytogenetics
... XYY males and XXX females • The XYY males are usually fertile. Their meioses are of the XY type; the extra Y is not transmitted, and their gametes contain either X or Y, never YY or XY. Attempts have been made to link the XYY condition with a predisposition toward violence. • The XXX individuals ar ...
... XYY males and XXX females • The XYY males are usually fertile. Their meioses are of the XY type; the extra Y is not transmitted, and their gametes contain either X or Y, never YY or XY. Attempts have been made to link the XYY condition with a predisposition toward violence. • The XXX individuals ar ...
Clinical and Molecular Aspects of Diseases of Mitochondrial DNA
... Fig. 1 Schematic representation of 16,569 base-pair circular human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) showing genes encoding subunits of complex I, III, IV, and ATPase; ribosomal RNAs, and transfer RNAs according to the single letter code of the amino acids. The heavy strand promoter (HSP), light strand prom ...
... Fig. 1 Schematic representation of 16,569 base-pair circular human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) showing genes encoding subunits of complex I, III, IV, and ATPase; ribosomal RNAs, and transfer RNAs according to the single letter code of the amino acids. The heavy strand promoter (HSP), light strand prom ...
Mechanisms of fast and stringent search in homologous pairing of
... PH, and shear force, suggesting that it may serve as the ‘default’ mode of chromosome pairing in vivo [2]. Various models have been proposed to explain the homology-dependent attraction between dsDNA molecules [9–11], many of which attribute this interaction to hydrophobic forces or electrostatics. ...
... PH, and shear force, suggesting that it may serve as the ‘default’ mode of chromosome pairing in vivo [2]. Various models have been proposed to explain the homology-dependent attraction between dsDNA molecules [9–11], many of which attribute this interaction to hydrophobic forces or electrostatics. ...
View/Open
... plants relies on the manipulation of not only qualitative traits but also quantitatively inherited agronomic traits. Many genes control these complex traits and each gene has small and cumulative effect on the target trait. Hence, decoding the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits such ...
... plants relies on the manipulation of not only qualitative traits but also quantitatively inherited agronomic traits. Many genes control these complex traits and each gene has small and cumulative effect on the target trait. Hence, decoding the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits such ...
The complement C3 protein family in invertebrates
... Complement C3 plays a pivotal role in the innate immune system of mammals as the central component of the complement system essential for its activation mechanism and effecter function. C3 has a unique intra-chain thioester bond that is shared by some complement and non-complement proteins forming a ...
... Complement C3 plays a pivotal role in the innate immune system of mammals as the central component of the complement system essential for its activation mechanism and effecter function. C3 has a unique intra-chain thioester bond that is shared by some complement and non-complement proteins forming a ...
Ensembl variation resources Open Access Database
... which focus either on the whole genome or selected functional regions of the genome such as protein coding regions, regulatory regions or sites of known disease mutations. One of the larger resources includes a comprehensive haplotype map of the human genome created by the International HapMap Proje ...
... which focus either on the whole genome or selected functional regions of the genome such as protein coding regions, regulatory regions or sites of known disease mutations. One of the larger resources includes a comprehensive haplotype map of the human genome created by the International HapMap Proje ...
Drug-specific Sites of Topoisomerase II DNA
... age stimulation were lower than those of VM-26 (Fig. 1B). The present findings strongly indicate that the in vivo VM-26 site is also the target for VM-26 stimulation in vitro. Therefore, although satellite ...
... age stimulation were lower than those of VM-26 (Fig. 1B). The present findings strongly indicate that the in vivo VM-26 site is also the target for VM-26 stimulation in vitro. Therefore, although satellite ...
Gene mapping of monogenic disorders and complex
... Genetic disorders in humans and animals include illnesses caused by abnormalities in genes or chromosomes, those abnormalities typically existing at birth. Disorders can be passed down from the parents’ genes, or caused by de novo mutations to the DNA loci. Disorders caused by a single mutated gene ...
... Genetic disorders in humans and animals include illnesses caused by abnormalities in genes or chromosomes, those abnormalities typically existing at birth. Disorders can be passed down from the parents’ genes, or caused by de novo mutations to the DNA loci. Disorders caused by a single mutated gene ...
RNA-Seq analysis
... RNA-Seq technology -Aims: Catalogue all species of transcript including: mRNAs, non-coding RNAs and small RNAs Determine the transcriptional structure of genes in terms of: Start sites 5′ and 3′ ends Splicing patterns Other post-transcriptional modifications Quantification of expressi ...
... RNA-Seq technology -Aims: Catalogue all species of transcript including: mRNAs, non-coding RNAs and small RNAs Determine the transcriptional structure of genes in terms of: Start sites 5′ and 3′ ends Splicing patterns Other post-transcriptional modifications Quantification of expressi ...
Site-Directed Mutagenesis Using Oligonucleotide
... mutagenesis, insertion of foreign sequences or in-frame deletions, have become of fast growing interest since complete bacterial genome sequences became available. Various approaches have been described to modify any nucleotide(s) in almost any manner. Some genetic engineering technologies do not re ...
... mutagenesis, insertion of foreign sequences or in-frame deletions, have become of fast growing interest since complete bacterial genome sequences became available. Various approaches have been described to modify any nucleotide(s) in almost any manner. Some genetic engineering technologies do not re ...
Geneious Sequence Classifier User Manual
... The top identity table shows the overall result, when alignments from multiple loci are concatenated. When multiple loci are used, individual identity tables are also provided for each gene (see Figure 2). The columns in these tables are as follows: • Database sequence name: The name of the database ...
... The top identity table shows the overall result, when alignments from multiple loci are concatenated. When multiple loci are used, individual identity tables are also provided for each gene (see Figure 2). The columns in these tables are as follows: • Database sequence name: The name of the database ...
Article
... between genes from different species—such incompatible genes are usually called ‘‘speciation genes.’’ In diploid F1 hybrids, which contain a complete haploid genome from each species, the presence of compatible alleles can mask the effects of (recessive) incompatible speciation genes. But in the hap ...
... between genes from different species—such incompatible genes are usually called ‘‘speciation genes.’’ In diploid F1 hybrids, which contain a complete haploid genome from each species, the presence of compatible alleles can mask the effects of (recessive) incompatible speciation genes. But in the hap ...
Information Encoding in Biological Molecules: DNA and
... • open EDE for any of the exons of syx5:CG4214RB transcript • split exon 2 and make an intron of arbitrary length by dragging the exon boundaries • split new exon 3 and make an intron using “Set ...
... • open EDE for any of the exons of syx5:CG4214RB transcript • split exon 2 and make an intron of arbitrary length by dragging the exon boundaries • split new exon 3 and make an intron using “Set ...
Functional Genomics
... The potential to learn entirely new things by taking such an approach is enormous, but it is important to recognize that these are early days for genomics. The recent developments in simultaneous monitoring of the expression of all RNAs using oligonucleotide and cDNA arrays, reviewed comprehensively ...
... The potential to learn entirely new things by taking such an approach is enormous, but it is important to recognize that these are early days for genomics. The recent developments in simultaneous monitoring of the expression of all RNAs using oligonucleotide and cDNA arrays, reviewed comprehensively ...
Human genome
The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.