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NAD + , NADP +
NAD + , NADP +

... role in the catabolic reactions? In most living tissues: [NAD+] + [NADH] = 10-5 M [NAD+]/[NADH] is high The above reaction favor the formation of NADH , which means NAD + undergo reduction and couple with oxidation reactions as glycolysis or, generally speaking, most catabolic reactions. ...
Development of Biocatalysts for Production of Fine Chemicals
Development of Biocatalysts for Production of Fine Chemicals

... pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The principal advantage of biocatalysts is their ability to catalyze reactions with high specificity (often enantio- or regio-selectively). Furthermore, biocatalysts have the advantage of operating under mild conditions, typically at ambient temperature and pressur ...
Towards a Semantic W..
Towards a Semantic W..

... Orthologous Groups ) database ► COG-based gene set enrichment analysis ► COG Analysis Ontology (CAO) ► OntoCOG, the semantic web application for COG enrichment analysis ...
Molecular Cloning, Sequencing, and Expression of the Glutamine
Molecular Cloning, Sequencing, and Expression of the Glutamine

... sequence was about equally similar to both the bacterial and eucaryotic proteins. The Frankia ginli gene was also capable of complementing an Escherichia coli AglnA mutant when transcribed from the vector lac promoter, but not when transcribed from the Frankia promoter. GSII produced in E. coli was ...
Mechanisms for Creation of “Original Ancestor Genes”
Mechanisms for Creation of “Original Ancestor Genes”

... Diversity of organisms on the earth ...
Introduction to Protein Structure
Introduction to Protein Structure

... going outward from C atom •different numbers of -angles depending on amino acid type •are usually defined as low energy side-chain conformations. •the use of a library of rotamers allows the modeling of a structure while trying the most likely side-chain conformations, saving time and producing a ...
T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-The
T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-The

Automatic identification of topic boundaries in
Automatic identification of topic boundaries in

... options for doing this from an integrated platform which enables the user to operate with a single input format and to retrieve parsed outputs, relevant to his research context, from different servers in customizable user defined visual formats for easy comparison and analysis are an urgent requirem ...
Friesland Foods Normal
Friesland Foods Normal

... were observed, implying a difference in pathway modularization between the families. The presence-absence list of genes is in agreement with the results obtained in earlier analyses (35, 40, 57). Nevertheless, we observed a few differences. For instance, we found that O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrolas ...
Plant and soil
Plant and soil

... the latter strain, this region is located on the bacterial chromosome (Kaneko et al. 2010). To analyze the contribution of AAT1 to IAA biosynthesis, we constructed an AAT1 mutant by inserting a gusA-smrR cassette in the natural KpnI site found in the hisC1 sequence. The correct cassette orientation ...
Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Cause Reproductive Isolation
Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Cause Reproductive Isolation

... different combinations of chromosomes from their parental species. These spores were then assayed for cytonuclear incompatibility. In hybrid diploids between species A and B, incompatibility could occur in two directions, between A-nucleus and Bmitochondria or between B-nucleus and A-mitochondria. W ...
Macromolecules Internet Assignment
Macromolecules Internet Assignment

... 1. Proteins are chains of _______________________ linked by _______________________. 2. The 20 different amino acids used to make all proteins differ only in their _______________________. 3. A protein’s amino acid sequence determines its _______________________ and _______________________. ...
Full Text PDF - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers
Full Text PDF - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers

... to quantify their expression (C). Relative protein level is expressed as a percentage of control, and referred to ctubulin as loading marker. Significant differences were revealed by ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test. ...
Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of
Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of

... Porcme leukocytes contained three homologous peptldes. PG-1, 2 and 3. that manifested potent mlcrobicidal activity against Escherrchra coli, Lmeriu nmocytogenes and Candida olbrcuns in vitro. The peptides (‘protegrms’) &ere composed of 16 (PG-2) or 18 amino acid residues, and, like tachyplesms (broa ...
Macromolecules WebQuest
Macromolecules WebQuest

... 1. Proteins are chains of _______________________ linked by _______________________. 2. The 20 different amino acids used to make all proteins differ only in their _______________________. 3. A protein’s amino acid sequence determines its _______________________ and _______________________. 4. What ...
Amino Acids
Amino Acids

... Disruption of the disulfide bonds may change the three-dimensional structure of the proteins so that they lose their bioactivity (such as trypsin inhibition activity or potential allergenicity) ...
Virology Journal
Virology Journal

... the cell membrane [21]. These two proteins work in conjunction to destroy the cell wall of bacteria and subsequently lyse the cell [24]. These components of a host lysis cassette are each present in the genome of phages eiAU, eiDWF, and eiMSLS including a putative Rz lysis accessory protein encoded ...
Part 1: Macromolecules Tutorial
Part 1: Macromolecules Tutorial

...  There are 6 separate pages for the nucleic acids module. After you read each page, click “continue”, and then “play” to watch the animation. 1. What are the two types of nucleic acids? ____________________ and ____________________ 2. What do nucleic acids have the ability to do within the cell? 3. ...
AP Biology Summer Homework Macromolecules WebQuest
AP Biology Summer Homework Macromolecules WebQuest

... 5. __________________________ are hydrolyzed (broken apart) to form glucose, and glucose is then further broken down to release __________________________. D. Click on “Options”  Click on “LIPIDS”.  There are 7 separate pages for the lipid module. After you read each page, click “continue”, and th ...
Enzyme - Rubin Gulaboski
Enzyme - Rubin Gulaboski

... Vmax – rate at saturation for a given enzyme concentration in moles per unit time Km – Michaelis constant – substrate concentration ...
Proteolytic processing in the secretory pathway of Aspergillus niger
Proteolytic processing in the secretory pathway of Aspergillus niger

... proteases. A brief explanation of these four groups is given here; a more elaborate description is given by van den Hombergh (1996). Each group has a different proteolytic mechanism and therefore different enzymatic characteristics and inhibitors. The cysteine proteases are a rare group of proteases ...
Predictable Alteration of Sequence Recognition by RNA
Predictable Alteration of Sequence Recognition by RNA

A1071 GM Canola MON88302 AppR SD1
A1071 GM Canola MON88302 AppR SD1

... Tolerance to glyphosate is achieved through expression of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3shikimatephosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS) encoded by the cp4epsps gene derived from the common soil bacterium Agrobacterium sp. The CP4 EPSPS protein has previously been assessed by FSANZ in a range of crops including ...
Sequence - BIOTEC - Biotechnology Center TU Dresden
Sequence - BIOTEC - Biotechnology Center TU Dresden

... n Microarrays n Measure activity of thousands of genes at the same time n Example: n Cancer n Compare activity with and without drug treatment n Result: Hundreds of candidate drug targets n RNAi (Noble prize 2004, Fire and Mello) n Knock-down genes and observe effect n Example: n Infectious diseases ...
Supplementary Information - Word file (63 KB )
Supplementary Information - Word file (63 KB )

... the midline are actively taking place. g: The expression of fkd7, a marker for floorplate (black arrowhead); hypochord (black arrow); gut tube (red arrow) and precordal plate mesoderm (red arrowhead), is unaltered in the Egfl7 knockdown embryos (AS) with severe circulation defects. Interestingly, fi ...
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Two-hybrid screening



Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.
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