108. Regulation of the L-arabinose Operon in Escherichia coli, in
... AraC then prefers to bind to the adjacent I1 and I2 half-sites. Binding to the I2 half-site probably results in direct interactions with RNA polymerase, whereas RNA polymerase also contacts the DNA-binding domain bound at I1 by reaching over the polymerase proximal subunit of AraC. Hence induction e ...
... AraC then prefers to bind to the adjacent I1 and I2 half-sites. Binding to the I2 half-site probably results in direct interactions with RNA polymerase, whereas RNA polymerase also contacts the DNA-binding domain bound at I1 by reaching over the polymerase proximal subunit of AraC. Hence induction e ...
Statistical analysis of atomic contacts at RNA– protein
... large and contribute more or less to the chi-square statistic, but the deviations in the different cells are correlated and thus hard to interpret. If the percentage distributions appear similar in several columns and if a chi-square test confirms it, then these columns may be combined for compariso ...
... large and contribute more or less to the chi-square statistic, but the deviations in the different cells are correlated and thus hard to interpret. If the percentage distributions appear similar in several columns and if a chi-square test confirms it, then these columns may be combined for compariso ...
Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens
... by sRNA is particularly advantageous during stress responses, when the energy cost must be managed with coordinated expression of multiple genes. Energy expenses for sRNA synthesis are several times lower than for synthesis of regulatory proteins. This type of regulation may represent ancestral form ...
... by sRNA is particularly advantageous during stress responses, when the energy cost must be managed with coordinated expression of multiple genes. Energy expenses for sRNA synthesis are several times lower than for synthesis of regulatory proteins. This type of regulation may represent ancestral form ...
Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and
... Medium and Culture Conditions—E. gracilis strain Z (SAG 1224 – 5/25 collection of algae Göttingen) for isolation of mitochondria and subsequent analysis by two-dimensional PAGE was cultured as described previously (6). Euglena cultures for determination of UQ9 and RQ9 were grown in a BIOSTAT B 10-l ...
... Medium and Culture Conditions—E. gracilis strain Z (SAG 1224 – 5/25 collection of algae Göttingen) for isolation of mitochondria and subsequent analysis by two-dimensional PAGE was cultured as described previously (6). Euglena cultures for determination of UQ9 and RQ9 were grown in a BIOSTAT B 10-l ...
Improving muscle mass: response of muscle metabolism to exercise
... in positive NBAL. Thus muscle protein is alternately deposited and released depending on the metabolic situation. The magnitude and duration of these periods of muscle protein deposition and release determine the amount of muscle mass (Figure 1). In healthy, weight-stable adults, the periods of posi ...
... in positive NBAL. Thus muscle protein is alternately deposited and released depending on the metabolic situation. The magnitude and duration of these periods of muscle protein deposition and release determine the amount of muscle mass (Figure 1). In healthy, weight-stable adults, the periods of posi ...
document/47414 - UvA-DARE
... aciduria. The results are presented in chapters 3 to 7. In chapter 3 the resolution of the molecular basis of 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency is presented. The need to differentiate between 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I and other forms of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria which are all ch ...
... aciduria. The results are presented in chapters 3 to 7. In chapter 3 the resolution of the molecular basis of 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency is presented. The need to differentiate between 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I and other forms of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria which are all ch ...
A novel EVI1 gene family, MEL1, lacking a PR domain (MEL1S) is
... polyclonal antibody, anti-MELDBD1, was produced by injecting a rabbit with purified GST-MELDBD1 fusion protein. Cell extracts from 1 ⫻ 108 leukemia cells were immunoprecipitated by the anti-MELDBD1 antibody and eluted from the gel of protein A–Sepharose 4B (Amersham Biosciences). The immunoprecipita ...
... polyclonal antibody, anti-MELDBD1, was produced by injecting a rabbit with purified GST-MELDBD1 fusion protein. Cell extracts from 1 ⫻ 108 leukemia cells were immunoprecipitated by the anti-MELDBD1 antibody and eluted from the gel of protein A–Sepharose 4B (Amersham Biosciences). The immunoprecipita ...
Development of Software Package for Determining Protein
... Removing unfavorable van der Waals clashes (when two atoms try to occupy the same space) Assigning charge ( partial or whole) and van der Waals radii parameters from a variety of force fields ...
... Removing unfavorable van der Waals clashes (when two atoms try to occupy the same space) Assigning charge ( partial or whole) and van der Waals radii parameters from a variety of force fields ...
Enzyme Mechanisms - Illinois Institute of Technology
... unrelated settings Subtilisin: externals very different from mammalian serine proteases; triad same ...
... unrelated settings Subtilisin: externals very different from mammalian serine proteases; triad same ...
Amino Acids and Peptides
... Amino acids are the basic structural building units of proteins. They form short polymer chains called peptides or polypeptides which in turn form structures called proteins. The process of such formation from an mRNA template is known as translation, which is part of protein synthesis. Phenylalan ...
... Amino acids are the basic structural building units of proteins. They form short polymer chains called peptides or polypeptides which in turn form structures called proteins. The process of such formation from an mRNA template is known as translation, which is part of protein synthesis. Phenylalan ...
PDF
... secondary endocytobiosis resulted in a complex cellular structure and metabolism compared to algae with primary plastids. Methodology/Principal Findings. The whole genome sequence of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has recently been completed. We identified and annotated genes for enzymes invol ...
... secondary endocytobiosis resulted in a complex cellular structure and metabolism compared to algae with primary plastids. Methodology/Principal Findings. The whole genome sequence of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has recently been completed. We identified and annotated genes for enzymes invol ...
Ars Pharmaceutica - Facultad de Farmacia
... . On the whole, earthworm meal will always be cheaper than fishmeal since earthworm production feedstuff generally constitutes free raw material 7. Therefore, the determination of the amino acid profile of the earthworm flour in order to be used as a non-conventional ingredient in the formulation an ...
... . On the whole, earthworm meal will always be cheaper than fishmeal since earthworm production feedstuff generally constitutes free raw material 7. Therefore, the determination of the amino acid profile of the earthworm flour in order to be used as a non-conventional ingredient in the formulation an ...
Biochemical, biophysical and interaction studies of the stress
... Firstly I would like to thank all my supervisors, Dr Alexander Golovanov, Dr Costas Demonacos and Dr Stephen Prince for their continual guidance throughout this PhD. I would also like to thank my adviser Professor Andrew Doig for all his support and advice on PhD related issues and CD experiments. A ...
... Firstly I would like to thank all my supervisors, Dr Alexander Golovanov, Dr Costas Demonacos and Dr Stephen Prince for their continual guidance throughout this PhD. I would also like to thank my adviser Professor Andrew Doig for all his support and advice on PhD related issues and CD experiments. A ...
Molecular Cell Biology
... c and transfers them to O2. cytokines Growth factors that regulate blood cells and lymphocytes. cytokinesis Division of a cell following mitosis or meiosis. cytosine A pyrimidine that base-pairs with guanine. cytoskeleton A network of protein filaments that extends throughout the cytoplasm of eukary ...
... c and transfers them to O2. cytokines Growth factors that regulate blood cells and lymphocytes. cytokinesis Division of a cell following mitosis or meiosis. cytosine A pyrimidine that base-pairs with guanine. cytoskeleton A network of protein filaments that extends throughout the cytoplasm of eukary ...
Evolution of the Aldose Reductase-Related Gecko Eye Lens Protein
... positions. The remaining 25 vertebrate sequences were aligned, of which a sampling of the most divergent representatives is given in Fig. 1, together with 2 plant and 2 yeast sequences. The plant and yeast sequences were the most closely related nonvertebrate aldo-keto reductases in the original dat ...
... positions. The remaining 25 vertebrate sequences were aligned, of which a sampling of the most divergent representatives is given in Fig. 1, together with 2 plant and 2 yeast sequences. The plant and yeast sequences were the most closely related nonvertebrate aldo-keto reductases in the original dat ...
l WATER ADDED Ti) REDUCE
... In other embodiments, the compound is poorly soluble in Water. In particular embodiments, the compound has a solu bility in aqueous medium of less than about 10 mg/mL, of less than about 5 mg/mL, of less than about 2.5 mg/mL, of less than about 1 mg/mL, or of less than about 0.5 mg/mL. In some embod ...
... In other embodiments, the compound is poorly soluble in Water. In particular embodiments, the compound has a solu bility in aqueous medium of less than about 10 mg/mL, of less than about 5 mg/mL, of less than about 2.5 mg/mL, of less than about 1 mg/mL, or of less than about 0.5 mg/mL. In some embod ...
Spectroscopic Techniques: I Spectrophotometric Techniques
... where h is the Planck constant (h = 6.63 1034 Js) and is the frequency of the radiation as introduced above. When considering a diatomic molecule (see Fig. 12.3), rotational and vibrational levels possess discrete energies that only merge into a continuum at very high energy. Each electronic st ...
... where h is the Planck constant (h = 6.63 1034 Js) and is the frequency of the radiation as introduced above. When considering a diatomic molecule (see Fig. 12.3), rotational and vibrational levels possess discrete energies that only merge into a continuum at very high energy. Each electronic st ...
Proteolytic Degradation of Hemoglobin in the Intestine of the Human
... Protein expression and purification. Na-APR-1 was expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris, as described for Ac-APR-1 [14]. Expression of Na-CP-3 in P. pastoris was reported by us recently [20]. Attempts to express Na-MEP-1 in yeast were unsuccessful (data not shown), so we expressed it in baculovirus ...
... Protein expression and purification. Na-APR-1 was expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris, as described for Ac-APR-1 [14]. Expression of Na-CP-3 in P. pastoris was reported by us recently [20]. Attempts to express Na-MEP-1 in yeast were unsuccessful (data not shown), so we expressed it in baculovirus ...
Biology 6 Test 1 Study Guide
... 3. Sulfur (hydrogen sulfide H2S or sulfate SO42-) 4. Phosphorus (phosphate PO42- only) 5. Oxygen Required for some, harmful to others. Harmful because oxygen can turn into toxic forms: singlet oxygen gas, free radicals (e.g. O2-, H2O2, OH) Aerobes use oxygen, anaerobes do not. Ones that can tolerat ...
... 3. Sulfur (hydrogen sulfide H2S or sulfate SO42-) 4. Phosphorus (phosphate PO42- only) 5. Oxygen Required for some, harmful to others. Harmful because oxygen can turn into toxic forms: singlet oxygen gas, free radicals (e.g. O2-, H2O2, OH) Aerobes use oxygen, anaerobes do not. Ones that can tolerat ...
Adaptation of enzymes to temperature: searching for basic ``strategies``
... manifested at the tissue level as well. Through using isolated tissues, especially brain, in a study of evolutionary temperature compensation, one also could avoid, or at least minimize, the confounding effects of interspecific differences in locomotory habit and general activity level on metabolism ...
... manifested at the tissue level as well. Through using isolated tissues, especially brain, in a study of evolutionary temperature compensation, one also could avoid, or at least minimize, the confounding effects of interspecific differences in locomotory habit and general activity level on metabolism ...
Biology Olympiad (NSEB ) 2012
... (a) amino acid 'f' will be omitted from resultant polypeptide chain (b) the amino acid 'g' will be replaced by some other amino acid in the resultant polypeptide (c) the polypeptide with a, b, c, d, e and f will be released (d) the polypeptide will not be produced at all [c] UAG is stop codon Leaves ...
... (a) amino acid 'f' will be omitted from resultant polypeptide chain (b) the amino acid 'g' will be replaced by some other amino acid in the resultant polypeptide (c) the polypeptide with a, b, c, d, e and f will be released (d) the polypeptide will not be produced at all [c] UAG is stop codon Leaves ...
Full-Text PDF
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
... phospholipids appears to change as cells pass from exponential growth into stationary phase [51,52] and recent work shows that depletion of cellular acidic phospholipids leads to under initiation of replication from oriC during the cell-cycle [39]. Acidic phospholipids, particularly CL, are present ...
High pKa variability of cysteine residues in structural databases and
... these oxidations are effectively counteracted through natural defensive mechanisms [9]; however, intense and/or persistent levels of ROS stress ultimately lead to protein damage (misfolding, cross-linkages, inactivation of functional residues) [10,11]. A critically important aspect of Cys reactivity ...
... these oxidations are effectively counteracted through natural defensive mechanisms [9]; however, intense and/or persistent levels of ROS stress ultimately lead to protein damage (misfolding, cross-linkages, inactivation of functional residues) [10,11]. A critically important aspect of Cys reactivity ...
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNAPTONEMAL
... without heterologous synapsis or synaptic adjustment, to form a complete set of entirely synapsed bivalents, have a better chance of producing viable meiotic products than cells which do not (e.g. De Boer and De Jong, 1989). According to this hypothesis mutation of genes encoding structural componen ...
... without heterologous synapsis or synaptic adjustment, to form a complete set of entirely synapsed bivalents, have a better chance of producing viable meiotic products than cells which do not (e.g. De Boer and De Jong, 1989). According to this hypothesis mutation of genes encoding structural componen ...
Western blot
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.