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15.Flexible_Protein_Docking_Jonathan
15.Flexible_Protein_Docking_Jonathan

... lists pharmaceutically relevant flexible targets (some 30 systems!) • Consequences of protein flexibility for ligand design – One site, several ligand binding modes possible ...
Secretion Trap Tagging of Secreted and Membrane
Secretion Trap Tagging of Secreted and Membrane

... of ␤-Gal fusions with “trapped” N-terminal secretion signals (Skarnes et al., 1995). Sequencing of 5⬘-RACE products revealed that almost one-half encoded secreted proteins, with the remainder being expressed because of improper splicing or deletions of the vector (Townley et al., 1997). The techniqu ...
(endosymbiotic) origin of the nucleus - Université Paris-Sud
(endosymbiotic) origin of the nucleus - Université Paris-Sud

... beyond any doubt. Endosymbiotic hypotheses need to explain the structural peculiarities of the nuclear membrane, but the origin of the nuclear membrane and its selective advantages are also puzzling for non-endosymbiotic supporters. Finally, Staub et al. argue that nucleus replication involves membr ...
REVIEWS
REVIEWS

... defined specifications, and is therefore subject to stringent quality control (QC). In the cell something similar occurs — there are QC systems for practically every step that leads to the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein molecules1–5. As a result, the number of accumulated errors in macromolecules ...
Vacuoles - Plant Physiology
Vacuoles - Plant Physiology

... that sugar uptake is a secondary consequence of the activity of The fact that the curve for uptake of L-glucose by vacuoles this pump (19). We have in fact observed K-stimulated ATPase differed so strikingly from that for uptake of MeG (Fig. 1) is a activity in the vacuoles. This ATPase activity inc ...
Physical Models for Protein Folding and Drug Design
Physical Models for Protein Folding and Drug Design

Back-translation Using First Order Hidden Markov Models
Back-translation Using First Order Hidden Markov Models

... information, not specific to the protein being back-translated, causing the large amounts of data used to provide an accurate result to be canceled out, in effect, by the large amounts of unrelated protein sequences. It seems then that, not only must well-predicting training sets use similar species ...
Protein Metabolism and Acidosis
Protein Metabolism and Acidosis

... ATP-dependent proteases. Although proteolysis must occur by one of the four known pathways, the mechanism(s) by which acidosis stimulates proteolysis has just recently been investigated. Control of Acidosis Induced Proteolysis Medina et al. (6) reported skeletal muscle plays a critical role in the r ...
identification of glycosylated peptides
identification of glycosylated peptides

... galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. Figure 3 designates the expected mass-to-charge ratios for the possible forms of the glycosylated tryptic peptide T45 from rt-PA. This glycoform was found to have a typical structure including one sialic acid, two galactoses and two N-acetylglucosamines (GlcN) (lab ...
Primary cilia and polycystic kidney disease
Primary cilia and polycystic kidney disease

... Although it was speculated early on that polycystin-2 acts as an ion channel (Mochizuki et al., 1996), it took several years before formal proof was obtained. Meanwhile it has been firmly established that polycystin-2 belongs to the TRP family of cation channels. It is permeable for mono- and divale ...
Essential Cell Biology (3rd ed.)
Essential Cell Biology (3rd ed.)

... glue proteins that attach them firmly to rocks, even when immersed in seawater. ...
Amino acid transport in Penicillium chrysogenum in relation to
Amino acid transport in Penicillium chrysogenum in relation to

... encoding a cytosolic ACS of P. chrysogenum has been identified and isolated. Disruption of this gene did not result in a decrease in penicillin production, meaning that ACS cannot be solely responsible for activation of precursors (66, 136). In another study a PCL of P. chrysogenum containing a C-te ...
AMINO ACIDS I. Function of amino acids A. Building blocks of
AMINO ACIDS I. Function of amino acids A. Building blocks of

... ii. cystine is the oxidized form (disulfide) iii. disulfide bridges formed between cysteines areimportant in protein structure d. gamma-Carboxyglutamate i. carboxylated enzymatically after translation ii. important in blood clotting ...
electron transport
electron transport

... 20.7 – How Do Mitochondria Mediate Apoptosis? Mitochondria play a significant role in the programmed death of cells (apoptosis) – Apoptosis is a mechanism through which certain cells are eliminated from higher organisms – It is central to the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms ...
Motif recognition - www.bioinf.org.uk
Motif recognition - www.bioinf.org.uk

... Profiles contd. Derived matrix: Alignment positions A C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T V W Y ...
Structure of the plasma membrane T2T
Structure of the plasma membrane T2T

... Image credit: image modified from OpenStax Biology, originally by Foobar/Wikimedia Commons. The portions of an integral membrane protein found inside the membrane are hydrophobic, while those that are exposed to the cytoplasm or extracellular fluid tend to be hydrophilic. Transmembrane proteins may ...
D0 You Know About Amino Acids?
D0 You Know About Amino Acids?

... D0 You Know About Amino Acids? What on Earth is an Amino Acid? Simply put, they are organic compounds that are created when protein is digested. But it doesn’t end there. Your body needs a variety of amino acids to function properly. Your body makes some of these amino acids by itself, but a lot of ...
34750 - Radboud Repository
34750 - Radboud Repository

... groups [1], steroids [2], amino acids, and iron-sulphur (Fe-S) clusters [3]. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial genes indicate that all mitochondria derive from a single alphaproteobacterial ancestor, the so-called proto-mitochondrion [4]. During the transformation of proto-mitochondrion to orga ...
Tertiary Protein Structure Prediction with Profile Analysis: A Case Study
Tertiary Protein Structure Prediction with Profile Analysis: A Case Study

... contraction and pancreatic enzyme release. Although there is limited information about the structure of this protein, there is some data suggesting it has a unique structure and that it has helices (Keire et al. 2002). All of these characteristics made CCK-58 an interesting candidate for this test. ...
Genetic Biomarkers of Aging Drosophila Melanogaster Daria Solodovnikova
Genetic Biomarkers of Aging Drosophila Melanogaster Daria Solodovnikova

... which are situated in the inner mitochondrial membrane (figure 3). In the complex IV, or cytochrome c oxidase, electrons are transferred to the oxygen, which is then reduced to water. During the reduction and oxidation of complexes I, III and IV, protons are transferred from the matrix space to the ...
A new subfamily of fungal subtilases: structural and functional
A new subfamily of fungal subtilases: structural and functional

... protease substrate, was used as substrate. The gelatin zymography of samples from vanillic acid culture is shown in the same figure. The protease activity determined using SucAAPFpNa as substrate, as well as the zymogram analysis, indicated that the maximum activity of PoSl was reached in the first ...
De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly
De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly

... 1982; Jund et al., 1988; Mitterbauer et al., 2002). FUR4 belongs to the Nucleobase:Cation Symporter1 (NCS1) family of transport proteins, also known as purine-related transporters (Saier et al., 2009; www.tcdb.org). The closest Arabidopsis homolog to this protein is encoded by At5g03555. The deduced ...
Application of a bacterial two-hybrid system for the
Application of a bacterial two-hybrid system for the

... peak sizes of the recombinant proteins could be determined. For the monomers of FmhB, FemA and FemB, the measured molecular masses correlated well with the theoretical values derived from the amino acid sequences, and it was determined that FemA and FemB formed dimers (Fig. 3a, b; Table 3). GST-pull ...
Saito et al, 2009 - The EMBO Journal
Saito et al, 2009 - The EMBO Journal

De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly
De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly

... 1982; Jund et al., 1988; Mitterbauer et al., 2002). FUR4 belongs to the Nucleobase:Cation Symporter1 (NCS1) family of transport proteins, also known as purine-related transporters (Saier et al., 2009; www.tcdb.org). The closest Arabidopsis homolog to this protein is encoded by At5g03555. The deduced ...
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Magnesium transporter

This page links directly from the magnesium in biological systems page.Magnesium transporters are proteins that transport magnesium across the cell membrane. All forms of life require magnesium, yet the molecular mechanisms of Mg2+ uptake from the environment and the distribution of this vital element within the organism are only slowly being elucidated.In bacteria, Mg2+ is probably mainly supplied by the CorA protein and, where the CorA protein is absent, by the MgtE protein. In yeast the initial uptake is via the Alr1p and Alr2p proteins, but at this stage the only internal Mg2+ distributing protein identified is Mrs2p. Within the protozoa only one Mg2+ transporter (XntAp) has been identified. In metazoa, Mrs2p and MgtE homologues have been identified, along with two novel Mg2+ transport systems TRPM6/TRPM7 and PCLN-1. Finally, in plants, a family of Mrs2p homologues has been identified along with another novel protein, AtMHX.
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