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ENZYMES
ENZYMES

... such as oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis, produce a molecule that is suitable for conjugation. Those of importance in the metabolism of psychotropic drugs are CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, the last being responsible for the metabolism of more than 90% of psychotropic drugs that unde ...
lecture 9+10 - Antihypertensive (First Year)
lecture 9+10 - Antihypertensive (First Year)

... hypertension  Verapamil is more effective as cardiac depressant , is not used as antihypertensive agent .  Diltiazem .Used mainly for angina ...
NeuTropic™ Products - Biotics Research Corporation
NeuTropic™ Products - Biotics Research Corporation

... target various aspects of the nervous system, focusing mainly on neurological function. These three products work by various means, but ultimately target neurotransmitters and the optimal functioning of the receptors in the brain. PheniTropic™ beta-Phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid, is a derivative of ...
Trends in Biomedical Science
Trends in Biomedical Science

... reminiscence therapy, which uses items such as photographs and music to evoke memories from Alzheimer’s patients’ past and get them to talk about it. ...
Indivior: pioneering research and development in the treatment of
Indivior: pioneering research and development in the treatment of

... risk of potentially life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome if alcohol consumption suddenly stops. Chronic alcohol consumption affects nearly all neurotransmitter or neuromodulator systems, either directly or indirectly, with long-term adaptive changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor ...
Medical Pressure
Medical Pressure

... o Sodium thiosulphate increases metabolism of cyanide to thiocyanate o hydroxocobolamine combines with cyanide to form cyanocobolamine (non toxic) ❏ Thiocyanate accumulation cause thiocyanate toxicity ( in renal disease ) manifested as weakness, psychoses, muscle spasms and convulsions ...
Anti- CANCER drugs
Anti- CANCER drugs

... Alkylating Agents • One of the frightening developments of World War I was the introduction of chemical warfare. The nitrogen mustards were observed to inhibit cell growth, especially of bone marrow. Shortly after the war, these compounds were investigated and shown to inhibit the growth of cancer ...
Chapter 11 Objectives
Chapter 11 Objectives

... Many people who require dental care never go to the dentist because of fear and apprehension and for these patients antianxiety medicine may be necessary. The dose of a particular antianxiety agent is vastly different for each patient. The amount needed is poorly determined by the degree of anxiety ...
Review Demonstrates Very Low Incidence of Side Effects
Review Demonstrates Very Low Incidence of Side Effects

... the drug has been slow to take hold. Concerns have persisted about its toxicity, particularly among providers in low- and middle-income countries. A newly published article in the journal BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 1 presents the results of a review of the global literature to document the known o ...
Therapies, Careers in Psychology, and Ethics
Therapies, Careers in Psychology, and Ethics

... Many slides & activities are adapted from the Instructor’s Resources for your text or earlier versions of your text. Other resources used include Ahmad (2010) and Huffman’s (2010) Psychology in Action. Many slides & activities are adapted from the ...
Antiprotozoal Drugs - IHMC Public Cmaps (3)
Antiprotozoal Drugs - IHMC Public Cmaps (3)

... (b) It is effective against all species of coccidia on the sporozoites stage. Use is limited because of its tendency to induce drug resistance (due to its action on such an early stage of the asexual cycle). (3) Mechanism of action. It halts the development of the sporozoites or trophozoites of cocc ...
Levosimendan: The Next Dobutamine?
Levosimendan: The Next Dobutamine?

... and that is also increasingly the subject of clinical trials. To date, clinical experience with the drug is encouraging because it combines several beneficial actions that differ considerably from other cardiotonic drugs. ...
DRUG INTERACTIONS AND ANESTHESIA
DRUG INTERACTIONS AND ANESTHESIA

... - improvement of cholinergic transmission - nonselective MAO inhibition - inhibition of neuronal reuptake of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine ...
If Long-term Outcomes Are Considered, Is This An
If Long-term Outcomes Are Considered, Is This An

... out an exhaustive review of the sources from scientific evidence regarding the short and long term effectiveness of the medication . . . The result is disappointing and should lead to a modification of the [Clinical Practice Guidelines] to the use of drugs as tools of last resort, in a small number ...
Foundations in Microbiology
Foundations in Microbiology

... Drugs should kill or inhibit microbial cells without simultaneously damaging host tissues. As the characteristics of the infectious agent become more similar to the vertebrate host cell, complete selective toxicity becomes more difficult to achieve & more side effects are seen. ...
A reprint from - American Scientist
A reprint from - American Scientist

... Overdose quantities that are based on acute toxicity also do not take into account the probability that an individual will become addicted. This probability can be cast as a drug’s capture ratio: Of the people who sample a particular substance, what portion will become physiologically or psychologic ...
ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

... • Ideal for drugs that are quickly eliminated from the body ...
Major Drug Conventions
Major Drug Conventions

... drug control regime. • Previous treaties had only controlled opium , coca , and derivatives such as morphine and heroin. • The single Convention adopted in 1961 , consolidated those treaties , broadening their scope to include cannabis and allow control of any drugs with similar effects. • The Singl ...
Generic legislation of new psychoactive drugs
Generic legislation of new psychoactive drugs

... and the interaction with other drugs in the case of NPDs compared with conventional illegal drugs. For instance, intensive care personnel confronted with an NPD overdose are less experienced in recognizing and treating the symptoms. For example, Spice may contain cannabinoids (analogues of THC) that ...
EU Drug Markets Report - Emcdda
EU Drug Markets Report - Emcdda

... Illicit drugs are big business. They are one of the main profit-generating activities of organised crime and are estimated to represent around one-fifth of global crime proceeds. Every year, Europeans spend at least EUR 24 billion on illicit drugs. The negative impacts of illicit drug markets are mu ...
Issues In-Depth: Advancing Understanding of Drug Addiction and
Issues In-Depth: Advancing Understanding of Drug Addiction and

... proper mental functioning (recall the examples of Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia mentioned above, which result from malfunctions of the dopamine neurotransmitter systems). Blocking the reception of dopamine means that not only is the reward-pathway release of dopamine blocked as a result of d ...
GENERIC NAME: fluvoxamine
GENERIC NAME: fluvoxamine

... However, like other SSRIs, it also has been used in the treatment of major depression. It also has been used in the management of obesity, bulimia, schizophrenia, and panic disorder. DOSING: Fluvoxamine is given as a single daily dose, usually in the morning. As with all antidepressants, it may take ...
psych project
psych project

... generated stimuli, as opposed to conscious choice during waking being driven by external stimuli. (although external stimuli may still have an effect) b. Neural networks in other areas of the forebrain play a role in dreaming i. ...
Second-line anti
Second-line anti

... times weekly during the continuation phase, under close monitoring for adverse effects. ...
Mass Spectrometry-Toxicology
Mass Spectrometry-Toxicology

... •D2 (ergocalciferol) is found in plant foods. •D3 (cholecalciferol) is synthesized in the skin from sunlight and is also consumed via the intake of animalbased foods. •Both forms are commercially synthesized and found in dietary supplements or fortified foods. The normal range for Vitamin D is 30-60 ...
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Psychopharmacology



Psychopharmacology (from Greek ψῡχή, psȳkhē, ""breath, life, soul""; φάρμακον, pharmakon, ""drug""; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior. It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the correlation between drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system and changes in consciousness and behavior.The field of psychopharmacology studies a wide range of substances with various types of psychoactive properties, focusing primarily on the chemical interactions with the brain.Psychoactive drugs interact with particular target sites or receptors found in the nervous system to induce widespread changes in physiological or psychological functions. The specific interaction between drugs and their receptors is referred to as ""drug action"", and the widespread changes in physiological or psychological function is referred to as ""drug effect"". These drugs may originate from natural sources such as plants and animals, or from artificial sources such as chemical synthesis in the laboratory.
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