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PDT 2.0 - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
PDT 2.0 - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics

... - only the plural form exists at the m-layer, but sg/pl should be disambiguated at the t-layer polite form: "Viděl jste to, Petře?" (Did you see it, Petr?) complex verb form containing an auxiliary verb in plural at the m-layer, but at the t-layer the grammateme number (filled in the reconstructed # ...
Phrasal verbs in a modular lexicon model
Phrasal verbs in a modular lexicon model

... These multiple dimensions of meaning are represented in SIMPLE by means of an extended Qualia Structure model based on Pustejovsky (1995) encompassing a set of semantic relations such as is_a, part_of, has_as_parts, resulting state etc. for each qualia. Furthermore, regular polysemous classes are re ...
The Lexicon-Grammar of a Language: Application to French
The Lexicon-Grammar of a Language: Application to French

... The category of frozen adjectives can also be defined for examples such as: Bob is well-to-do The decision is clear-cut it does not differ essentially from verbs. Both of the major categories noun and adverb raise a question about the localization of meaning: these expressions do appear to contain t ...
Semantic Encoding of Danish Verbs in SIMPLE
Semantic Encoding of Danish Verbs in SIMPLE

... come back to in Section 3. In the case of krydse, however, there are no problems in assigning the value ‘transition’. Event type is followed by the four Qualia Roles, (i) the formal role, which provides information that distinguishes an entity within a larger set (krydse ‘Is_a’ ændring (cross ‘Is_a’ ...
That Clauses That - eesl542dwinter2012
That Clauses That - eesl542dwinter2012

... Unlike “John is easy to please” and other tough movement sentences, “John is eager to please” does not have a grammatical extraposed version with an infinitive complement. *It is eager to please John. (Cf. It is easy to please John.) “John is eager to please” has a different structure than John is ...
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... -The volcano Ixtaccihuatl in MX is a nahuatl word that means "sleeping woman" ...
THE PARTS OF SPEECH
THE PARTS OF SPEECH

... Conjunctions are also connecting words, but they can do much more than a preposition.  Conjunctions are words like: and, but, or, because, then, etc.  In contrast to a preposition, a conjunction can connect any two like elements together in a sentence.  Most notably, conjunctions have the ability ...
A “Gerund”
A “Gerund”

... •How many verbs can you find in this sentence? What are they? •loved , painting ...
as a downloadable  file
as a downloadable file

... relationships. For example, in the headline: POLICE SHOOT MAN WITH GUN, it is not specified whether the man had the gun or the police used the gun to shoot the man. Both interpretations are possible, and either makes sense. Ambiguity is often a source of humour. anaphora, anaphoric. Anaphora is the ...
Introduction to - Sulawesi Language Alliance
Introduction to - Sulawesi Language Alliance

... NOTE 1. It is not inconsistent to write the form banua miu as two words (kami and geira are not true possessive pronouns, but rather independent personal pronouns which take the place of possessives), because two syllable suffixes have a greater measure of independence than single syllable suffixes. ...
Cognitive Approaches to English
Cognitive Approaches to English

... demonstrates that there are principled reasons why certain types of conversions are not likely to occur. Part 2, Constructing meaning (between grammar and lexicon), carries five chapters dealing with phenomena ranging from various peculiarities of form-meaning pairings (such as synonymy, polysemy, a ...
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Nominative, Vocative and Accusative
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Nominative, Vocative and Accusative

... It functions as a simple adjective and can be so translated. AKA “genitive of quality.” C. Genitive of Possession (25) – modifies the head noun by identifying the person who owns it. Restricted to personal property (which in that day included persons) rather than ideas, names, abstract qualities, or ...
BASIC SENTENCE FORMS S=SUBJECT V=VERB (transitive or
BASIC SENTENCE FORMS S=SUBJECT V=VERB (transitive or

... __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___ ...
The role of abstract syntactic knowledge in language acquisition: a
The role of abstract syntactic knowledge in language acquisition: a

... a noun phrase following warn as a direct object, as in (7a). This causes comprehension delays if that noun phrase turns out to be the subject of a sentence complement, as in (7b). This “garden path” effect is much reduced or eliminated if the verb more frequently occurs with a sentence complement (e ...
Nominalizations in Ojibwe
Nominalizations in Ojibwe

... In the case of deverbal nouns as nominalization, fossilization, caramelization, etc., it appears that v is definitely present, since the suffix –ize from the corresponding verb (nominalize, fossilize, caramelize) surfaces in the deverbal noun. In fact, since the heuristics in Distributed Morphology ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... Direct Object pronouns stand for someone or something that directly receives the action of a verb. Their forms agree with the noun they’re replacing: me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los, or las. For placement, see page 24 in your text book. To tell someone to do something, use the affirmative command form. ...
00-IJAL 70.3.book
00-IJAL 70.3.book

... to someone’; tho4+d- ‘answer’ ~ tho4+t- ‘answer someone’; k´+d- ‘wear something below waist’ ~ k´+t- ‘dress someone below the waist’; ?´+d- ‘hear’ ~ ?´+t- ‘obey’; etc.6 The language has a substantial number of patterns like this (see Palancar [forthcoming] for SI Otomi and Voigtlander and Bartholome ...
Grades 6-8 grammar alignment and common definitions Idea
Grades 6-8 grammar alignment and common definitions Idea

... participles end in -ing. Past participles end in -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne as in the words asked, eaten, saved, dealt, seen, and gone. The crying baby had a wet diaper. Shaken, he walked away from the wrecked car. The burning log fell off the fire. Smiling, she hugged the panting dog. An infiniti ...
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... turns out that it is obviously of utmost importance to set up a strategy of annotation for some semantic phenomena such as idiomatic expressions, compounds etc., when a sense does not correspond to one single orthographic word. The ELSNET experiment was therefore useful to highlight issues which had ...
Form and meaning in morphology: the case of Dutch `agent nouns
Form and meaning in morphology: the case of Dutch `agent nouns

... affixes is also expressed, be it indirectly, by adhering to AronofT's (1976) one-affix-a-rule hypothesis and writing separate rules for each of the synonymous suffixes. The blocking argument is also problematic. First, the formulation of rule (3) by itself does not account for blocking because it do ...
Sentence Variety
Sentence Variety

... Common Prepositions about above across against among at behind below ...
LANGUAGE ARTS - Amazon Web Services
LANGUAGE ARTS - Amazon Web Services

... In the first sentence learning is used with the auxiliary verb was; in the second learning, with a modifier, tells how Mary came to be at the head of her class. To distinguish a verb phrase from a participle used as an adjective, remember that the participle will never have a helping verb, whether i ...
Appositives & Appositive Phrases
Appositives & Appositive Phrases

... A phrase is a group of related words that acts as a single part of speech. ...
Grammatical terminology recommended by the LAGB for use in
Grammatical terminology recommended by the LAGB for use in

... relationships. For example, in the headline: POLICE SHOOT MAN WITH GUN, it is not specified whether the man had the gun or the police used the gun to shoot the man. Both interpretations are possible, and either makes sense. Ambiguity is often a source of humour. anaphora, anaphoric. Anaphora is the ...
8) Bepassiveperfect
8) Bepassiveperfect

... broken my leg. I have learned English in my childhood. ...
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Navajo grammar

Navajo is a ""verb-heavy"" language — it has a great preponderance of verbs but relatively few nouns. In addition to verbs and nouns, Navajo has other elements such as pronouns, clitics of various functions, demonstratives, numerals, postpositions, adverbs, and conjunctions, among others. Harry Hoijer grouped all of the above into a word-class he called particles (i.e., Navajo would then have verbs, nouns, and particles). Navajo has no separate words that correspond to the adjectives in English grammar: verbs provide the adjectival functionality.
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