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Dative verbs: A crosslinguistic perspective
Dative verbs: A crosslinguistic perspective

... M. Rappaport Hovav and B. Levin point out that many uses of give-type verbs simply show a causation of possession meaning, even in the to variant. To illustrate this point, they note that if a court gives a parent visiting rights, the court simply confers these rights on the parent; it does not have ...
Nominalization in Yami*
Nominalization in Yami*

... out by others. Some have even hypothesized that these indicative verb forms were derived by nominalization. However, the relationship between nominalization and the evolution of the focus system cannot be fully understood without complete descriptions of nominalization throughout Austronesia. This p ...
teaching technical english writing
teaching technical english writing

... Words are classified according to the jobs they perform in sentences. Some name or otherwise identify people and objects; others express action, connect other words, or do still other kinds of work. There are eight main ways in which words are used in sentences; the eight kinds of words that perform ...
How to label accent position in spontaneous speech boundary labels.
How to label accent position in spontaneous speech boundary labels.

... and below, accentuated syllables/words are capitalized. Actually, the rst two functions highlight certain aspects of the third function, saliency. To put it as simply as it is, the speaker draws the attention of the listeners to those items that are accentuated. If alternatives are possible, accent ...
chapter i - Cmadras.com
chapter i - Cmadras.com

... important, as all the others are more or less dependent upon it. A Noun signifies the name of any person, place or thing, in fact, anything of which we can have either thought or idea. There are two kinds of Nouns, Proper and Common. Common Nouns are names which belong in common to a race or class, ...
On the Semantics of the Perfective Aspect
On the Semantics of the Perfective Aspect

... Clearly, the action done as part of an accomplishment may either be performed all the way or stopped at any point. In a language such as English, the use of a simple verb (SV) by default indicates that the natural endpoint is reached, but an additional description is required to state that the actio ...
Phrases
Phrases

... A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of that object. EXAMPLES during the days with us of noble deeds about them A prepositional phrase can have more than one object. EXAMPLE for the parents and their children EXERCISE A cross-out each prepos ...
The Notion of Surface-Syntactic Relation Revisited
The Notion of Surface-Syntactic Relation Revisited

... SSyntRel, since in such cases the substitution by the DE-phrase is always possible. However, the defining properties of the Ds in both constructions do not warrant such a unification. An agreeing adjectival modifier and a prepositional phrase are so dissimilar in their SSynt-properties that there is ...
Destinos: 27-52 The Main Grammar Points, and Exercises with
Destinos: 27-52 The Main Grammar Points, and Exercises with

... understand what a clause is. Before explaining this simple grammatical term, and the difference between dependent and independent clauses, you should know that there are four types of dependent clauses that we shall study: noun, adjective, adverb, and clauses that begin with si=if. We shall be start ...
Grammar Structures
Grammar Structures

... notions like consonant doubling, omission of final e, words ending in -ge and -ce, the suffix -ful, words ending in y, ie and ei, as well as usage of hyphens, are discussed. Both English grammars (written in Swedish) have added advice for English writing. The same can be said about the Oxford editi ...
ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE INDICATING DEVICES (IFID) MOOD IN
ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE INDICATING DEVICES (IFID) MOOD IN

... In a more detailed analysisone of the devises that make the difference between the various kinds of sentences is the modality, which is itself the expression of the speaker’s attitude uponhis utterance, (in close relation to the objective reality). This speaker’s attitude in the Albanian language c ...
Compounds - ELTE / SEAS
Compounds - ELTE / SEAS

... combining forms – Latin and Greek roots – are obviously not affixes, since affixes cannot combine with each other. ...
2005 - Dr. Lukas Pietsch
2005 - Dr. Lukas Pietsch

... non-standard agreement forms, which have spread through the modern vernaculars. Some of these even appear to have the status of ‘vernacular universals’ (Chambers 2004). Within this complex field of variation, one pattern stands out as particularly interesting, both from a historical and from a theor ...
(I) Word Classes and Phrases
(I) Word Classes and Phrases

...  The whole town wanted the outlaw dead. Almost always comes after the Predicator. Her voice sounds lovely. The tea tastes foul. The first thing I did was open all the windows. A = ADVERBIAL ...
the morphology-syntax interface - University of the Basque Country
the morphology-syntax interface - University of the Basque Country

... and they show many of their properties. The morphological differences are captured in Remarks by a set of lexical redundancy rules. The introduction of the more abstract and simple X-bar schemata allows Chomsky to account for the syntactic parallelisms between these three types of expressions (verbs ...
N - english4success.ru
N - english4success.ru

... The book is designed for the students of the senior courses of the University faculties of foreign languages and Teachers' Training Colleges. The aim of the book is therefore to lead the students to a scientific understanding of new assumptions and views of language as system, keeping abreast of the ...
UNIVERSITY OF PARDUBICE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES ASPECT IN ENGLISH AND CZECH
UNIVERSITY OF PARDUBICE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES ASPECT IN ENGLISH AND CZECH

... other time-point, but rather with the internal temporal constituency of the situation. 'One could state the difference as one between situation-internal time (aspect) and situation external time (tense). (Comrie 1976, 5) For example, a sequence of forms with perfective meaning like, 'the wind tore o ...
2244 KB
2244 KB

... which in this case is not a verb, let alone a transfer verb. In all o f the examples (1)—(3), the appropriate inputs are simply lacking. These examples therefore suggest that the lexical-rule based model o f the applicative pattern is inadequate. These examples also disturb the neat picture o f cons ...
1 Possessive voice in Wolof: A rara type of valency operator 1
1 Possessive voice in Wolof: A rara type of valency operator 1

... –le, if there is a possessive relationship between two entities, possession is obligatory marked by the internal possessive marker. Without this marker, the possession is not clear. For example, Tabaxle naa ko kër gi means “I helped him build the house”, the house can be possessed by me, by him or b ...
Counterfactuality and Future Time Reference
Counterfactuality and Future Time Reference

... According to (16-c), (16-a) is true at w0 and now if and only if in all worlds w ′ that are best with respect to an epistemic modal base and a stereotypical ordering source at hw0 , nowi there is a time t′ in the future of the utterance time at which it does not rain in w ′. (This reading is too wea ...
How to Speak and Write Correctly by Joseph Devlin, M.A.
How to Speak and Write Correctly by Joseph Devlin, M.A.

... Adjective, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction and Interjection. Of these, the Noun is the most important, as all the others are more or less dependent upon it. A Noun signifies the name of any person, place or thing, in fact, anything of which we can have either thought or idea. There a ...
Key to Comments and Commonly Confused Words http://www.wsu
Key to Comments and Commonly Confused Words http://www.wsu

... NC. No comma is needed between two parts of a compound construction. For example, no comma is needed between the two verbs in this sentence: • Incorrect: In "Young Goodman Brown," Hawthorne depicts the stranger as representing the devil, and portrays him as being a part of us. • Correct: In "Young G ...
Prepositions & Prepositional Phrases
Prepositions & Prepositional Phrases

... For example: Do these sentences use “to” as a preposition? Shari left the house and walked to the store. Find the boys, give this letter to them, and return. Check out my report to learn about giraffes. The ...
Practice - Macmillan/McGraw-Hill
Practice - Macmillan/McGraw-Hill

... • A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period. Some people like to snowshoe in the winter. • An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark. Have you ever enjoyed this winter activity? • An imperative sentence tells or asks someone to do something. It end ...
1 Non-nominative subjects in Hindi/Urdu VP
1 Non-nominative subjects in Hindi/Urdu VP

... If reflexive binding of uninflected non-phrasal anaphors is confined to subjects, then we can conclude that the ergative and dative DPs are both in Specifier of TENSE position, or whatever functional projection which is outside the V projection and which hosts the reflexive clitic and its antecedent ...
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Portuguese grammar

Portuguese grammar, the morphology and syntax of the Portuguese language, is similar to the grammar of most other Romance languages—especially that of Spanish, and even more so to that of Galician. It is a relatively synthetic, fusional language.Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and articles are moderately inflected: there are two genders (masculine and feminine) and two numbers (singular and plural). The case system of the ancestor language, Latin, has been lost, but personal pronouns are still declined with three main types of forms: subject, object of verb, and object of preposition. Most nouns and many adjectives can take diminutive or augmentative derivational suffixes, and most adjectives can take a so-called ""superlative"" derivational suffix. Adjectives usually follow the noun.Verbs are highly inflected: there are three tenses (past, present, future), three moods (indicative, subjunctive, imperative), three aspects (perfective, imperfective, and progressive), three voices (active, passive, reflexive), and an inflected infinitive. Most perfect and imperfect tenses are synthetic, totaling 11 conjugational paradigms, while all progressive tenses and passive constructions are periphrastic. As in other Romance languages, there is also an impersonal passive construction, with the agent replaced by an indefinite pronoun. Portuguese is basically an SVO language, although SOV syntax may occur with a few object pronouns, and word order is generally not as rigid as in English. It is a null subject language, with a tendency to drop object pronouns as well, in colloquial varieties. Like Spanish, it has two main copular verbs: ser and estar.It has a number of grammatical features that distinguish it from most other Romance languages, such as a synthetic pluperfect, a future subjunctive tense, the inflected infinitive, and a present perfect with an iterative sense. A rare feature of Portuguese is mesoclisis, the infixing of clitic pronouns in some verbal forms.
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