Participles and (non-)finiteness: the case of Akhvakh
... non-finite verb forms lack argument indexation and/or TAM distinctions obligatorily expressed by finite forms; syntactically, they head phrases whose internal structure can be recognized as clausal, but clauses headed by non-finite verb forms cannot function as independent sentences. 1.3. Participle ...
... non-finite verb forms lack argument indexation and/or TAM distinctions obligatorily expressed by finite forms; syntactically, they head phrases whose internal structure can be recognized as clausal, but clauses headed by non-finite verb forms cannot function as independent sentences. 1.3. Participle ...
Double Verb Lesson and practice
... Essential question: How do I use more than one verb in a phrase?? ...
... Essential question: How do I use more than one verb in a phrase?? ...
Prepositions versus Conjunctions
... Prepositions are connecting words. They connect nominals into a sentence. Prepositions are words like: on, over, to, from, about, for, against, with, between, etc. In general, a preposition “glues” a noun or pronoun into a sentence. That is, a preposition is only able to connect a noun element into ...
... Prepositions are connecting words. They connect nominals into a sentence. Prepositions are words like: on, over, to, from, about, for, against, with, between, etc. In general, a preposition “glues” a noun or pronoun into a sentence. That is, a preposition is only able to connect a noun element into ...
Singular versus Plural - The Gatza/Goodman Goods!
... of sentences are SINGULAR: everyone, anyone, everybody, each, one, either, neither, no one, nobody, anything, another, anybody. – Example: Everyone (go, goes) to the game. – Subject: – Verb: ...
... of sentences are SINGULAR: everyone, anyone, everybody, each, one, either, neither, no one, nobody, anything, another, anybody. – Example: Everyone (go, goes) to the game. – Subject: – Verb: ...
Bound Morphemes
... It can not be divided into smaller meaningful parts without violating its meaning or without meaningless remainder. It occurs in different verbal environment with relatively stable meaning. Example: the word “straight” Can you divide it into smaller meaningful units? (no) – It can be combined with o ...
... It can not be divided into smaller meaningful parts without violating its meaning or without meaningless remainder. It occurs in different verbal environment with relatively stable meaning. Example: the word “straight” Can you divide it into smaller meaningful units? (no) – It can be combined with o ...
Singular, Plural Imperative
... • A singular imperative gives a command to one person. • In Latin, the singular imperative is the same as the present stem of the verb…drop the –re from the infinitive. ...
... • A singular imperative gives a command to one person. • In Latin, the singular imperative is the same as the present stem of the verb…drop the –re from the infinitive. ...
The Syntactic Level
... The teacher refused the school's offer. The teacher declined the school's offer. The teacher rejected the school's offer. The teacher said no to the school's offer Generally speaking, the three sentences above are semantically equivalent despite changes in the part-of-speech or the sentence structur ...
... The teacher refused the school's offer. The teacher declined the school's offer. The teacher rejected the school's offer. The teacher said no to the school's offer Generally speaking, the three sentences above are semantically equivalent despite changes in the part-of-speech or the sentence structur ...
Morphology and cross dependencies in the synthesis of
... ambiguity, while it should not be synthesized if the number of elements in L3 is greater than one since it would lead to ambiguity. Yet, it is well known that pragmatic and structure parallelism considerations may allow a pronoun to be non ambiguous even if L3 has more than one element (G. Hirst 198 ...
... ambiguity, while it should not be synthesized if the number of elements in L3 is greater than one since it would lead to ambiguity. Yet, it is well known that pragmatic and structure parallelism considerations may allow a pronoun to be non ambiguous even if L3 has more than one element (G. Hirst 198 ...
Argument Strurcture and Semantic Change
... involving AS and semantics in the relatively shallow diachrony of modern English. Keywords. argument structure; semantics; lexical semantics; diachrony; English 1. Introduction There is a general scholarly consensus that Argument Structure (AS) and meaning are closely related; however, the exact nat ...
... involving AS and semantics in the relatively shallow diachrony of modern English. Keywords. argument structure; semantics; lexical semantics; diachrony; English 1. Introduction There is a general scholarly consensus that Argument Structure (AS) and meaning are closely related; however, the exact nat ...
Trond Trosterud University of Tromsø
... Grammar-based disambiguation has been known to provide good results, compared to stochastically-based approaches [5]. Looking at minority languages, the arguments in favour of grammarbased approaches are even stronger. In the cases of the Sámi languages or the Uralic languages of Russia, there is n ...
... Grammar-based disambiguation has been known to provide good results, compared to stochastically-based approaches [5]. Looking at minority languages, the arguments in favour of grammarbased approaches are even stronger. In the cases of the Sámi languages or the Uralic languages of Russia, there is n ...
1 Parts-of-speech systems - Beck-Shop
... nouns occur with articles like the: the girl vs *the Mary), count and mass (on the basis of whether or not they occur in the plural: chairs vs *furnitures), etc. And the class of English verbs may be divided into such subclasses as transitive and intransitive (on the basis of occurrence with objects ...
... nouns occur with articles like the: the girl vs *the Mary), count and mass (on the basis of whether or not they occur in the plural: chairs vs *furnitures), etc. And the class of English verbs may be divided into such subclasses as transitive and intransitive (on the basis of occurrence with objects ...
A step-by-step introduction to the Government and Binding theory of
... This text is designed to provide a data-motivated, stepwise introduction to the main tenets of the Government and Binding (GB) theory of Syntax, which was developed mainly by Chomsky (1981, 1982, 1986). The content of the articles is excerpted from the Syntax II course I taught at the Summer Institu ...
... This text is designed to provide a data-motivated, stepwise introduction to the main tenets of the Government and Binding (GB) theory of Syntax, which was developed mainly by Chomsky (1981, 1982, 1986). The content of the articles is excerpted from the Syntax II course I taught at the Summer Institu ...
Glossary of Grammatical Terms
... The subjunctive is the mood used in statements of hypothetical conditions or of wishes, recommendations, requirements, demands, or suggestions. Normally the subjunctive requires either a modal auxiliary or a subjunctive verb form. I wish I could go. [modal auxiliary expressing a wish] I wish I were ...
... The subjunctive is the mood used in statements of hypothetical conditions or of wishes, recommendations, requirements, demands, or suggestions. Normally the subjunctive requires either a modal auxiliary or a subjunctive verb form. I wish I could go. [modal auxiliary expressing a wish] I wish I were ...
levin`s verb classes and basque. a comparative approach
... -Bound nonreflexive anaphor as prepositional object -Directional phrases with Nondirected Motion Verbs -Obligatory Adverb -Obligatory negative Polarity Element (?) ...
... -Bound nonreflexive anaphor as prepositional object -Directional phrases with Nondirected Motion Verbs -Obligatory Adverb -Obligatory negative Polarity Element (?) ...
Lk 12_18 - Amador Bible Studies
... 1. “And then he said, ‘I will do this:” a. After thinking for some unknown duration, the rich farmer comes to a decision as to what he will do to solve his overabundance of crops problem. The man is of course talking to himself, since the previous verse has informed us that he was “thinking to himse ...
... 1. “And then he said, ‘I will do this:” a. After thinking for some unknown duration, the rich farmer comes to a decision as to what he will do to solve his overabundance of crops problem. The man is of course talking to himself, since the previous verse has informed us that he was “thinking to himse ...
Lesson 22 Day 3
... main ideas. Then I ask myself, What is the big idea? What does the author want me to remember about this topic? Let’s identify the author’s message for “Bat Loves the Night.” What did you learn from “Bat Loves the Night?” I learned about how bats hunt and feed their ...
... main ideas. Then I ask myself, What is the big idea? What does the author want me to remember about this topic? Let’s identify the author’s message for “Bat Loves the Night.” What did you learn from “Bat Loves the Night?” I learned about how bats hunt and feed their ...
Unparallel Structure DEFINITION
... drinks, ignoring the principles of good nutrition. HAVING TROUBLE? Let’s look at clauses, phrases, and words to see how parallelism is constructed with each sentence component. Understanding the building blocks of sentences will make it easier to see parallelism. Clauses and Parallelism DEFINITION: ...
... drinks, ignoring the principles of good nutrition. HAVING TROUBLE? Let’s look at clauses, phrases, and words to see how parallelism is constructed with each sentence component. Understanding the building blocks of sentences will make it easier to see parallelism. Clauses and Parallelism DEFINITION: ...
Los pronombres de complemento directo e indirecto
... Indirect object pronouns are often used in sentences in which the direct object is a part of the body or a personal possession. Compare Spanish and English usage: ...
... Indirect object pronouns are often used in sentences in which the direct object is a part of the body or a personal possession. Compare Spanish and English usage: ...
Language and Composition Terms
... features of a writer’s work from those dictated by convention. genre – The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. However, genre is a flexible term; within these broad boundaries exist many subdivisions that are often called ge ...
... features of a writer’s work from those dictated by convention. genre – The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. However, genre is a flexible term; within these broad boundaries exist many subdivisions that are often called ge ...
CHAPTER 2 | Nouns and Verbs
... If gender is unpredictable, then reason cannot help you with it. The safest way to handle gender is to use your memory and learn a noun’s gender along with its meaning (don’t leave it for later, you’ll get lost). And if those familiar with another gender language are looking for analogies to get som ...
... If gender is unpredictable, then reason cannot help you with it. The safest way to handle gender is to use your memory and learn a noun’s gender along with its meaning (don’t leave it for later, you’ll get lost). And if those familiar with another gender language are looking for analogies to get som ...
Prepositions - BasicComposition.Com
... Grammar Prepositions Prepositions begin phrases that m odify other w ord s in the sentence. Often, they d escribe tim e or space relationships, show ing how a noun or pronoun relates to another w ord w ithin a sentence. ...
... Grammar Prepositions Prepositions begin phrases that m odify other w ord s in the sentence. Often, they d escribe tim e or space relationships, show ing how a noun or pronoun relates to another w ord w ithin a sentence. ...
English Morphology – Lecture 1
... an English dictionary, but when they associate they form a compound word • The meaning of the union is not necessarily a function of the meaning of the two combining words. For ex. a lighthouse is neither a light nor a house. This process is called word compounding. ...
... an English dictionary, but when they associate they form a compound word • The meaning of the union is not necessarily a function of the meaning of the two combining words. For ex. a lighthouse is neither a light nor a house. This process is called word compounding. ...
Chapter 13
... Thus we can see a partial overlap of grammars. English, for a specified set of verbs, allows missing subjects as if it were Spanish. But the grammatical overlap does not extend to subordinate clauses. Languages of the world consistently allow more variation in the top clause than in subordinate clau ...
... Thus we can see a partial overlap of grammars. English, for a specified set of verbs, allows missing subjects as if it were Spanish. But the grammatical overlap does not extend to subordinate clauses. Languages of the world consistently allow more variation in the top clause than in subordinate clau ...
Simple Sentences
... Progressive Tense Examples When Mark gets home from work, Hannah is often studying. Eric usually goes out to eat on Fridays. This Friday, however, he is cooking at home. ...
... Progressive Tense Examples When Mark gets home from work, Hannah is often studying. Eric usually goes out to eat on Fridays. This Friday, however, he is cooking at home. ...
reason for using passives
... ... is thought/believed/said/asked/seen/made etc to ... She is thought to have left home. He is believed to be in Wales. They are said to be millionaires. I was asked to help. Note that we use to-infinitives in the passive after see, hear and make. He was seen to enter the bank. I was made to tell t ...
... ... is thought/believed/said/asked/seen/made etc to ... She is thought to have left home. He is believed to be in Wales. They are said to be millionaires. I was asked to help. Note that we use to-infinitives in the passive after see, hear and make. He was seen to enter the bank. I was made to tell t ...
Lexical semantics
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.