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Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination
Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination

... words into phrases and sentences. As with other aspects of language, syntactic structures are principled and systematic, with the potential for detailed analysis and description. Words that occur in phrases and sentences can be shown not only to have semantic, or meaningful, relationships to each ot ...
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... Nouns/noun phrases embedded in the VP, like the traditional direct and indirect object, may also contain embedded elements. It should be added that, minimally, there may be only one noun/noun phrase functioning as subject of the VP, but there can be more such nouns/noun phrases connected to the same ...
Studia orientalia 111
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... In Classical Arabic (CA) and MSA, temporal forms are expressed by the verb. As it is not the focus of interest of this article, I will not elaborate on the ongoing disagreements about whether Arabic as a language is “temporal” – or, as several scholars (e.g. Reckendorf) have claimed, should instead ...
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... The Kingdom of Nepal is a land-locked country, positioned between China and the Tibetan plateau to the north and India to the south. The country may be divided geographically into three primary regions: in the north, the Himalayas, the world’s highest mountain range; in the center, many ranges of ve ...
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... (8) *The road was still blocked by snowdrifts, it seemed that. How can we explain the formation of the adverb seemingly in sentences (4) , (5) , and (6) which seems to be somewhat related to it seemed (that ) in sentences ( l), (2), and (3) respectively? I just mentioned it seemed in sentence Cl) as ...
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... This is often presented in courses and texts as a very challenging topic, and I have never understood why. The clause is very similar to the original thing said, with a front end added. The only wrinkle is that the "connector" word ("that" in our English sentences) may cause mutations. (And remember ...
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... By “classical” raising a sole argument is usually raised to the main clause, while the rest of the dependent clause preserves its clausal properties and the clausal boundary. However, for English it has been argued that by raising the clausal boundary is weakened (cf. Postal 1974). I show that in n ...
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On the Reciprocal in Ndebele - Nordic Journal of African Studies

... marker (SM) and object marker (OM) that cross-reference noun phrases (NPs), tense/aspect, modality, etc. are prefixed. The reciprocal in Ndebele, like in most Bantu languages, is clearly marked by the verbal suffix -an-. It denotes “action […] performed […] by someone or something upon another and v ...
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... A DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVE usually tells what kind, which one or how many. e.g.: dreary weather, this camera, two tickets A LIMITING ADJECTIVE makes the noun or pronoun it modifies more specific or concrete. Some limiting adjectives are few, every, both, each, several, any, some, most and one. ARTICLES ...
the morphology-syntax interface - University of the Basque Country
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... in Remarks by a set of lexical redundancy rules. The introduction of the more abstract and simple X-bar schemata allows Chomsky to account for the syntactic parallelisms between these three types of expressions (verbs, DNs and GNs) in a uniform way. The idea that some DNs belong in the Lexicon rathe ...
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... To connect nouns: Summer school is not easy but difficult. Both trees and flowers grow colorfully during summer. To connect adjectives: Summer camp offers not only swimming but also camping instruction. Kids enjoy both wet and dry sports. To connect prepositional phrases: I'll take my vacation eithe ...
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Accusative subjects in Avestan
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... they are motivated by the fact that at the time of composition, the distinction between nominative and accusative was no longer clear. Accusatives in place of nominatives are also mentioned in Reichelt’s grammar (1909: 226). Reichelt refers to Spiegel’s list and adds some examples of his own. Even t ...
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Serbo-Croatian grammar

Serbo-Croatian is a South Slavic language that has, like most other Slavic languages, an extensive system of inflection. This article describes exclusively the grammar of the Shtokavian dialect, which is a part of the South Slavic dialect continuum and the basis for the Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian standard variants of Serbo-Croatian.Pronouns, nouns, adjectives, and some numerals decline (change the word ending to reflect case, i.e. grammatical category and function), whereas verbs conjugate for person and tense. As in all other Slavic languages, the basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO); however, due to the use of declension to show sentence structure, word order is not as important as in languages that tend toward analyticity such as English or Chinese. Deviations from the standard SVO order are stylistically marked and may be employed to convey a particular emphasis, mood or overall tone, according to the intentions of the speaker or writer. Often, such deviations will sound literary, poetical, or archaic.Nouns have three grammatical genders, masculine, feminine and neuter, that correspond to a certain extent with the word ending, so that most nouns ending in -a are feminine, -o and -e neuter, and the rest mostly masculine with a small but important class of feminines. The grammatical gender of a noun affects the morphology of other parts of speech (adjectives, pronouns, and verbs) attached to it. Nouns are declined into seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative, locative, and instrumental.Verbs are divided into two broad classes according to their aspect, which can be either perfective (signifying a completed action) or imperfective (action is incomplete or repetitive). There are seven tenses, four of which (present, perfect, future I and II) are used in contemporary Serbo-Croatian, and the other three (aorist, imperfect and plusquamperfect) used much less frequently—the plusquamperfect is generally limited to written language and some more educated speakers, whereas the aorist and imperfect are considered stylistically marked and rather archaic. However, some non-standard dialects make considerable (and thus unmarked) use of those tenses.All Serbo-Croatian lexemes in this article are spelled in accented form in Latin alphabet, as well as in both accents (Ijekavian and Ekavian, with Ijekavian bracketed) where these differ (see Serbo-Croatian phonology.)
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