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句法理論研究習題第三章
句法理論研究習題第三章

... same as the category of the suffix: “ize” and “modernize”; “ation” and “modernization”. For “modernization”, the morpheme “ation” is viewed as the head of the complex category, since it determines the category of the derived complex. This case justifies the Righthand Head Rule. 4. “Interpret” is a v ...
PSSA 5th Grade WRITING Eligible Content
PSSA 5th Grade WRITING Eligible Content

... 2. Betty has taught for ten years. (present perfect) The implication in (1) is that Betty has retired; in (2), that she is still teaching. 1. John did his homework. He can go to the movies. 2. If John has done his homework, he can go to the movies. Infinitives, too, have perfect tense forms when com ...
Document
Document

... Passive: The object of an Active sentence becomes the subject of a Passive sentence (Object+Be + pp + by + subject). The tense of the verb BE matches the tense of the original action verb. If it is important, the subject can be mentioned at the end, using by. Only transitive verbs can be used in the ...
Endocentric(向心结构)
Endocentric(向心结构)

... A common syntactic pattern in English and other languages formed by grouping together two or more categories of the same type with the help of a conjunction such as and, but and or. This phenomenon is known as coordination. ...
1 MODIFIERS A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that describes
1 MODIFIERS A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that describes

... Arthur was extremely tired at the end of the day. Here, the adverb extremely describes the adjective tired. (How tired is he? Extremely.) Prepositional Phrases Prepositions are words that describe the place, direction, or time of something. In sentences, they are combined with nouns to form preposit ...
Lecture 2. Review of English Grammar
Lecture 2. Review of English Grammar

... Who is the director? What did they say about the paper? Which is your car? ...
document
document

...  The noun may be sing., pl. or uncountable.  May or may not be separated from the preposition by a/an, the, some or an adjective (often good or bad). at times on good terms Beneath contempt out of use For the time being to some extent In (good) time under offer ...
5. Verb Phrase: Aspect and Tense Aspect Aspect in English There
5. Verb Phrase: Aspect and Tense Aspect Aspect in English There

... (progressive/nonprogressive) - expresses the distinction between the speaker's viewing a given action in its duration or without the focus on the course of the action. Morphology of aspect: The aspectual oppositions are realised by means of constant grammatical markers for each type of aspect: Unmar ...
The Eight Parts of Speech
The Eight Parts of Speech

...  Interjection- An interjection is a word that shows strong emotion. Such examples are Wow!, Ouch!, Hurray!, and Oh no!  Interjections can really liven up a sentence. They help to add voice to your writing. Check this out. Whew! I am so glad to have passed my exam. The word “Whew!” shows that I am ...
Comparative Constructions II
Comparative Constructions II

... subject pronouns can be reduced.  For example:  I told you about the girl who lives next door.  I told you about the girl living next door.  How to reduce relative clauses:  Omitting the pronoun and the verb be: The ideas which are presented in that book are good.  The ideas presented in ...
CONGRUENCE LANGUAGES AND WORD ORDER
CONGRUENCE LANGUAGES AND WORD ORDER

... This sentence, taken from a textbook5, displays a word order – OVS, used twice – which is very frequent, though not basic, in the case-less congruence languages in Europe (the basic word order in Catalan is SVO). Though the four noun phrases are not formally marked for case, there is no ambiguity co ...
Comparative Constructions II
Comparative Constructions II

... subject pronouns can be reduced.  For example:  I told you about the girl who lives next door.  I told you about the girl living next door.  How to reduce relative clauses:  Omitting the pronoun and the verb be: The ideas which are presented in that book are good.  The ideas presented in ...
The Eight Parts of Speech
The Eight Parts of Speech

...  Interjection- An interjection is a word that shows strong emotion. Such examples are Wow!, Ouch!, Hurray!, and Oh no!  Interjections can really liven up a sentence. They help to add voice to your writing. Check this out. Whew! I am so glad to have passed my exam. The word “Whew!” shows that I am ...
NOUNS, VERBS, AND ADJECTIVES
NOUNS, VERBS, AND ADJECTIVES

... directions and the example one at a time allowing time for students to write each sentence. [This assesses LAD 13161 (patterns and rules in English).] Prior to the class when you are giving the Diagnostic Assessment, choose a song that has a simple message. The choice should be appropriate for the a ...
PART III The Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, and Conditional Tense
PART III The Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, and Conditional Tense

... We are eating sauerkraut now. We eat sauerkraut often or regularly. We are/will be eating sauerkraut soon. (Let’s hope there is some good pork with all this sauerkraut!) The present tense is also used with seit and the dative to express actions, conditions, or states that are still continuing but be ...
This page doesn*t mean you don*t need the books
This page doesn*t mean you don*t need the books

... DO is used as follows: 1. DO is used when talking about work, jobs or tasks. Note, they do not produce any physical object. Have you done your homework? 2. DO is used when we refer to activities in general without being specific. In these cases, we normally use words like thing, something, nothing, ...
Declarative sentences - Mrs. Paulson`s Class
Declarative sentences - Mrs. Paulson`s Class

... 1. A mouse ran across the squeaky floor. 2. We will ride the school bus today. 3. I mowed the lawn today. 4. Ms. Schroeder is an awesome teacher. ...
Español 1: REPASO DE SEMESTRE 2
Español 1: REPASO DE SEMESTRE 2

... Translate to Spanish: Where are you going? ______________________________________________________ What are you going to do? _________________________________________________________________________________  ‘al or a la” p126 What is the difference? __________________________________________________ ...
prepositional, appositive, participles, gerunds
prepositional, appositive, participles, gerunds

... Usually (but not always), an absolute phrase is a group of words consisting of a noun or pronoun and a participle as well as any related modifiers. Absolute phrases do not directly connect to or modify any specific word in the rest of the sentence; instead, they modify the entire sentence, adding in ...
2. ENGLISH. GRAMMAR UNIT 2 PAST SIMPLE AND PAST
2. ENGLISH. GRAMMAR UNIT 2 PAST SIMPLE AND PAST

... I was watching TV when she called. I was listening to my mp3, so I didn´t hear the fire alarm. *Important: In the simple past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the continuous past, a specific time only interrupts the action: Last night al 6 PM, I was eating dinner ...
FRENCH INTENSIVE COURSE – SSAP EI Purpan – Toulouse
FRENCH INTENSIVE COURSE – SSAP EI Purpan – Toulouse

... General aim of the course: The aim of this crash course is to give students a basic grasp of French & enable them to deal with simple, everyday situations. Introduction - How to introduce yourself - Numbers & measures 1) The general structure of the sentence - The different types of sentences: inter ...
CAREER ENGLISH Main Idea *is important information that tells
CAREER ENGLISH Main Idea *is important information that tells

... Cause and Effect: as a result, consequently, hence, therefore, thus Contrast: on the other hand, on the contrary Condition – Consequence: or else, otherwise Concession – Contra-expectation: however, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding PARALLELISM (this whole part is from the internet. Online ...
Serial verb constructions in Mwotlap
Serial verb constructions in Mwotlap

... clauses, which is typical of a nominative-accusative system. In the absence of any sort of casemarking, the syntactic function of the core arguments is indicated by their syntactic position. Verbs are either strictly intransitive or strictly transitive, a few being ambivalent (mainly of the S=A type ...
Aspects of Grammar Handbook
Aspects of Grammar Handbook

... Purpose: The purpose of a narrative text is to tell a story as a means of making sense of events and happenings in an imaginary world. A narrative constructs a pattern of events where characters face a problem or unexpected event, which they try to resolve. Structure: The narrative structure include ...
ESL 87 Patterns of Error Chart Pierce College Use this chart to keep
ESL 87 Patterns of Error Chart Pierce College Use this chart to keep

... suggest studying hard.” Gerunds can be the subject of a sentence and the object of prepositions and only some verbs. You need to review how to use gerunds. INF: Infinitive- You made a mistake with an infinitive form. For example, you wrote, “I study for learning,” but you should write, “I study to l ...
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Spanish grammar

Spanish grammar is the grammar of the Spanish language (español, castellano), which is a Romance language that originated in north central Spain and is spoken today throughout Spain, some twenty countries in the Americas, and Equatorial Guinea.Spanish is an inflected language. The verbs are potentially marked for tense, aspect, mood, person, and number (resulting in some fifty conjugated forms per verb). The nouns form a two-gender system and are marked for number. Pronouns can be inflected for person, number, gender (including a residual neuter), and case, although the Spanish pronominal system represents a simplification of the ancestral Latin system.Spanish was the first of the European vernaculars to have a grammar treatise, Gramática de la lengua castellana, written in 1492 by the Andalusian linguist Antonio de Nebrija and presented to Isabella of Castile at Salamanca.The Real Academia Española (RAE) traditionally dictates the normative rules of the Spanish language, as well as its orthography.Formal differences between Peninsular and American Spanish are remarkably few, and someone who has learned the dialect of one area will have no difficulties using reasonably formal speech in the other; however, pronunciation does vary, as well as grammar and vocabulary.Recently published comprehensive Spanish reference grammars in English include DeBruyne (1996), Butt & Benjamin (2004), and Batchelor & San José (2010).
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