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IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... to the large number of hops in perimeter forwarding mode. Moreover, if the destination node moves to a new location, its information which embedded in the packet header will never be updated. 2.4.2 Geographic Source Routing (GSR): Geographic Source Routing use Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm on a ...
class18 - eecis.udel.edu
class18 - eecis.udel.edu

... Carried in OSPF messages directly over IP (rather than TCP or UDP Network Layer ...
Routing Information Protocol
Routing Information Protocol

... Carried in OSPF messages directly over IP (rather than TCP or UDP ...
The Application Layers :On Demand Lecture (Part I)
The Application Layers :On Demand Lecture (Part I)

... The Onion Router (users can communicate anonymously) Messages are repeatedly encrypted and sent through several onion routers  Each onion router removes a layer of encryption to uncover routing instructions, and sends the message to the next router where this is repeated ...
Experiments - DVS
Experiments - DVS

... Christof Leng, Max Lehn, Robert Rehner, Alejandro Buchmann Workload Generation  Configured in the experiment database  Sophisticated session model  Background churn determined by lifetime distribution [1]  Workload events to mark nodes as active or inactive  Support for Unix signals to trigger ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Dynamic Routing
PowerPoint Presentation - Dynamic Routing

... Difference between Routing and Forwarding A Dynamic Routing Protocol should be used in ...
10-3_p2p CAN_cs218
10-3_p2p CAN_cs218

... - P2P is a way to leverage vast amounts of computing power, storage, and connectivity from personal computers (PC) distributed around the world. • Q: What are the new technical challenges? • Q: What new services/applications enabled? • Q: Is it just “networking at the application-level”? 2 • Everyth ...
SCORE: A Scalable Architecture for Implementing Resource
SCORE: A Scalable Architecture for Implementing Resource

... - Build a mesh that includes all participating end-hosts • What they call a mesh is just a graph • Members probe each other to learn network related information • Overlay must self-improve as more information available - Build source routed distribution trees ...
Lecture2: Physical and data link layer
Lecture2: Physical and data link layer

Powerpoint - Chapter 3
Powerpoint - Chapter 3

... Hubs do not relay packets immediately; they wait until the entire packet is received. ...
ppt
ppt

... periodic exchange of messages with all physical neighbors that contain information about who can be reached at what distance selection of the shortest path if several paths available periodic notification of all routers about the current state of all physical links router get a complete picture of t ...
cs516 midterm solution
cs516 midterm solution

... The following questions deal with broadcasting protocols used in LANs. (a) What is the main difference between the Aloha protocols and CSMA protocols? [2 marks] [1 mark for each] z Aloha does not sense carrier and simply transmits whenever it has data z CSMA senses carrier (listens if the medium is ...
Darwin: Customizable Resource Management for Value
Darwin: Customizable Resource Management for Value

... • 802.3 defined a much wider set of media – Also several recent extensions (covered later) ...
SwitchWare
SwitchWare

... – different capsule types have different programs ...
Two Novel Approaches on the Node Clone Detection in
Two Novel Approaches on the Node Clone Detection in

Wavelength-routed and Broadcast-and
Wavelength-routed and Broadcast-and

P2P Streaming - Amit Lichtenberg
P2P Streaming - Amit Lichtenberg

... Server: distributes a stream rate of S/2 over each tree Each peer: receives S/2 from each tree. Peer 0: donates its upload BW at the left subtree, and is a leaf at the right ...
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Chapter03

... Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) works at the Network layer and is used by IP for many different services. •ICMP is a management protocol and messaging service provider for IP. •Its messages are carried as IP datagrams. ICMP packets have the following characteristics: • They can provide host ...
Peer-to-peer applications fostered explosive growth in recent years
Peer-to-peer applications fostered explosive growth in recent years

... The first node p that can meet these 2 conditions is the immediate predecessor of n- 2i-1 The algorithm starts with the ith finger of node n and then continues to walk in the counter clockwise direction on identifier circle until it encounters a node whose ith finger ...
Centralities for undirected graphs
Centralities for undirected graphs

... compute eccentricity in a directed context we note that the green node has a higher value than the yellow nodes; this is obvious because each of the two yellow nodes can reach all other nodes by using a longest path, but green has nearer neighbors and this has great influence on eccentricity, as ment ...
Lecture 1: Introduction - Cs.princeton.edu
Lecture 1: Introduction - Cs.princeton.edu

... Add connections between pairs of nodes. ...
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... – When a suspicious node is reported, an evidence is shown to the M-server to demonstrate that this reported node has indeed sent out a corrupted block. ...
A Hybrid QoS Routing Strategy for Suburban Ad
A Hybrid QoS Routing Strategy for Suburban Ad

... one or more of the following attributes  Multiple routes to a destination  Resource Access Control  QoS  Load balancing  Security at network layer  Optimization for quasi-static networks  Handling non-cooperating nodes ...
CCNA 1 Module 6 Ethernet Fundamentals
CCNA 1 Module 6 Ethernet Fundamentals

... Buffering may also be used when the destination port is busy. The area of memory where the switch stores the data is called the memory buffer. This memory buffer can use two methods for forwarding frame: – port-based memory buffering – shared memory buffering In port-based memory buffering frames ar ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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