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Clique principle Application to flow aggregation Two flows routed on
Clique principle Application to flow aggregation Two flows routed on

... Considering that links have a capacity of 100 units and that flows f1 and f2 have a demands of 20, the utilization rate of cliques would be : • C1 : 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 = 140% • C2 : 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 + 20/100 = 140% • C3 : 2 ...
Redundant Network Architecture
Redundant Network Architecture

... Support from vendors still growing, and not supported on all platforms Initial support is on high-end platforms that support either modular or microkernel-based operating ...
computer networks sample question bank
computer networks sample question bank

... counter ring topology used in FDDI protocol, where there are two rings, called primary ring and secondary ring. In case of failure of a node or a fiber link, the ring is restored the by wrapping up the primary ring to the secondary ring. Further improvement in reliability can achieve by using dual r ...
Understanding Ethernet Switches and Routers
Understanding Ethernet Switches and Routers

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... exhausted very soon.  A new Internet Protocol which can provide a much larger address space is needed. ...
Intro to InfiniBand - HPC Advisory Council
Intro to InfiniBand - HPC Advisory Council

... • InfiniBand™ specification defines an input/output architecture used to interconnect servers, communications infrastructure equipment, storage and embedded systems • InfiniBand is a pervasive, low-latency, high-bandwidth interconnect which requires low processing overhead and is ideal to carry mult ...
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... • Map can be filtered in order to show one multicast group only ...
Chapter 2 Packet Switched Networks
Chapter 2 Packet Switched Networks

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... datagram and a hardware frame? Is it just that one uses as IP address and one uses a MAC address? A: Both are “PDUs” – protocol data units. IP calls its stuff a “datagram”. The datagram is sent down to layer 2 to be encapsulated in a layer 2 “frame” to be sent over the local network. ...
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IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)

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... The company called ISP has been requested to host the events two websites (www.worldskills.org , www.london2011.org). The company also works with two Agencies (Agency 1 and Agency2) to manage the event. The following is the detailed network description of ISP, Company, Agency1 and Agency 2: ...
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... Defense #3: Network Capabiliaes •  We’ve seen: CapabiliCes for file access control –  User holds unforgeable Ccket for each file it needs to read/write ...
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SmartClass™ Ethernet

... Testing these services with a loop can only verify service performance of the lowest half of the link. The Asymmetric RFC2544 option provides an automated version of RFC2544 that can determine the maximum throughput, back-to-back frames, frame loss rate, and jitter for each direction of the link ind ...
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IP Tutorial - Electrical Engineering Department

...  for each subordinate name, a minimum of two servers must answer for that name: a primary and at least one secondary  the primary is the point of administration  secondaries are updated automatically using a domain/zone transfer protocol ...
PDF VTN244 2x2 Optical Node Data Sheet
PDF VTN244 2x2 Optical Node Data Sheet

... The return path can be configured to combine all four return legs onto a single transmitter or in a redundant configuration with  the addition of a second transmitter. Alternately, the return path can be segmented, where each pair of RF returns are directed to  independent transmitters. The node can ...
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... the frame length does not allow a user to monopolize the entire channel for more than specified period of time. The reason for having a lower bound on the frame length is more interesting, and it is to prevent a computer from completing the transmission of a short frame before the first bit of the f ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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