
A step-up transformer is designed to have an output voltage of 2300
... 9. Cesium metal has a work function of 1.90 eV. If violet light of wavelength 400 im illuminates the surface of the metal, what is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons? ...
... 9. Cesium metal has a work function of 1.90 eV. If violet light of wavelength 400 im illuminates the surface of the metal, what is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons? ...
Glowing Tubes for Signs, Television Sets, and Computers
... struck by fast-moving electrons. The use of various compounds that emit different colors when they are struck by the electrons makes color pictures possible on the screens of these CRTs. ...
... struck by fast-moving electrons. The use of various compounds that emit different colors when they are struck by the electrons makes color pictures possible on the screens of these CRTs. ...
Solids: The free electron gas:
... Solids: In a solid a few loosely bound valence electrons (outer most and not in completely filled shells) become detached from the atoms and move in the material subjected to the entire crystal lattice rather than each respective atomic core. We will follow the book and study two models. In the firs ...
... Solids: In a solid a few loosely bound valence electrons (outer most and not in completely filled shells) become detached from the atoms and move in the material subjected to the entire crystal lattice rather than each respective atomic core. We will follow the book and study two models. In the firs ...
Physics 107 Exam #1 September 12, 1994 Your name: Multiple
... when it falls through 100 m just above the surface of the earth. (a) 4.80x10 -19 Hz, (b) 15.25x1014 Hz, (c) 1.80 Hz, (d) 7.95 Hz. 2. A meter stick appears only 60 cm long to an observer. How long does it take to pass the observer? (a) 3.16x10-9 s, (b) 2.5x10-9 s, (c) 1.93x10-9 s, (d) 1.5x10-9 s. 3. ...
... when it falls through 100 m just above the surface of the earth. (a) 4.80x10 -19 Hz, (b) 15.25x1014 Hz, (c) 1.80 Hz, (d) 7.95 Hz. 2. A meter stick appears only 60 cm long to an observer. How long does it take to pass the observer? (a) 3.16x10-9 s, (b) 2.5x10-9 s, (c) 1.93x10-9 s, (d) 1.5x10-9 s. 3. ...
Semester Exam Review Guide
... 24. Plasmas include all of the following except: a. ionized gases b. lava c. lightning d. stars 26. If the mass of a steel bolt is 4.0 grams and its volume is 2 milliliters, what is the bolt’s density? a. 2 ml / g b. 2 g / ml c. .5 g / ml d. 8 ml / g 27. How many Hydrogen atoms are in the following ...
... 24. Plasmas include all of the following except: a. ionized gases b. lava c. lightning d. stars 26. If the mass of a steel bolt is 4.0 grams and its volume is 2 milliliters, what is the bolt’s density? a. 2 ml / g b. 2 g / ml c. .5 g / ml d. 8 ml / g 27. How many Hydrogen atoms are in the following ...
subatomic particle
... The smallest pieces of matter… • Nuclear physics and particle physics study the smallest known building blocks of the physical universe -and the interactions between them. • The focus is on single particles or small groups of particles, not the billions of atoms or molecules making up an entire pla ...
... The smallest pieces of matter… • Nuclear physics and particle physics study the smallest known building blocks of the physical universe -and the interactions between them. • The focus is on single particles or small groups of particles, not the billions of atoms or molecules making up an entire pla ...
Chapter 3 - Electricity
... The transfer of these charged particles are responsible for most static charge. ...
... The transfer of these charged particles are responsible for most static charge. ...
Bohr Model, Quantum Mechanical Model
... electron of the hydrogen atom could occupy only certain energy states, stationary states. This explained the line spectra. 2. He explained that each line corresponded to a circular, fixed energy orbit around the nucleus. ...
... electron of the hydrogen atom could occupy only certain energy states, stationary states. This explained the line spectra. 2. He explained that each line corresponded to a circular, fixed energy orbit around the nucleus. ...
Electron Configuration Notes
... • electrons move around nucleus in orbits similar to how planets orbit the sun • energy levels for electrons are quantized Major developments that put Bohr’s Model into question: Einstein: Light energy exhibits properties of matter. Matter and energy are different forms of the same thing. De Broglie ...
... • electrons move around nucleus in orbits similar to how planets orbit the sun • energy levels for electrons are quantized Major developments that put Bohr’s Model into question: Einstein: Light energy exhibits properties of matter. Matter and energy are different forms of the same thing. De Broglie ...
How to write up a practical: General review
... TO KNOW the meaning of terms atomic number and atomic mass TO BE ABLE to draw the electron configuration of elements TO UNDERSTAND how the periodic table is arranged according to this configuration. ...
... TO KNOW the meaning of terms atomic number and atomic mass TO BE ABLE to draw the electron configuration of elements TO UNDERSTAND how the periodic table is arranged according to this configuration. ...
Unit 4 review sheet
... Blast from the Past III – Quantum Numbers and Electron Configuration Practice! 1. When an electron in a hydrogen atom moves from a higher to a lower energy state, the energy difference is emitted as a quantum of ________. 2. Define the four quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms) explain what information is ...
... Blast from the Past III – Quantum Numbers and Electron Configuration Practice! 1. When an electron in a hydrogen atom moves from a higher to a lower energy state, the energy difference is emitted as a quantum of ________. 2. Define the four quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms) explain what information is ...
Chapter 5
... Erwin Schrödinger showed that the electron may be visualized as being in rapid motion within one of several regions of space located around the nucleus. He called these regions “orbitals” Some scientists call the occupancy of these orbitals “electron densities” because of the rapidity of the electro ...
... Erwin Schrödinger showed that the electron may be visualized as being in rapid motion within one of several regions of space located around the nucleus. He called these regions “orbitals” Some scientists call the occupancy of these orbitals “electron densities” because of the rapidity of the electro ...
Vocabulary list
... azimuthal quantum number – The number that defines the symmetric shapes arranged around the nucleus within which electrons may be found; sometimes called the sublevel quantum number. magnetic quantum number – The number that defines the spatial orientation of the orbitals within the sublevel; somet ...
... azimuthal quantum number – The number that defines the symmetric shapes arranged around the nucleus within which electrons may be found; sometimes called the sublevel quantum number. magnetic quantum number – The number that defines the spatial orientation of the orbitals within the sublevel; somet ...
Chapter 11 Vocabulary 1. Atom – the smallest particle into which an
... Chapter 11 Vocabulary 1. Atom – the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance. 2. Electrons – the negatively charged particles found in all atoms. 3. Nucleus – the tiny, extremely dense, positively charged region in the center of the atom. 4. Electron clo ...
... Chapter 11 Vocabulary 1. Atom – the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance. 2. Electrons – the negatively charged particles found in all atoms. 3. Nucleus – the tiny, extremely dense, positively charged region in the center of the atom. 4. Electron clo ...
NAME PRACTICE: QUANTUM CONFIGURATIONS 1) Each of the
... ___20) The ground-state configuration for the atoms of a transition element ___21) The ground-state configuration of a negative ion of a halogen ___22) The ground-state configuration of a common ion of an alkaline earth element Use these answers for questions 23-25. (1) Heisenberg uncertainty princi ...
... ___20) The ground-state configuration for the atoms of a transition element ___21) The ground-state configuration of a negative ion of a halogen ___22) The ground-state configuration of a common ion of an alkaline earth element Use these answers for questions 23-25. (1) Heisenberg uncertainty princi ...
Document
... • A conceptual model of the atom showing a small positively-charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons, much like the planets orbit the Sun in our Solar System. ...
... • A conceptual model of the atom showing a small positively-charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons, much like the planets orbit the Sun in our Solar System. ...
Electron

The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol e− or β−, with a negative elementary electric charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton. Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of a half-integer value in units of ħ, which means that it is a fermion. Being fermions, no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state, in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle. Like all matter, electrons have properties of both particles and waves, and so can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light. The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons and protons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a higher De Broglie wavelength for typical energies.Many physical phenomena involve electrons in an essential role, such as electricity, magnetism, and thermal conductivity, and they also participate in gravitational, electromagnetic and weak interactions. An electron generates an electric field surrounding it. An electron moving relative to an observer generates a magnetic field. External magnetic fields deflect an electron. Electrons radiate or absorb energy in the form of photons when accelerated. Laboratory instruments are capable of containing and observing individual electrons as well as electron plasma using electromagnetic fields, whereas dedicated telescopes can detect electron plasma in outer space. Electrons have many applications, including electronics, welding, cathode ray tubes, electron microscopes, radiation therapy, lasers, gaseous ionization detectors and particle accelerators.Interactions involving electrons and other subatomic particles are of interest in fields such as chemistry and nuclear physics. The Coulomb force interaction between positive protons inside atomic nuclei and negative electrons composes atoms. Ionization or changes in the proportions of particles changes the binding energy of the system. The exchange or sharing of the electrons between two or more atoms is the main cause of chemical bonding. British natural philosopher Richard Laming first hypothesized the concept of an indivisible quantity of electric charge to explain the chemical properties of atoms in 1838; Irish physicist George Johnstone Stoney named this charge 'electron' in 1891, and J. J. Thomson and his team of British physicists identified it as a particle in 1897. Electrons can also participate in nuclear reactions, such as nucleosynthesis in stars, where they are known as beta particles. Electrons may be created through beta decay of radioactive isotopes and in high-energy collisions, for instance when cosmic rays enter the atmosphere. The antiparticle of the electron is called the positron; it is identical to the electron except that it carries electrical and other charges of the opposite sign. When an electron collides with a positron, both particles may be totally annihilated, producing gamma ray photons.