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... FOODS - spoil by microbial fermentations - made by microbial fermentations (wine, cheese, pickles, bread) MUSCLE cells use fermentation if O2 is depleted ...
... FOODS - spoil by microbial fermentations - made by microbial fermentations (wine, cheese, pickles, bread) MUSCLE cells use fermentation if O2 is depleted ...
Review Problems #2 (Enzyme Review, Phosphatases
... Review Problems For week 9. We will definitely not get through all of these, but it is useful to have them in one place. 1) Outline the chemical intermediates in the degradation of the following amino acids: Asn, Asp. What cofactor(s) play a role in this process? What other end product may be formed ...
... Review Problems For week 9. We will definitely not get through all of these, but it is useful to have them in one place. 1) Outline the chemical intermediates in the degradation of the following amino acids: Asn, Asp. What cofactor(s) play a role in this process? What other end product may be formed ...
colon cleanse colon cleanse advanced
... and taurine. Generation of glutathione and sulfation cofactors necessary for phase II conjugation requires an array of amino acids. The combination of pea protein and rice protein provides a non-GMO protein source that is easily digested and achieves an amino acid score ...
... and taurine. Generation of glutathione and sulfation cofactors necessary for phase II conjugation requires an array of amino acids. The combination of pea protein and rice protein provides a non-GMO protein source that is easily digested and achieves an amino acid score ...
Bacteria in Food Production
... Fuel Cells many bacteria Sewage Treatment Bacillus thurigiensis “natural” pesticide *some products above also require additional fungal species Last revised: 2012.8 ...
... Fuel Cells many bacteria Sewage Treatment Bacillus thurigiensis “natural” pesticide *some products above also require additional fungal species Last revised: 2012.8 ...
III. The History of Glycolysis: An Example of a Linear Metabolic
... monosaccharide in living systems, is converted to simpler products. The identity of these products depends upon the identity of the living system and the conditions under which the pathway proceeds. Thus in the absence of oxygen (under anaerobic conditions) the principal product is lactate when the ...
... monosaccharide in living systems, is converted to simpler products. The identity of these products depends upon the identity of the living system and the conditions under which the pathway proceeds. Thus in the absence of oxygen (under anaerobic conditions) the principal product is lactate when the ...
1 How do the regulatory properties of glucokinase and hexokinase
... pyrimidine, but CTP itself is not a direct product of the ATCase reaction. As a result of product inhibition by glucose-6-phospate, hexokinase I can only continue to act on glucose if the glucose-6-phosphate product is being used in subsequent processes such as glycogen storage or glycolysis, and th ...
... pyrimidine, but CTP itself is not a direct product of the ATCase reaction. As a result of product inhibition by glucose-6-phospate, hexokinase I can only continue to act on glucose if the glucose-6-phosphate product is being used in subsequent processes such as glycogen storage or glycolysis, and th ...
Key Terms:
... How is respiration commonly regulated? Why might a cell want to slow down respiration? Lecture Outline: Anaerobic Metabolism recall that in glycolysis no oxygen required 2 ATP generated (net) per glucose but there's an NAD+/NADH problem! continuous running of glycolysis will use up all of your NAD ...
... How is respiration commonly regulated? Why might a cell want to slow down respiration? Lecture Outline: Anaerobic Metabolism recall that in glycolysis no oxygen required 2 ATP generated (net) per glucose but there's an NAD+/NADH problem! continuous running of glycolysis will use up all of your NAD ...
Lesson Overview - Midland Park School
... production of ATP. Cellular respiration releases energy more slowly than fermentation does. During exercise, the body will use the energy in glycogen (stored form of glucose). These glycogen stores are enough to last for 15 to 20 minutes of activity. After that, the body begins to break down other s ...
... production of ATP. Cellular respiration releases energy more slowly than fermentation does. During exercise, the body will use the energy in glycogen (stored form of glucose). These glycogen stores are enough to last for 15 to 20 minutes of activity. After that, the body begins to break down other s ...
Hemoglobin
... happens to the hemoglobin molecule if any of the single amino acids are converted into other amino acids. 4. Click and drag the slider to any amino acid position. The number (location in the chain) will appear in the window above the slider and at the top. The amino acid will also be highlighted in ...
... happens to the hemoglobin molecule if any of the single amino acids are converted into other amino acids. 4. Click and drag the slider to any amino acid position. The number (location in the chain) will appear in the window above the slider and at the top. The amino acid will also be highlighted in ...
NotesSkeletalMuscleActivity
... Muscles require ATP for muscle contraction. Muscles contain only 4-6 seconds worth of ATP. ATP must continuously be regenerated. A lack of ATP such as in death leads to rigor mortis. Three ways ATP is generated: Direct Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate CP + ADP creatine + ATP No Oxyge ...
... Muscles require ATP for muscle contraction. Muscles contain only 4-6 seconds worth of ATP. ATP must continuously be regenerated. A lack of ATP such as in death leads to rigor mortis. Three ways ATP is generated: Direct Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate CP + ADP creatine + ATP No Oxyge ...
Medical Biochemistry: Course content 2016/2017
... (aerobically and anaerobically, respectively). Energy balance for glycolysis. ATP-production under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. What is meant by “high energy compounds” and which ones are generated in glycolysis? How can the glycolysis continue also under anaerobic conditions? Ind ...
... (aerobically and anaerobically, respectively). Energy balance for glycolysis. ATP-production under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. What is meant by “high energy compounds” and which ones are generated in glycolysis? How can the glycolysis continue also under anaerobic conditions? Ind ...
lecture notes-metabolism pathways-web
... - Catabolism: The intracellular process of degrading a compound into smaller and simpler products and generating energy. Glucose to CO2, and H2O, protein to amino acids. - Anabolism: the synthesis of more complex compounds and requires energy. Synthesis of glycan (polysaccharide), DNA, RNA, and lipi ...
... - Catabolism: The intracellular process of degrading a compound into smaller and simpler products and generating energy. Glucose to CO2, and H2O, protein to amino acids. - Anabolism: the synthesis of more complex compounds and requires energy. Synthesis of glycan (polysaccharide), DNA, RNA, and lipi ...
Section 1 Workbook Unit 1 ANSWERS File
... Surface tension and polarity of water keeps joints sliding / moving easily ...
... Surface tension and polarity of water keeps joints sliding / moving easily ...
Biology Notes: Fermentation
... Biology Notes: Fermentation Directions: Fill in as we cover the topic in the PowerPoint. Corresponds to pages 122 – 125 in textbook. ...
... Biology Notes: Fermentation Directions: Fill in as we cover the topic in the PowerPoint. Corresponds to pages 122 – 125 in textbook. ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism Updated
... • Glycogenolysis:Breakdown of glycogen to glucose. • Hexose monophosphate Shunt(HMP Shunt): It is an alternative pathway for oxidation of glucose. Some pentoses can also be oxidized through this pathway. • Uronic acid pathway:Glucose is oxidized to glucuronic acid. • Galactose metabolism:Galactose i ...
... • Glycogenolysis:Breakdown of glycogen to glucose. • Hexose monophosphate Shunt(HMP Shunt): It is an alternative pathway for oxidation of glucose. Some pentoses can also be oxidized through this pathway. • Uronic acid pathway:Glucose is oxidized to glucuronic acid. • Galactose metabolism:Galactose i ...
Metabolism Summary
... • Pyruvate oxidized to acetyl CoA can enter the citric acid cycle where it will be further oxidized to two molecules of CO2, producing one molecule of GTP and the reduced forms of three molecules of NAD+ (NADH) and one molecule of FAD (FADH2) which can then enter the electron transport chain to prod ...
... • Pyruvate oxidized to acetyl CoA can enter the citric acid cycle where it will be further oxidized to two molecules of CO2, producing one molecule of GTP and the reduced forms of three molecules of NAD+ (NADH) and one molecule of FAD (FADH2) which can then enter the electron transport chain to prod ...
Citric Acid Cycle Catalysts
... This is the next product in glucose metabolism. If the metabolism and the use of this metabolite are not stimulated, it tends to accumulate in the cytoplasm, where it is used anaerobically and induces tissue acidosis. Citric acid This is the first stage in the citric acid cycle and represents a basi ...
... This is the next product in glucose metabolism. If the metabolism and the use of this metabolite are not stimulated, it tends to accumulate in the cytoplasm, where it is used anaerobically and induces tissue acidosis. Citric acid This is the first stage in the citric acid cycle and represents a basi ...
gln.val.tyr.ala lys.arg.glu.trp met.his.leu.asp cys.pro.gly.asn F-A-D
... You have isolated an octapeptide with the amino acid composition (Lys2, Asp, Tyr, Phe, Gly, Ser, Ala) Reaction of the intact peptide with FDNB yields DNP-alanine. Cleavage with trypsin yields peptides with compositions (Lys, Ala, Ser) and (Gly, Phe, Lys) plus a dipeptide. Reaction with chymotrypsin ...
... You have isolated an octapeptide with the amino acid composition (Lys2, Asp, Tyr, Phe, Gly, Ser, Ala) Reaction of the intact peptide with FDNB yields DNP-alanine. Cleavage with trypsin yields peptides with compositions (Lys, Ala, Ser) and (Gly, Phe, Lys) plus a dipeptide. Reaction with chymotrypsin ...
fermentation & evolution
... reduced directly by NADH to form lactate (ionized form of lactic acid). • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, ...
... reduced directly by NADH to form lactate (ionized form of lactic acid). • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, ...
AP Lab #10: Preparation of Ester
... Some common esters, and the acids/alcohols from which they are synthesized, were indicated in the table in the Introduction to this choice. Synthesize at least two of the esters, and note their aromas. Different students might synthesize different esters, as directed by the instructor, and compare t ...
... Some common esters, and the acids/alcohols from which they are synthesized, were indicated in the table in the Introduction to this choice. Synthesize at least two of the esters, and note their aromas. Different students might synthesize different esters, as directed by the instructor, and compare t ...
Nutrition
... 2) gluconeogenesis – formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate molecules (such as fat and protein) 3) Both processes occur in the liver D. Lipid Metabolism 1. The end products of lipid digestion (lipolysis) and cholesterol digestion are transported in the blood as chylomicrons 2. The glycerol compo ...
... 2) gluconeogenesis – formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate molecules (such as fat and protein) 3) Both processes occur in the liver D. Lipid Metabolism 1. The end products of lipid digestion (lipolysis) and cholesterol digestion are transported in the blood as chylomicrons 2. The glycerol compo ...
General pathways of amino acids transformation
... General pathways of amino acids transformation. ...
... General pathways of amino acids transformation. ...
fatty acid metabolism
... Occurs during starvation or prolonged exercise – result of elevated FFA • high HSL activity ...
... Occurs during starvation or prolonged exercise – result of elevated FFA • high HSL activity ...
Electron Carriers
... Six carbon glucose molecule is broken down into 2 three carbon molecules of pyruvic acid Produces 2 net ATP and 2 NADH ...
... Six carbon glucose molecule is broken down into 2 three carbon molecules of pyruvic acid Produces 2 net ATP and 2 NADH ...
Chemistry Option B: Human Biochemistry
... CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH Calculate the volume of 1.00 mol dm–3 iodine solution required to react exactly with 1.00 g of linoleic acid. amount of linoleic acid = ...
... CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH Calculate the volume of 1.00 mol dm–3 iodine solution required to react exactly with 1.00 g of linoleic acid. amount of linoleic acid = ...
Butyric acid
Butyric acid (from Greek βούτῡρον, meaning ""butter""), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, abbreviated BTA, is a carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. Butyric acid is found in milk, especially goat, sheep and buffalo milk, butter, parmesan cheese, and as a product of anaerobic fermentation (including in the colon and as body odor). It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). It can be detected by mammals with good scent detection abilities (such as dogs) at 10 parts per billion, whereas humans can detect it in concentrations above 10 parts per million.Butyric acid is present in, and is the main distinctive smell of, human vomit.Butyric acid was first observed (in impure form) in 1814 by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul. By 1818, he had purified it sufficiently to characterize it. The name of butyric acid comes from the Latin word for butter, butyrum (or buturum), the substance in which butyric acid was first found.