University of Groningen Transport processes in penicillin
... activity against several species of Gram-positive bacteria [106]. Fleming termed the antimicrobial component penicillin, but did not isolate nor characterize it. Although frequently suggested, Fleming was certainly not the first to observe fungal antibiotic production [228]. The significance of Flem ...
... activity against several species of Gram-positive bacteria [106]. Fleming termed the antimicrobial component penicillin, but did not isolate nor characterize it. Although frequently suggested, Fleming was certainly not the first to observe fungal antibiotic production [228]. The significance of Flem ...
Arabidopsis Branched-Chain Aminotransferase 3
... plants, levels of free amino acids were measured in rosette leaves of about 3-week-old plants and in seeds (data not shown). In the latter no significant differences were observed in the levels of free amino acids. This also holds true for most amino acids in rosette leaves with the exceptions of Va ...
... plants, levels of free amino acids were measured in rosette leaves of about 3-week-old plants and in seeds (data not shown). In the latter no significant differences were observed in the levels of free amino acids. This also holds true for most amino acids in rosette leaves with the exceptions of Va ...
The Metabolism of Triglycerides by Spores of Penic
... Growing cultures of Penicillium glaucum have been shown to oxidize up to 15yoof synthetic triglycerides containing C, to CI2fatty acids to the corresponding methylketones with one less carbon atom (Acklin, 1929; Thaler & Eisenlohr, 1941). The first step in the oxidation is presumably the hydrolysis ...
... Growing cultures of Penicillium glaucum have been shown to oxidize up to 15yoof synthetic triglycerides containing C, to CI2fatty acids to the corresponding methylketones with one less carbon atom (Acklin, 1929; Thaler & Eisenlohr, 1941). The first step in the oxidation is presumably the hydrolysis ...
11111 Hhllill II III 11111 /III 11111 lihA IFU III III /MUll 110 III
... molecules, i.e. the T cells recognise a combination of virus antigen plus self HLA. There are probably about 120 different HLA class I molecules, and each individual human has a limited selection, and so will respond only to certain epitopes. Following the example of p24-20, which can be recognised ...
... molecules, i.e. the T cells recognise a combination of virus antigen plus self HLA. There are probably about 120 different HLA class I molecules, and each individual human has a limited selection, and so will respond only to certain epitopes. Following the example of p24-20, which can be recognised ...
Metabolite transport across the peroxisomal membrane
... acids), such as lauric acid, are activated in the peroxisomal matrix by Faa2p, whereas oleic acid is most likely to be imported into the peroxisome as a CoA ester. Their results suggested that the protein is involved in the transport of a factor that is required for the intraperoxisomal activation o ...
... acids), such as lauric acid, are activated in the peroxisomal matrix by Faa2p, whereas oleic acid is most likely to be imported into the peroxisome as a CoA ester. Their results suggested that the protein is involved in the transport of a factor that is required for the intraperoxisomal activation o ...
The malonyl CoA axis as a potential target for treating ischaemic
... accessible to carnitine acetyltransferase than that produced from fatty acid b-oxidation.30 Thus, we hypothesized and showed that increased glucose oxidation could increase cytosolic acetyl CoA supply for ACCb, increasing malonyl CoA levels that then inhibit fatty acid b-oxidation.20 It is of intere ...
... accessible to carnitine acetyltransferase than that produced from fatty acid b-oxidation.30 Thus, we hypothesized and showed that increased glucose oxidation could increase cytosolic acetyl CoA supply for ACCb, increasing malonyl CoA levels that then inhibit fatty acid b-oxidation.20 It is of intere ...
The Complete Oxidation of Palmitate Yields 106 Molecules of ATP
... Fatty Acids The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids presents some difficulties, yet many such fatty acids are available in the diet. Most of the reactions are the same as those for saturated fatty acids. In fact, only two additional enzymes an isomerase and a reductase are needed to degrade a wide ...
... Fatty Acids The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids presents some difficulties, yet many such fatty acids are available in the diet. Most of the reactions are the same as those for saturated fatty acids. In fact, only two additional enzymes an isomerase and a reductase are needed to degrade a wide ...
Amino Acid Transporters and Release of Hydrophobic Amino Acids
... Cyanobacteria are a group of prokaryotic microorganisms characterized by their ability to fix CO2 at the expense of oxygenic photosynthesis. They represent a coherent phylogenetic group in spite of showing a very diverse morphology and having colonized many different natural habitats. Some cyanobact ...
... Cyanobacteria are a group of prokaryotic microorganisms characterized by their ability to fix CO2 at the expense of oxygenic photosynthesis. They represent a coherent phylogenetic group in spite of showing a very diverse morphology and having colonized many different natural habitats. Some cyanobact ...
Metabolism of lipids digestion, absorption, resynthesis in
... Apo B-100 is hydrolyzed to amino acids Cholesteryl esters are hydrolyzed to free cholesterol and fatty acids Released free cholesterol: - is incorporated into the membranes or - is reesterified for storage inside the cell by the enzyme acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) ...
... Apo B-100 is hydrolyzed to amino acids Cholesteryl esters are hydrolyzed to free cholesterol and fatty acids Released free cholesterol: - is incorporated into the membranes or - is reesterified for storage inside the cell by the enzyme acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) ...
Towards the storage metabolome: profiling the barley vacuole
... are found in locations other than those they were thought to operate for example hexokinase proteins have been found in the nucleus whilst the sucrose synthase has been localized to the mitochondria (Subbaiah et al., 2006; Cho et al., 2007). These observations thus render such predictions of metabol ...
... are found in locations other than those they were thought to operate for example hexokinase proteins have been found in the nucleus whilst the sucrose synthase has been localized to the mitochondria (Subbaiah et al., 2006; Cho et al., 2007). These observations thus render such predictions of metabol ...
Answers to Problems in Text - pdf
... 1.87 To do this calculation you need a conversion factor from kilometers to miles. Table 1.3 gives 1 mile 5 1.609 km 95 km 3 ...
... 1.87 To do this calculation you need a conversion factor from kilometers to miles. Table 1.3 gives 1 mile 5 1.609 km 95 km 3 ...
Nucleic Acid Synthesis in the Neoplastic Cell
... genetic theory of cancer etiology. It reduces the interpretation of virus-induced cancer to that of the control of cellular development and differ entiation by genetic elements capable, either intrinsically, or by association with other special ized genetic elements, of assuming an infectively trans ...
... genetic theory of cancer etiology. It reduces the interpretation of virus-induced cancer to that of the control of cellular development and differ entiation by genetic elements capable, either intrinsically, or by association with other special ized genetic elements, of assuming an infectively trans ...
Hoeflea phototrophica sp. nov., a novel marine aerobic
... genes pufL and pufM, a novel group of alphaproteobacteria was found and was characterized phenotypically. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data suggested that the strains belonged to the order Rhizobiales and were closest (98?5 % sequence similarity) to the recently described species Hoeflea marina. The c ...
... genes pufL and pufM, a novel group of alphaproteobacteria was found and was characterized phenotypically. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data suggested that the strains belonged to the order Rhizobiales and were closest (98?5 % sequence similarity) to the recently described species Hoeflea marina. The c ...
Phospholipid fatty acid – A bioindicator of environment
... act as early warning signals of ecosystem health, and can be of use in environmental diagnosis. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles offer sensitive reproducible measurements for characterizing the numerically dominant portion of soil microbial communities without cultivating the organisms. The t ...
... act as early warning signals of ecosystem health, and can be of use in environmental diagnosis. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles offer sensitive reproducible measurements for characterizing the numerically dominant portion of soil microbial communities without cultivating the organisms. The t ...
Sulfur Part II: Sulfur and Sulfur Compounds in the Human Body
... Sulfur is an element of the earth and is vital to the human body, without it we would not survive. Sulfur is the sixth most abundant macro-mineral in human breast milk and the eight most abundant mineral in the body. Sulfur is an essential nutrient and therefore cannot be synthesize by the human bod ...
... Sulfur is an element of the earth and is vital to the human body, without it we would not survive. Sulfur is the sixth most abundant macro-mineral in human breast milk and the eight most abundant mineral in the body. Sulfur is an essential nutrient and therefore cannot be synthesize by the human bod ...
Biochemical Tests of Renal Function
... More than 90% of urea is excreted through the kidneys, with losses through the GIT and skin Urea is filtered freely by the glomeruli Plasma urea concentration is often used as an index of renal glomerular function Urea production is increased by a high protein intake and it is decreased in p ...
... More than 90% of urea is excreted through the kidneys, with losses through the GIT and skin Urea is filtered freely by the glomeruli Plasma urea concentration is often used as an index of renal glomerular function Urea production is increased by a high protein intake and it is decreased in p ...
Preparation of pyruvate for the citric acid cycle Recap 1. We have
... Aerobic conditions 1. Converts to acetyl CoA (by pyruvate dehydrogenase) for use in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (leads to more ATP production) 2. Converts to oxaloacetate , which can then shuttle into the synthesize glucose (can also be done from lactate) Anaerobic conditions 3. It i ...
... Aerobic conditions 1. Converts to acetyl CoA (by pyruvate dehydrogenase) for use in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (leads to more ATP production) 2. Converts to oxaloacetate , which can then shuttle into the synthesize glucose (can also be done from lactate) Anaerobic conditions 3. It i ...
Early and late endosomal compartments of Entamoeba histolytica
... liver abscess formation [11, 12]. Another hydrolytic enzyme, acid phosphatase, has also been implicated in host cell destruction [13, 14]. Despite the importance of the E. histolytica endo-lysosomal and secretory systems in nutrition and invasion of the organism, relatively little is known about the ...
... liver abscess formation [11, 12]. Another hydrolytic enzyme, acid phosphatase, has also been implicated in host cell destruction [13, 14]. Despite the importance of the E. histolytica endo-lysosomal and secretory systems in nutrition and invasion of the organism, relatively little is known about the ...
Lipid Metabolism
... To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must rst be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β -oxidation into acetyl CoA, which is used by the Kr ...
... To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must rst be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β -oxidation into acetyl CoA, which is used by the Kr ...
BH4 deficiency
... retarded child’s urine → Folling analyzed the urine with various tests including the ferric chloride test (for aromatic hydroxyl groups, such as those in ketones): When ...
... retarded child’s urine → Folling analyzed the urine with various tests including the ferric chloride test (for aromatic hydroxyl groups, such as those in ketones): When ...
The Lipid Layer: The Outer Surface of the Ocular Surface Tear Film
... potential also decays at this point (Seimiya and Ohki, 1973). Finally, the anionic phospholipids also have an important monolayer function in that their presence in a monolayer at a level of 10% that of PE inhibits the close approach and fusion with similar phospholipid monolayers (McIntosh, 1996). ...
... potential also decays at this point (Seimiya and Ohki, 1973). Finally, the anionic phospholipids also have an important monolayer function in that their presence in a monolayer at a level of 10% that of PE inhibits the close approach and fusion with similar phospholipid monolayers (McIntosh, 1996). ...
Detection of cis-trans Isomers of a Synthetic Peptide Fragment of
... molecular ion [M + Na]+ by FAB-MS at 695, and gave one major peak on the HPLC (Figure 1). However, as shown in Table I, several of the intermediate peptides gave more than one spot on the TLC, and the final product showed three spots with one solvent system. It seemed likely that the multiple spots ...
... molecular ion [M + Na]+ by FAB-MS at 695, and gave one major peak on the HPLC (Figure 1). However, as shown in Table I, several of the intermediate peptides gave more than one spot on the TLC, and the final product showed three spots with one solvent system. It seemed likely that the multiple spots ...
What`s all the fuss about fats?
... and VLCSFAs build up inside the cell. This build up is very harmful to nerve cells and causes the break down of the myelin sheath around these cells. Without the myelin, nerves are unable to transmit messages throughout the body resulting in symptoms of ALD. ...
... and VLCSFAs build up inside the cell. This build up is very harmful to nerve cells and causes the break down of the myelin sheath around these cells. Without the myelin, nerves are unable to transmit messages throughout the body resulting in symptoms of ALD. ...
Thermal Degradation of Small Molecules: A
... experiments. For example, an NMR study showed that urine sample storage at different temperatures, i.e., room temperature (22 °C), refrigeration (4 °C), and low temperature freezing (−80 °C), can affect metabolite stability over time.14 In another study, plasma samples left at room temperature for 2.5 ...
... experiments. For example, an NMR study showed that urine sample storage at different temperatures, i.e., room temperature (22 °C), refrigeration (4 °C), and low temperature freezing (−80 °C), can affect metabolite stability over time.14 In another study, plasma samples left at room temperature for 2.5 ...
Hepoxilin
Hepoxilins (HxA3 and HxB3) are nonclassic eicosanoid hormones involved in inflammation.