AMINO ACID OXIDATION AND THE PRODUCTION OF UREA
... 3. During starvation or in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, when carbohydrates are either unavailable or not properly utilized, cellular proteins are used as fuel. Under all these metabolic conditions, amino acids lose their amino groups to form -keto acids, the “carbon skeletons” of amino acids. Th ...
... 3. During starvation or in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, when carbohydrates are either unavailable or not properly utilized, cellular proteins are used as fuel. Under all these metabolic conditions, amino acids lose their amino groups to form -keto acids, the “carbon skeletons” of amino acids. Th ...
The Mechanism of Enterohepatic Circulation in the Formation of
... body. Hence, approximately 95 % of the bile acids distributed to the duodenum are reabsorbed into venous blood within the ileum and colon, and subsequently, through mesenteric vein, they arrive at the portal vein, finally they approach the sinusoids of the liver. And hepatocytes reuptake the bile ac ...
... body. Hence, approximately 95 % of the bile acids distributed to the duodenum are reabsorbed into venous blood within the ileum and colon, and subsequently, through mesenteric vein, they arrive at the portal vein, finally they approach the sinusoids of the liver. And hepatocytes reuptake the bile ac ...
Use of Phenylboronic Acids to Investigate Boron
... The only defined physiological role of boron in plants is as a cross-linking molecule involving reversible covalent bonds with cis-diols on either side of borate. Boronic acids, which form the same reversible bonds with cis-diols but cannot cross-link two molecules, were used to selectively disrupt ...
... The only defined physiological role of boron in plants is as a cross-linking molecule involving reversible covalent bonds with cis-diols on either side of borate. Boronic acids, which form the same reversible bonds with cis-diols but cannot cross-link two molecules, were used to selectively disrupt ...
The Second Exon-Encoded Factor XII Region Is Involved in the
... to endothelial cells and to neuthrophils,15-17 but it remains to be established if these cells may serve as activators of FXII in vivo. However, artificial negatively charged surfaces such as kaolin, ellagic acid, sulfatide micelles, and high molecular weight dextran sulfate, have been extensively u ...
... to endothelial cells and to neuthrophils,15-17 but it remains to be established if these cells may serve as activators of FXII in vivo. However, artificial negatively charged surfaces such as kaolin, ellagic acid, sulfatide micelles, and high molecular weight dextran sulfate, have been extensively u ...
NON-RADIOACTIVE ASSAY FOR ACETYL-CoA
... But whereas the citrate synthase reaction in the pyruvate carboxylase assay contains excess acetylCoA and measures how much oxaloacetate was produced in the first reaction, the citrate synthase reaction for this assay contains excess oxaloacetate and measures how much acetyl-CoA was consumed in the ...
... But whereas the citrate synthase reaction in the pyruvate carboxylase assay contains excess acetylCoA and measures how much oxaloacetate was produced in the first reaction, the citrate synthase reaction for this assay contains excess oxaloacetate and measures how much acetyl-CoA was consumed in the ...
REGULATION OF KETONE BODY AND COENZYME A
... 1.1.1 General introduction of ketone bodies In the metabolic literature, the expression “ketone bodies” refers to three watersoluble compounds: acetoacetate (AcAc), D-3-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and acetone (for extensive reviews of ketone body metabolism, see (1-3). Ketone bodies are strongly acidic an ...
... 1.1.1 General introduction of ketone bodies In the metabolic literature, the expression “ketone bodies” refers to three watersoluble compounds: acetoacetate (AcAc), D-3-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and acetone (for extensive reviews of ketone body metabolism, see (1-3). Ketone bodies are strongly acidic an ...
Citrate metabolism in lactic acid bacteria
... was lost when cells were grown without lactose over the same period of time. Even the rate of citrate uptake was unaltered after growth in the absence of citrate. Apparently, citrate metabolism is much more stable under these conditions than the lactose metabolism. The question can now be asked why ...
... was lost when cells were grown without lactose over the same period of time. Even the rate of citrate uptake was unaltered after growth in the absence of citrate. Apparently, citrate metabolism is much more stable under these conditions than the lactose metabolism. The question can now be asked why ...
Characterization of two bacteriocins produced by Pediococcus
... Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from “Alheira” sausages that have been sampled from different regions in Portugal. The sausages were produced according to different recipes and with traditional starter cultures. Two isolates (HA-6111-2 and HA-5692-3) from different sausages were identified as str ...
... Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from “Alheira” sausages that have been sampled from different regions in Portugal. The sausages were produced according to different recipes and with traditional starter cultures. Two isolates (HA-6111-2 and HA-5692-3) from different sausages were identified as str ...
103 Rev Ex1 key Win06
... Unsaturated fatty acids have cis double bonds that make it hard for them to stack well together, while saturated fatty acids can stack closely together. So, the unsaturated fatty acids experience weaker intermolecular forces (dispersion forces) than the saturated fatty acids, making them liquid at r ...
... Unsaturated fatty acids have cis double bonds that make it hard for them to stack well together, while saturated fatty acids can stack closely together. So, the unsaturated fatty acids experience weaker intermolecular forces (dispersion forces) than the saturated fatty acids, making them liquid at r ...
Document
... results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e. one after the other. Providing isolation is the main goal of concurrency control. Depending on concurrency control method, the effects of an incomplete transaction might not even be visible to another trans ...
... results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e. one after the other. Providing isolation is the main goal of concurrency control. Depending on concurrency control method, the effects of an incomplete transaction might not even be visible to another trans ...
Protein-Reactive Natural Products
... laboratories are exploring biology with chemistry-based strategies that are capable of yielding insight into the role of individual proteins in complex biological systems. The field of chemical synthesis has often played a major role in this process, perhaps most visibly through facilitating the ide ...
... laboratories are exploring biology with chemistry-based strategies that are capable of yielding insight into the role of individual proteins in complex biological systems. The field of chemical synthesis has often played a major role in this process, perhaps most visibly through facilitating the ide ...
Characterization of NAD Salvage Pathways and their Role in
... versus S168 in N. mucosa) contained functionally similar side chains (–OH) and were not ...
... versus S168 in N. mucosa) contained functionally similar side chains (–OH) and were not ...
Serine racemase: a KEY PLAYER in NEURON activity and in
... Racemases are enzymes that reversibly convert L- to D-amino acids and have been identified in all species (1). Racemases described to date belong to two classes, pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP)-independent and PLPdependent. Serine racemase (SR, EC. 5.1.1.18) belongs to the latter and catalyzes the reve ...
... Racemases are enzymes that reversibly convert L- to D-amino acids and have been identified in all species (1). Racemases described to date belong to two classes, pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP)-independent and PLPdependent. Serine racemase (SR, EC. 5.1.1.18) belongs to the latter and catalyzes the reve ...
Science Course Outline Template
... environment, which they cause to become more disordered in consequence. They are essentially an ‘open’ chemical system existing in a steady-state condition and must therefore extract energy, generally as chemical fuel, from their surroundings. Viewed as a machine, they must obey the same thermodynam ...
... environment, which they cause to become more disordered in consequence. They are essentially an ‘open’ chemical system existing in a steady-state condition and must therefore extract energy, generally as chemical fuel, from their surroundings. Viewed as a machine, they must obey the same thermodynam ...
Disorders of Acid
... most important are carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is a weak acid derived from carbon dioxide (CO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3−), which is a weak base. The concentration of the H+ ion in body fluids is low compared with other ions. For example, the sodium ion (Na+) is present at a concentration approximatel ...
... most important are carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is a weak acid derived from carbon dioxide (CO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3−), which is a weak base. The concentration of the H+ ion in body fluids is low compared with other ions. For example, the sodium ion (Na+) is present at a concentration approximatel ...
Document
... – Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) and Country Mallow or Heartleaf (Sida cordofolia) – Present in “ephedra free” compounds ...
... – Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) and Country Mallow or Heartleaf (Sida cordofolia) – Present in “ephedra free” compounds ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Which of the following single
... Serum enzymes are elevated following tissue injury and death due to: A. enzyme induction secondary to stimulation of protein synthesizing machinery of the cell B. allosteric enzyme activation by positive activators C. increased cell membrane permeability and leakage of enzymes into blood D. proteoly ...
... Serum enzymes are elevated following tissue injury and death due to: A. enzyme induction secondary to stimulation of protein synthesizing machinery of the cell B. allosteric enzyme activation by positive activators C. increased cell membrane permeability and leakage of enzymes into blood D. proteoly ...
Wax ester fermentation and fatty acid biosynthesis in the facultatively
... nutrients such as glucose, undergo a series of transfers along the respiratory enzyme complexes. The electrons release energy by each transfer among the transport chain towards oxygen which serves as terminal electron acceptor. The energy released by the transfer among the transport chain, localized ...
... nutrients such as glucose, undergo a series of transfers along the respiratory enzyme complexes. The electrons release energy by each transfer among the transport chain towards oxygen which serves as terminal electron acceptor. The energy released by the transfer among the transport chain, localized ...
The Truth About Mineral Supplementation
... per gram of the salt) and lack of toxicity of the organic ligand. In Section 4 below we shall look at a new definition of "toxicity" in this connection. In any case, the orotates and perhaps the picolinates also may not be completely in the clear from the standpoint of even conventional definitions ...
... per gram of the salt) and lack of toxicity of the organic ligand. In Section 4 below we shall look at a new definition of "toxicity" in this connection. In any case, the orotates and perhaps the picolinates also may not be completely in the clear from the standpoint of even conventional definitions ...
Correlation between the respiration-driven Na+ pump
... Na+ for the active uptake of AIB. Indeed, the two Grampositive moderate halophiles that have no respirationdriven Na+ pump showed no requirement for Na+ for the active uptake of AIB. Thus, these moderate halophiles are unlikely to utilize ApNa+for the active uptake of AIB. Except for the concentrati ...
... Na+ for the active uptake of AIB. Indeed, the two Grampositive moderate halophiles that have no respirationdriven Na+ pump showed no requirement for Na+ for the active uptake of AIB. Thus, these moderate halophiles are unlikely to utilize ApNa+for the active uptake of AIB. Except for the concentrati ...
Role of the posterior vacuole in Spraguea lophii (Microsporidia
... slightly before or during spore discharge. The amount of oxygen generated was proportional to the level of spore firing and the amount of H2O2 substrate added to the medium containing primed spore material. In the absence of hydrogen peroxide, activated spores yielded no detectable oxygen and spore ...
... slightly before or during spore discharge. The amount of oxygen generated was proportional to the level of spore firing and the amount of H2O2 substrate added to the medium containing primed spore material. In the absence of hydrogen peroxide, activated spores yielded no detectable oxygen and spore ...
HORMONAL CONTROL OF GUMMOSIS IN Rosaceae
... However, gum production intensifies after treatment with ethylene or ethylene releasing compounds, infection, insect attack, mechanical damage, and environmental stress (Morrison and Polito, 1985). Gum duct formation is one of the processes involved in cell wall decomposition. This means that it is ...
... However, gum production intensifies after treatment with ethylene or ethylene releasing compounds, infection, insect attack, mechanical damage, and environmental stress (Morrison and Polito, 1985). Gum duct formation is one of the processes involved in cell wall decomposition. This means that it is ...
Fructose Intake from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
... of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). In New Zealand, sucrose from cane sugar is the main source of added sugar in processed foods. Along with free fructose in ripe fruit, sucrose is the main source of fructose in the New Zealand diet (1). HFCS is not widely used in New Zealand and is most commonly fo ...
... of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). In New Zealand, sucrose from cane sugar is the main source of added sugar in processed foods. Along with free fructose in ripe fruit, sucrose is the main source of fructose in the New Zealand diet (1). HFCS is not widely used in New Zealand and is most commonly fo ...
topological changes in the cyp3a4 active site probed with
... change in the P450 active site following interaction with CPR or b5 (Strobel et al., 1989; Schenkman and Jansson, 2003). To obtain experimental evidence for such structural changes, N-phenylprotoporphyrin IX regioisomers formed from reaction of phenyldiazene with the CYP3A4 wild type were determined ...
... change in the P450 active site following interaction with CPR or b5 (Strobel et al., 1989; Schenkman and Jansson, 2003). To obtain experimental evidence for such structural changes, N-phenylprotoporphyrin IX regioisomers formed from reaction of phenyldiazene with the CYP3A4 wild type were determined ...
Metabolism of bile acids
... a dozen different genes have been shown to be the molecular cause of ZS or the related disorders neonatal adrenoleucodystrophy and Refsum disease [22]. These genes encode proteins that are involved in transporting newly synthesized enzymes to peroxisomes or are essential for the formation of the per ...
... a dozen different genes have been shown to be the molecular cause of ZS or the related disorders neonatal adrenoleucodystrophy and Refsum disease [22]. These genes encode proteins that are involved in transporting newly synthesized enzymes to peroxisomes or are essential for the formation of the per ...
Hepoxilin
Hepoxilins (HxA3 and HxB3) are nonclassic eicosanoid hormones involved in inflammation.