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Transhumanism
... Although the various groups do not agree on every point (the American extropists in general are more libertarian and market-oriented than the European transhumanists) there is, nonetheless, a fairly stable core of ideas. The press release which the founders of Transcendo sent round the world when th ...
... Although the various groups do not agree on every point (the American extropists in general are more libertarian and market-oriented than the European transhumanists) there is, nonetheless, a fairly stable core of ideas. The press release which the founders of Transcendo sent round the world when th ...
What Evolution Is - Wesley Grove Chapel
... "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree. I believe this simile largely speaks the truth. The green and budding twigs may represent existing species; and those produced during each former year may represent the long succession of extinct spe ...
... "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree. I believe this simile largely speaks the truth. The green and budding twigs may represent existing species; and those produced during each former year may represent the long succession of extinct spe ...
Origin of Man
... TODAY’S OBJECTIVES Differentiate different ideas of man’s origin Why was Homo erectus so successful as an early hominid? Be able to briefly trace the cultural development of: • tools, fire, clothing, shelter, art ...
... TODAY’S OBJECTIVES Differentiate different ideas of man’s origin Why was Homo erectus so successful as an early hominid? Be able to briefly trace the cultural development of: • tools, fire, clothing, shelter, art ...
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: DEVELOPMENT
... cern, moreover, goes beyond “the ‘invention’ of Africanism as a scientific discipline” (9), particularly in anthropology and philosophy, in order to in vestigate the “amplification” by African scholars of the work of critical Euro pean thinkers, particularly Foucault and Lévi-Strauss. Although Mudim ...
... cern, moreover, goes beyond “the ‘invention’ of Africanism as a scientific discipline” (9), particularly in anthropology and philosophy, in order to in vestigate the “amplification” by African scholars of the work of critical Euro pean thinkers, particularly Foucault and Lévi-Strauss. Although Mudim ...
Evolution by Natural Selection
... Given this pattern of phenotypic variability, natural selection can take three forms (Figure 1.14). We will use the hypothetical color distribution in this figure to illustrate the three types of selection. Directional selection shifts the frequency curve away from the average by favoring individual ...
... Given this pattern of phenotypic variability, natural selection can take three forms (Figure 1.14). We will use the hypothetical color distribution in this figure to illustrate the three types of selection. Directional selection shifts the frequency curve away from the average by favoring individual ...
Министерство - Высшая школа экономики
... 19. Identify some of the key ways that sociology gives us insights that go beyond commonsense understanding. 20. What is meant by science and can sociology be a natural science? Explain why. 21. In what way is sociology different from the other social sciences? 22. In what way sociological explanati ...
... 19. Identify some of the key ways that sociology gives us insights that go beyond commonsense understanding. 20. What is meant by science and can sociology be a natural science? Explain why. 21. In what way is sociology different from the other social sciences? 22. In what way sociological explanati ...
The naturalist view of Universal Darwinism - UvA-DARE
... The controversies between Naturalists and Ultra-Darwinians originate in a debate about the nature of evolutionary change. Ever since Darwin, the orthodox view of evolution has been of a smooth and gradual process driven by the continuous accumulation of small changes at the level of the organism. Th ...
... The controversies between Naturalists and Ultra-Darwinians originate in a debate about the nature of evolutionary change. Ever since Darwin, the orthodox view of evolution has been of a smooth and gradual process driven by the continuous accumulation of small changes at the level of the organism. Th ...
Chapter 1 What is Biology? Worksheets
... Today, scientists accept the evolution of life on Earth as a fact. There is too much evidence supporting evolution to doubt it. However, that wasn’t always the case. Darwin and the Theory of Evolution The idea of evolution has been around for centuries. In fact, it goes all the way back to the ancie ...
... Today, scientists accept the evolution of life on Earth as a fact. There is too much evidence supporting evolution to doubt it. However, that wasn’t always the case. Darwin and the Theory of Evolution The idea of evolution has been around for centuries. In fact, it goes all the way back to the ancie ...
Standard B-5 - Wando High School
... B-5.1: Summarize the process of natural selection. B-5.2: Explain how genetic processes result in the continuity of life-forms over time. B-5.3: Explain how diversity within a species increases the chances of its survival. B-5.4: Explain how genetic variability and environmental factors lead to biol ...
... B-5.1: Summarize the process of natural selection. B-5.2: Explain how genetic processes result in the continuity of life-forms over time. B-5.3: Explain how diversity within a species increases the chances of its survival. B-5.4: Explain how genetic variability and environmental factors lead to biol ...
Sample Chapter - HSC Course Text
... it today had its beginnings in the mid to late 1700s, but it was not until the early 19th century that a mechanism for evolution that was worth serious consideration was proposed by Jean ...
... it today had its beginnings in the mid to late 1700s, but it was not until the early 19th century that a mechanism for evolution that was worth serious consideration was proposed by Jean ...
Patterns and Process
... Throughout the history of life, organisms have faced changing environments. Some species can adapt to new conditions and thrive. Other species fail to adapt and become extinct. The rates at which species appear, adapt, and become extinct vary among clades and from one geologic time to another. ...
... Throughout the history of life, organisms have faced changing environments. Some species can adapt to new conditions and thrive. Other species fail to adapt and become extinct. The rates at which species appear, adapt, and become extinct vary among clades and from one geologic time to another. ...
19_2 - Mater Academy of International Studies
... Throughout the history of life, organisms have faced changing environments. Some species can adapt to new conditions and thrive. Other species fail to adapt and become extinct. The rates at which species appear, adapt, and become extinct vary among clades and from one geologic time to another. ...
... Throughout the history of life, organisms have faced changing environments. Some species can adapt to new conditions and thrive. Other species fail to adapt and become extinct. The rates at which species appear, adapt, and become extinct vary among clades and from one geologic time to another. ...
Chance Variation and Evolutionary Contingency
... with differences in fortune, and therefore it is only fair that they be distributed by lot. So God designed the world with this sort of chance variation built-in (p. 520). Darwin, an admirer of Paley, also figured that variation was part of God’s plan. Toward the beginning of his “Transmutation of S ...
... with differences in fortune, and therefore it is only fair that they be distributed by lot. So God designed the world with this sort of chance variation built-in (p. 520). Darwin, an admirer of Paley, also figured that variation was part of God’s plan. Toward the beginning of his “Transmutation of S ...
Bowler, P. J., 2009. Darwin`s originality. Science 323:223-226.
... appreciate just how new and how radical it was at the time. Lamarck had proposed that there might be natural processes adapting species to changes in their environment. But Darwin was perhaps the first to realize that if adaptation to the local environment was the only mechanism of evolution, there ...
... appreciate just how new and how radical it was at the time. Lamarck had proposed that there might be natural processes adapting species to changes in their environment. But Darwin was perhaps the first to realize that if adaptation to the local environment was the only mechanism of evolution, there ...
Polemics and Synthesis: Ernst Mayr and Evolutionary Biology
... concepts and therefore not much original work itself. He brought his vast experience on bird systematics to bear on the field of systematics and was able to successfully couple it with the various species concepts available at that time. Perhaps one original contribution of Mayr in this regard was a ...
... concepts and therefore not much original work itself. He brought his vast experience on bird systematics to bear on the field of systematics and was able to successfully couple it with the various species concepts available at that time. Perhaps one original contribution of Mayr in this regard was a ...
Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics:
... This example illustrates how the number of possible arrangements increases as the differences between the left and right sides of the box becomes smaller, until eventually, the left and right sides equalize (equilibrium) and the number of possible arrangements reaches seventy (highly disorganized) ( ...
... This example illustrates how the number of possible arrangements increases as the differences between the left and right sides of the box becomes smaller, until eventually, the left and right sides equalize (equilibrium) and the number of possible arrangements reaches seventy (highly disorganized) ( ...
Symbiogenesis, natural selection, and the dynamic Earth
... (Fig. 2b) has been measured in the field and may be sufficiently strong enough to cause significant evolutionary change within a relatively short time period (in some case studies, less than one hundred generations, see Majerus 2009; Majerus and Mundy 2003). Moreover, Klingsolver and Pfennig (2007) ...
... (Fig. 2b) has been measured in the field and may be sufficiently strong enough to cause significant evolutionary change within a relatively short time period (in some case studies, less than one hundred generations, see Majerus 2009; Majerus and Mundy 2003). Moreover, Klingsolver and Pfennig (2007) ...
Museum Visitors` Understanding of Evolution
... earlier, to provide a framework for assessing visitors’ reasoning about evolution. In particular they were interested in the consistency of visitor responses across different organisms. This study shows how more in-depth research and analysis can provide specific information on visitor reasoning pat ...
... earlier, to provide a framework for assessing visitors’ reasoning about evolution. In particular they were interested in the consistency of visitor responses across different organisms. This study shows how more in-depth research and analysis can provide specific information on visitor reasoning pat ...
scientific realism
... the particular strategies they did given their preferences and constraints. Although you criticize the rationality assumption by arguing that it is unrealistic, I am only assuming that my actors behave as if they are rational.” • Inconsistent Claim 1b: “Using a number of admittedly unrealistic assum ...
... the particular strategies they did given their preferences and constraints. Although you criticize the rationality assumption by arguing that it is unrealistic, I am only assuming that my actors behave as if they are rational.” • Inconsistent Claim 1b: “Using a number of admittedly unrealistic assum ...
Mutual Aid Theory and Human Development
... The development of sociability through a process of natural selection Both Huxley and Kropotkin use Darwin’s theory of natural selection as a central theme in their arguments. It would be a mistake to assume that simply because Kropotkin does not reflect the more popular Malthusian based view of nat ...
... The development of sociability through a process of natural selection Both Huxley and Kropotkin use Darwin’s theory of natural selection as a central theme in their arguments. It would be a mistake to assume that simply because Kropotkin does not reflect the more popular Malthusian based view of nat ...
Meme (French mème, German Mem), a term coined by Richard
... it retains in (almost) all transmission steps; without it, it would cease to be funny and would not be passed on. A joke (or, more precisely, that part of its content that makes it funny) is a comparatively fit meme complex: even though in most transfers some amount of modification occurs, this vari ...
... it retains in (almost) all transmission steps; without it, it would cease to be funny and would not be passed on. A joke (or, more precisely, that part of its content that makes it funny) is a comparatively fit meme complex: even though in most transfers some amount of modification occurs, this vari ...
What is the Hegelian Dialectic?
... "People are living in a snarled-up subset of Marx's thinking, and do not know it. They twist logic to get to conclusions that will suit the current prejudices. They garnish it with a little Christianity or mysticism or whatever, though these play no important part in their world outlook." TRUTH OVER ...
... "People are living in a snarled-up subset of Marx's thinking, and do not know it. They twist logic to get to conclusions that will suit the current prejudices. They garnish it with a little Christianity or mysticism or whatever, though these play no important part in their world outlook." TRUTH OVER ...
The Theory of Evolution
... 7, trees that show how organisms are related 9. the earth is thought to be 4.5 __years old 10. the process by which new species are formed 12, industrial melanism was seen in this insect 13. type of bird on the galapagos islands 16, when a species dies out, it becomes ...
... 7, trees that show how organisms are related 9. the earth is thought to be 4.5 __years old 10. the process by which new species are formed 12, industrial melanism was seen in this insect 13. type of bird on the galapagos islands 16, when a species dies out, it becomes ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.