Download Anatomy - الجامعة الإسلامية بغزة

Islamic university
Faculty of medicine
‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬
‫الجامعة اإلسالمية‬
‫كلية الطب البشري‬
‫‪Dr. Sami Zaqout‬‬
Introduction
Descriptive Anatomic Terms
Anatomical Position
assumed to be standing,
the feet together, the arms
to the side, and the head
and eyes and palms of
the hands facing
forwards.
Note: in a normal relaxed position of the body, the
thumb points anteriorly. In anatomical parlance, the
thumb is a lateral structure, not an anterior one .
Terms of relation or position
FRONTAL or (CORONAL) separates the body
into Anterior and Posterior parts
MEDIAN or (MIDSAGITTAL) separates body
into Right and Left parts
HORIZONTAL separates the body into Superior
and Inferior parts
SAGITTAL or (PARAMEDIAN)any plane
parallel to the median plane
Terms of relation or position
Superior:( closer to the Inferior( closer to the
head(
feet)
reference point -- horizontal
plane
Terms of relation or position
Posterior (dorsal (
Anterior (ventral (
closer to the posterior
surface of the body(
closer to the anterior
surface of the body
reference point -- frontal or
coronal plane
Terms of relation or position
Medial (lying closer to Lateral) lying further
the midline(
away from the midline)
reference point -- sagittal plane
Terms of relation or position
Proximal )closer to
the origin of a structure(
Distal (further away
from the origin of a
structure(
reference point -- the origin of a
structure
Terms of relation or position
Superficial
Deep
reference point -- surface of body or organ
Terms of relation or position
Median
reference point -- along the midsagittal or median
plane
Intermediate
between two other structures
Terms of relation or position
External
Internal
refers to a hollow structure\ external being
outside and internal being inside
Terms of relation or position
Supine
Prone
face or palm up when lying on back, face or
palm down when lying on anterior surface of
body
Supine
Prone
Terms of relation or position
Ipsilateral
Cephalad
Contralateral
Caudad
Same side of body; opposite side of body
toward the head, toward the tail (feet (
Terms of movement
increasing angle with frontal plane ;
decreasing angle with frontal plane
Movement takes place in sagittal plane
flexion
extension
Lateral flexion
Movement of the trunk in the lateral position
Terms of movement
abduction
adduction
moving away from or toward the sagittal plane
Terms of movement
medial rotation lateral rotation
movement around an axis of a bone
Terms of movement
pronation
supination
placing palm backward or forward (in anatomical
position (
Terms of movement
circumduction
combined movements of flexion ,extension, abduction,
adduction medial and lateral rotation ,
circumscribe a cone
Terms of movement
opposition
bringing tips of fingers and thumb together
as in picking something up
Terms of movement
protraction
retraction
moving forward or backward along a surface
protraction
retraction
Terms of movement
Inversion
Eversion
Movement of foot so that the sole faces in
a medial direction or a lateral direction
Review
questions
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