Download Macromolecules and the Molecules of Life

Macromolecules
Standard
• SB1. Students will analyze the nature of the relationships
between structures and functions in living cells.
• b. Explain how enzymes function as catalysts
• c. Identify the function of the four major macromolecules
(i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids).
Essential Question
• What are macromolecules?
Macromolecules
• Macromolecules
• Made of CHNOP
• Large molecules formed by joining polymers
• Monomers
• The basic units that bond together to form molecules
essential to life
• Bond via condensation reaction
• Monomer + monomer = polymer + water
• Polymers
• Several monomers joined together
• Separate via Hydrolysis
• Breakdown of macromolecules
• EX: Digestion
• Requires water
What are the 4 major
macromolecules?
• Lipids
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids
• Purpose:
• Used in everyday life processes
• Make up vital molecules in our bodies
Lipids
• Carbon chains with hydrogen and oxygen
• Types
• Fats
• Oils
• waxes
• Two Groups
• Saturated
• No double bonds
• Unsaturated
• Double bonds between carbons present
Fatty Acid (Lipid) Tail
in the Phospholipid
found in cell
membranes
• Used in cell membrane and energy storage
Carbohydrates
• Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
• Used for energy storage and structural support
• 3 Types
• Monosaccharides
• simple sugars
• Glucose
• Disaccharides
• Two monosaccharides joined together
• Polysaccharides
• 3 or more monosaccharides
Proteins
• Carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen and nitrogen
• Serve as enzymes,
transport molecules,
used in movement and
structural support
• Made up of amino acids
• Ex: enzymes
Nucleic acids
• Carbon, oxygen, phosphate
group, nitrogen
• Types
• DNA
• RNA
• Carry codes that allow the cell
to function, keys to heredity
and cell division
Concept Map
1. Grab a WS from the front
-Fill in the chart and concept map
2. Then use the book and your notes to
create a flap foldable about
Macromolecules
-Paste, staple, or tape your foldable into
your notebook