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AP Biology Review Q: Biochem
v.1 Gather together all your notes and labwork and read them, highlighting the key concepts and
terms, and crossing out the extraneous content. Turn off your phone and music; commit to
staying in your chair and staying on task; do not interrupt your focus. Now rewrite all the
highlighted material in your own words, by writing short essays on each topic, or by creating an
outline of it all, or by creating a Cornell page per topic, with a summary at the end. Use other
resources to look up the material your notes are not clear on. Finally, read with a highlighter
again, but only highlight the stuff you do not have committed to memory. Review these
highlights repeatedly until you feel you know the material. Then try to answer the following
extemporaneously, referring to your rewritten notes only when you are stumped:
v.2
1. How is matter exchanged between organisms and the environment? Cite specific examples.
How are organisms ‘reservoirs’ of matter?
2. Explain electronegativity, polarity, covalent bonding, and hydrogen bonding in the context of
water. How do these lead to cohesion and adhesion?
3. Discuss transpiration in plants, in the context of the properties of water. What factors influence
the rate of transpiration, and in what way?
4. What is the inherent conflict in the need for plants to take in CO2 and conserve water?
5. Make a table listing the 4 matter cycles, with columns for the key reservoirs, form of matter per
reservoir, and the action that moves the matter between each pair of reservoirs.
6. List the bonds formed by molecules used by organisms. Which can hold a molecule together?
Which ionize in solution? Which yield polar molecules? Which from at bonds between molecules?
7. Summarize the basic design pattern(s) of the macromolecules. Lipids are an exception – explain.
8. Compare & contrast the synthesis and decomposition of biological macromolecules.
9. Make a table and distinguish between carbs, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids in terms of C
backbone, functional units, monomer, polymer. Use all the nomenclature (names). Be able to
recognize each.
10. What is the effect(s) of adding a functional group to a hydrocarbon? How does this increase the
‘value’ of the molecule to organisms?
11. List the functions of each type of macromolecule. What is the relationship between carbs and
lipids? Between proteins and nucleic acids?
12. Explain how the sequence of amino acids in a protein determines each level of that protein’s
structure.