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Ms. Shafai General Biology Study Guide List the characteristics of all plants. What are the four basic needs of plants? Why do plants need to do gas exchange? What does a stomata look like? What are guard cells and how are they related to stomata? When is the stomata of a plant usually open? What does it need to have enough of to stay open? What did the first land plants evolve from? What did plants have to do so they could live on land? What is vascular tissue? What is xylem? What is phloem? What does each transport? What direction does each transport its material in? What type of tissues are found in leaf veins? What type(s) of plant does not have xylem or phloem? What characteristics are typical of plants that do not have vascular tissue? What is contained in a seed? What is the purpose for each part of a seed? How many cotyledons does a monocot have? How many does a dicot have? A flowering plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season is called what? Be able to determine the source vs. sink in regards to plant transport. Define transpiration and how it brings water to the top of the plant. Seed plants are anchored in the ground by what? What is a taproot? What are fibrous roots? How does each grow in soil (i.e. in what direction)? Know what a monocot and dicot stem and root cross-section look like and how you would identify each. What do the vascular bundles look like in each? Define adhesion How do animals aid in the reproduction of seed plants? Know which parts of a flower are considered male, which parts are considered female, and which parts are sterile. What does pollen produce to move the sperm towards a flower’s ovary? Remember- fruit is a ripened ovary that contains the seeds. Angiosperms produce what inside the ovary? Define seed dormancy. What conditions help a seed to come out of its dormancy? Describe the effect of a forest fire on the dormancy of pine seeds and how it helps a forest recover after a fire. What are the three main organs of seed plants?
