Download Unit 5 Vocabulary #2

Unit 5 Vocabulary #2
AP World History
***No acronyms may be used on the quiz. You must write out the entire
phrase.
1. Government of India Act (1935) - Was the last pre-independence constitution of
the British Raj. It granted Indian provinces autonomy. Direct elections are introduced
for the first time. The right to vote was increased from seven million to thirty-five
million.
2. Great Leap Forward - The disastrous economic policy introduced by Mao
Zedong that proposed the implementation of small-scale industrial projects.
3. Guomindang (Kuomintang) - China’s Nationalist political party founded by Sun
Yat-sen in 1912 and based on democratic principles; in 1925, the party was taken
over by Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek), who made it into a more authoritarian party.
4. Iron Curtain - Term coined by Winston Churchill for the political barrier
isolating Soviet dominated Eastern Europe from Western Europe.
5. Korean Conflict - Conflict between Communist and non-Communist forces in
Korea from June 25, 1950, to July 27, 1953.
6. Kulaks - Russian peasants who became wealthy under Lenin’s New Economic
Policy.
7. Marshall Plan - A U.S. plan to support the recovery and reconstruction of
Western Europe after World War II.
8. May Fourth Movement - A 1919 protest in China against the Treaty of Versailles
and foreign influence.
9. New Economic Policy (NEP) - Lenin’s policy that allowed some private
ownership and limited foreign investment to revitalize the Soviet economy.
10. Nonalignment - The policy of some developing nations to refrain from aligning
with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
11. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - A defense alliance between
nations of Western Europe and North America formed in 1949.
12. Perestroika - A restructuring of the Soviet economy to allow some local decision
making.
13. Prague Spring - A 1968 program of reform to soften socialism in
Czechoslovakia; it resulted in the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
14. Purges - Joseph Stalin’s policy of exiling or killing millions of his opponents in
the Soviet Union.
15. Red Guard - A militia of young Chinese people organized to carry out Mao
Zedong’s Cultural Revolution.
16. Sandinistas - A left-wing group that overthrew the dictatorship of Nicaraguan
Anastacio Somoza in 1979.
17. Six-Day War - A brief war between Israel and a number of Arab states in 1967;
during this conflict Israel took over Jerusalem, the Golan Heights, the Sinai Peninsula,
and the West Bank.
18. Solidarity - A Polish trade union that began the nation’s protest against
communist rule.
19. Tiananmen Square - Beijing site of a 1989 student protest in favor of
democracy; the Chinese military killed a large number of protestors.
Unit 5 Vocabulary #2
AP World History
20. Truman Doctrine - A 1947 statement by U.S. President Truman that pledged aid
to any nation resisting communism.
21. Warsaw Pact - The 1955 agreement between the Soviet Union and the countries
of eastern Europe in response to NATO.
22. Al-Qaeda - A terrorist group based in Afghanistan in the late twentieth and early
twenty-first centuries.
23. Cartels - Unions of independent businesses in order to regulate production,
prices, and the marketing of goods.
24. International Monetary Fund - An international organization founded in 1944
to promote market economies and free trade.
25. Persian Gulf War - The 1991 war between Iraq and a U.S.
26. World Bank - An agency of the United Nations that offers loans to countries to
promote trade and economic development.
27. Euro - The standard currency introduced and adopted by the majority of
members of the European Union in January 2002.
28. European Economic Community (EEC or Common Market) - An economic
organization of European states set up by the Treaties of ROME in March 1957. Its
member states agreed to coordinate their economic policies, and to establish common
policies for agriculture, transport, the movement of capital and labor, the erection of
common external tariffs, and the ultimate establishment of political unification.
29. European Community - An organization of Western European countries, which
came into being in 1967 through the merger of the European Economic Community
(Common Market or EEC), European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and was committed to economic and
political integration as envisaged by the Treaties of Rome. It was superseded in 1993
by the EUROPEAN UNION.
30. Import Substitution Industrialization - An economic system that attempts to
strengthen a country’s industrial power by restricting foreign imports.
31. McDonaldization - Term used by sociologist George Ritzer in his book The
McDonaldization of Society (1995). He describes it as the process by which a society
takes on the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant (efficiency, calculability,
predictability, & control); extension of world trade to the Soviet Union.
32. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - An organization that
prohibits tariffs and other trade barriers between Mexico, the United States, and
Canada.
33. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) - Organization
formed in 1960 by oil-producing countries to regulate oil supplies and prices.
34. World Trade Organization (WTO) - An international organization begun in
1995 to promote and organize world trade.
* Spelling counts to some extent for each word.