Download Capítulo 4.1

Nombre __________________________ Español 3: El Paquete del capítulo 4.1
Las metas de aprendizaje (learning goals):
En esta lección podrás:
 Describir a la gente
 Decirles a los otros que hacer
 Expresar deseos
Podrás usar:
*subjunctive with ojalá and verbs or hope
*subjunctive with verbs of influence
* suffixes
Capítulo 4.1: “¿Quién te inspira?”
Describe People
sincero(a)
comportarse bien / mal
sobresaliente
la conducta
tímido(a)
destacarse por...
vanidoso(a)
idealizar (a alguien)
Professions
imitar
el (la) astronauta
personificar
el (la) científico(a)
representar
el (la) detective
Personal characteristics
el (la) electricista
atrevido(a)
el (la) empresario(a)
comprensivo(a)
el (la) entrenador(a)
considerado(a)
el (la) mecánico(a)
dedicado (a)
el (la) obrero(a)
desagradable
el (la) piloto
fiel
el (la) programador(a)
generoso(a)
el (la) trabajador(a) social
impaciente
ingenioso(a)
modesto(a)
orgulloso(a)
paciente
popular
presumido(a)
razonable
Tell Others What to Do
aconsejar que
dejar que
exigir que
mandar que
prohibir (í) que
sugerir (ie, i) que
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La Gramática: El Subjuntivo
¿Recuerdan las formas del subjuntivo de presente? There is a very important 3 step process:
1. ____________________
*Be careful of irregular yo forms
2. ____________________
*Be careful of stem changers (ar/er vs. ir)
3. ____________________
*Be careful of irregulars (DISHES)
Los usos del subjuntivo: The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is a ____________.
Tense refers to when an action takes place (past, present, future) while mood merely reflects
how the speaker feels about the action.
Every verb conjugation we have learned thus far have been in the ________________ mood.
Indicative mood=factual information, certainty and objectivity.
Subjunctive mood= uncertainty, doubt, and subjectivity. (I doubt that…, I want…, It’s
important that… etc.)
You rarely see the subjunctive being used in English but here are 2 examples:
*The doctor recommends that he take the pills with food.
*If I were a rich woman, I would have a nice car.
To help us remember, we use the acronym ________________to organize the rules for
when to use the subjunctive.
W: _____________________________
(4.1 pg 222)
E:
(4.2 pg 248)
_____________________________
D: _____________________________
(4.2 pg 243)
D:
_____________________________
(4.2 pg 243)
I:
_____________________________
(3.2 Pg 128/183)
N: _____________________________
(5.1 pg 282)
G: _____________________________
(4.1 pg 217)
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W: _________________________
When a verb expressing wish, will or want (some are listed below) is used with a
_______________________________, the subjunctive will be used in the 2nd clause (2nd
part of sentence). This is because although somebody wishes, wills or wants
someone to do something, it is not certain they will actually do it (subjunctive).
“Wish” Verbs:
Desear
Esperar
Querer
“Will/Want” Verbs:
Aconsejar
Dejar
Evitar
Exigir
Gustaría
Insistir en
Mandar
Necesitar
Pedir
Permitir
Preferir
Prohibir (Í)
Querer
Recomendar (e-ie)
Sugerir (e-ie)
“W” VERB + QUE + CHANGE OF SUBJECT + SUBJUNCTIVE
Ej: Yo quiero que Uds. hablen español. (Change of subject from yo to Uds.)
*What I want is certain, however, it is not certain that you will do what I want.
1st clause (before _______)
2nd clause (after _______)
Ella pide que ellos no salgan.
1st clause=indicative
2nd clause=subjunctive
**THERE HAS TO BE A ___________________________ (COS) TO USE THE
SUBJUNCTIVE WITH WISH, WILL, WANT CLAUSES!!!
If there is not a change of subject, typically the ________________ will be used
with the “W” verb. You have been doing this since Spanish 1.
Ejemplo:
Espero sacar buenas notas. (I hope to get good grades.)
Tú necesitas comportarte bien (You need to behave well.)
La Práctica:
1. Yo ____________ (querer) que tú ____________ (tomar) la aspirina.
I want you to take the aspirin. (It is certain I want it-indicative-but uncertain
if you will actually take it-subjunctive. Notice the change of subject!)
2. Me gustaría _____________ (ser) atrevido.
I would like to be daring.. (Be careful--is there a change of subject?)
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G: ________________
“G” is really the same rule as “W” but uses a new expression. If you use the expression
______________, you must use the subjunctive. Ojalá que literally means
“______________” but translates as “______________.”
Ojalá + que + subjunctive
Ejemplo:
Ojalá que yo me releje hoy. (I hope I can relax today.)
Ojalá que no llueva. (I hope it doesn’t rain.)
**Nota Gramátical**
Many of the Spanish adjectives can be changed to nouns by adding some common suffixes.
These suffixes (-cia, -ez, -dad, -ción) create feminine nouns.
Adjective
Paciente (patient)
Noun
La paciencia (patience)
Sincero (sincere)
La sinceridad (sincerity)
Tímido (shy)
La timidez (shyness)
Considerado (considerate)
La consideración (consideration)
Generoso (generous)
______________________
Dedicado (dedicated)
______________________
Popular (popular)
______________________
*Comprensivo (understanding)
*La comprensión (understanding)
*Modesto (modest)
*La modestia (modesty)
*Fiel (faithful)
*La fidelidad (faithfulness, loyalty)
*Vanidoso (vain)
*La vanidad (vanity)
Ejemplo: Norma es impaciente. Se destaca por su impaciencia.
Norma is impatient. She stands out for her impatience.
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