Download Now, to the topic of the day- Adverbial Clauses

Now, to the topic of the day- Adverbial
of this- adverbial clauses.
Clauses.
As always, we need to look at the meaning
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What's a clause? A group of words, containing a verb, that expresses an idea.
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What's an
verb).
adverb?
It tells how, when or why something is being done (when describing a
So, an adverbial clause is a group of words used to tell how, when or
why something is being done. The subjunctive is often found in
adverbial clauses, as you will soon see. These are always introduced
by certain conjunctions- trailer hitches used to join clauses. Up
until now we have been using "QUE" as our only trailer hitch. It's
time to look at some others.
We have seen in our study of the subjunctive so far that the subjunctive is used in dependent clauses
when something previously found in the sentence requires its use. In noun clauses we used the
subjunctive if the main clause verb or impersonal expression showed doubt, uncertainty, imposition of
will, opinion, etc. In adjective clauses we used it when the antecedent was indefinite or non-existent.
We will be using the subjunctive in adverbial clauses depending on the conjunction used to join the
main and subordinate (adverbial in this case) clauses. This can be tricky, so I've broken down the most
common conjunctions into three categories based on their uses. At first you will be required to
determine the mood of the verb based on the conjunction (subjunctive? indicative? maybe even
infinitive?), and so knowing in which group each conjunction belongs is important. Eventually you
will also have to create sentences using adverbial conjunctions. Buena suerte.
There will be a set of rules to follow regarding the usage of the subjunctive after certain conjunctions
in the adverbial clause. I've broken the conjunctions down into three sections- ESCAPA A,
CAMELoT, and HD3. This is not a totally new concept- it's how I learned them. Hopefully it
will work for you. But, before you dive into the notes, you should review what you already know
about the subjunctive. What is it? It's a mood. It expresses some feeling about the action- it doesn't
merely state that it happened (happens, will happen, etc.) Quite often it is a feeling of uncertainty or
doubt, ¿no? If you keep this in mind, the use of the subjunctive in adverbial clauses after certain
conjunctions may make sense. Then again, maybe not. If not, just remember the rules I give you.
As you do this, keep notes in your notebook, and answer these questions as you go.
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What is an adverbial clause?
What are the conjunctions in ESCAPA A?
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When do you use the subjunctive with ESCAPA A conjunctions? And the infinitive? And the
indicative?
What conjunctions are in CAMELoT?
When do you use the subjunctive with them? Infinitive? Indicative?
When do you use the subjunctive after "aunque"? Indicative?
What conjunctions are inb HD3?
When do they require the subjunctive? Indicative? Infinitive?
ESCAPA A
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En caso de (que) in case.......
Sin (que) without (that).......
Con tal (que) provided that, so that...................................
Antes de (que) before..........................
Para (que) in order that, so that..................
A menos (que) unless............
A fines de (que) so that.............
There are two things to remember with this
group:
o
If there is a "QUE", you must use
the subjunctive.
If there is no "QUE", you must use the
infinitive. (Without the "que" these are
prepositions and we know that
infinitives always follow prepositions.)
Never use the indicative after one of
these!
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Yo te digo para que puedas saber dónde estaremos. I'm telling you so that you
will know where we will be.
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Necesito la cuchilla para cortar el pan. I need the knife to cut the bread.
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Me afeito antes
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de ducharme. I shave before showering.
Me afeito antes de que salgas para las clases. I shave before you leave for
school.
No puedes sacar buenas notas sin estudiar.You can't get good grades without
studying.
No podemos sacar buenas notas sin que el maestro nos ayude. We can't get good
grades unless the teacher helps us.
Read on, or go do activities.
CAMELoT
Cuando when...
Aunque although...
Mientras while...
En cuanto as soon as...
Luego que as soon as...
o
Tan pronto como as soon as...
The rules to follow when in CAMELoT.
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If the event is going to take place in the future, or if
the event is uncertain or doubtful, the subjunctive
must be used.
If the event does happen, or did happen for that
matter, the indicative will be used.
You can never use the infinitive after these!!
Te llamaré en cuanto (tan pronto como, luego que) llegue al hotel. I'll call you as soon
as I arrive at the hotel. ( I haven't yet arrived.)
Ella siempre me llama en cuanto (tan pronto como, luego que) llega a casa. She always
calls me as soon as she gets home. (It's what happens.)
Empieza los deberes cuando llegues a casa. Start the homework when you get home.
(You aren't home yet.)
Empiezo los deberes cuando llego a casa. I start my homework when I get home. (It's
what happens)
Yo saldré mientras ella venga a casa. I'll leave when she is coming home.
Yo salgo mientras ella viene a casa. I go out while she is coming home.
AUNQUE
It may be followed by the indicative or the subjunctive, depending
on the meaning of the sentence.
No va aunque tenga el dinero. He's not going although he
may have the money. Maybe he does, maybe he doesn't.
No va aunque tiene el dinero. He's not going although he
does have the money. He does have it. See the difference?
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Know how to use AUNQUE. Because it is a "grey"
one- not black or white- it won't, or shouldn't- be on
any AP or SAT test.
Read on, or go do activities.
HD3
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Hasta (que) until...
Después de (que) after...
De modo (que) in such a way that...
De manera (que) in such a way that...
HD3 Rules
If there is no "QUE", use infinitive
If there is a "QUE", follow CAMELoT rules:
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If future or uncertainty is implied, use SUBJUNCTIVE.
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If the action is (or was) certain, use INDICATIVE.
Ellos van a trabajar hasta que tengan bastante dinero para salir. They are going to work
until they have enough money to leave.
Ellos trabajan hasta que el jefe les mandan salir. They work until the boss tells them to
leave.
Ellos trabajan hasta desplomarse. They work until passing out.
Me afeito después
de ducharme. I shave after showering.
Salgo para la escuela después de que mis hijos se depiertan. I leave for school after my
kids wake up.
Me acostaré después de que suenen las camapanas para el Año Nuevo. I'll go to bed
after the bells for the New Year ring.
Go do HD3 activities