Download Six Kingdoms of Living Things Teacher Notes

Six Kingdoms of Living Things: Notes
Kingdom is the highest rank used in the biological taxonomy of all organisms. There are 6 kingdoms in taxonomy. Every
living thing comes under one of these 6 kingdoms. The six kingdoms are Eubacteria, Archae, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and
Animalia.
History
Until the 20th century, most biologists considered all living things to be classifiable as either a plant or an animal. But in
the 1950s and 1960s, most biologists came to the realization that this system failed to accommodate the fungi, protists,
and bacteria.
By the 1970s, a system of Five Kingdoms had come to be accepted as the model by which all living things could be
classified.
At a more fundamental level, a distinction was made between the prokaryotic bacteria and the four eukaryotic kingdoms
(plants, animals, fungi, & protists).
The distinction recognizes the common traits that eukaryotic organisms share, such as nuclei, cytoskeletons, and internal
membranes.
Although many books and articles still refer to them as "Archaebacteria", that term has been abandoned because they
aren't bacteria -- they're Archaea.
http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/living_kingdom_classifications.htm Retrieved 4/30/14
Description
Archea
Eubacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Extreme salty water,
sewer, acid, thermal
Microspcopic
3.5 billion years old
No oxygen
Live Everywhere,
EXCEPT extreme
environments, including
on you.
Harmful and beneficial
Odds and ends kingdom
members are different
Fungi 'eat' by releasing
enzymes to break down
nutrients then absorb.
Fungi always live in and
on their food.
Photosynthesis
12 major groups or
Phyla
Classified by tissue,
seed and stature
Oxygen
Grow
Reproduce
Over 2 mill species
Ability to make food
Number of cells
Examples
Decomposers: Get
energy from other
organisms
Autotrophs: Make own
food from chemicals
Autotrophs
Some photosynthetic:
Some absorb food
Decomposers
Unicellular
Prokaryotes (simple
cells no nucleus)
Methanogens: Create
methane
Halophiles: High Salt
Thermophiles: Heat
Unicellular
Prokaryotes (simple
cells no nucleus)
E Coli
Salmonella
Some autotrophic
Some heterotrophic
Some animal like,
plant-like, fungi like.
Unicellular and Multi
cellular
All Eukaryote (Complex
with nucleus and
organelles)
Unicellular (yeast only)
Rest are multicellular
Paramecium
Absorptive
heterotrophs
All Eukaryote
Algae
Kelp
Mushrooms
Mold
Yeast
Mildew
Multicellular consists
Autotrophs
of complex cells.
Producer
Plants are autotrophs Eukaryote
Make their own food
Eelgrass
All Heterotrophs
Consumers:
Herbivores, omnivores
and carnivores
Seal otter
Chinook salmon
Geoduck
Bald Eagle
Multicellular
Eukaryote
Animalia
All animals are multicellular and Eukaryotes
All animals are consumers
Classification
Phylum
Cnidaria
(Coelenterata)
Invertebrate
No Backbone
32 Phylum
Description
Example
Aquatic
One opening for anus
and mouth
No brain or heart
Sea anemones
Coral
Jellyfish
Phylum
Annelida
Aquatic and
terrestrial
Segemented worms
Earthworm
Leech
Earthworm
Phylum
Arthropoda
Diverse
Exoskeleton
Segmented body
JointedAppendages
Centipedes, Spiders,
Scorpions, Insects
and Crustaceans.
Soft body
Most hard shell
No legs
Tentacles
Endoskeleton
No blood!
Tiny feet all over
Squids
Octopus
Snails
Slug
Starfish
No organs
Simplest animal
Sponges
Phylum
Mollusca
Phylum
Echinodermata
Phylum
Porifera
Classification
Class Amphibia
Class Aves
Class
Osteichthyes
Class
Reptilia
Class
Mammalia
Vertebrate
Backbone
Phylum: Chordata
Description
Example
Water/land
Cold-blooded
(ecto)
Metamorphosis
Breathes thru skin
Feathers, wings
hollow bones, eggs
Frogs
Salamanders
newts
Bony Fish 96%
Gills
Cold Blooded
(ecto)
Cold-blooded
(ecto)
Scales
Lungs for
breathing
Salmon
Shark
Trout
Warm-blooded
(endo)
Milk
Hair
Seal harbor
Human
Bear
Owl, Eagle, Osprey
Turtles
Lizards, snakes
Crocodiles