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Download Anatomy Basic Concepts - Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
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Anatomy Concepts Jeff Ericksen, MD Assistant Professor, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Objectives • Outline basic reference concepts in anatomy • Review nomenclature & terminology • Outline relationships of body regions • Introduce function terms, human biomechanics terms Human Anatomy: Many Levels to View • Cellular • Organ • Organ system • Region • Whole body Anatomy Levels • Cellular • Organ • Organ system • Regional • Whole body Anatomy Levels • Cellular • Organ • Organ system • Regional • Whole body Anatomy Levels • Cellular • Organ • Organ system • Regional • Whole body Anatomy Levels • Cellular • Organ • Organ system • Regional • Whole body The Human Body’s Jobs • Reproduction • Defense barrier – Skin & microbes – Bone, muscle and soft organs • Input/output – Oxygen & fuel consumption, hydration – Waste elimination The Human Body’s Jobs • Movement & biomechanics – Muscles, connective tissues, skeleton, skin • Art form? Anatomic Position: Standard Reference • Enables same perspective to view body in 3 dimensions Anatomy Standards • Planes of reference • Positional relationships • Movement definitions – Joint movements, limb movements, whole body movements Sagittal planes Coronal plane relationships Abduction Adduction Circumduction Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Inversion (supination) Eversion (pronation) Abduction Adduction Extension Flexion Body Regions To Study • • • • • Head & neck Torso Upper limb Pelvis Lower limb Structural Concepts • Biologic design consists of balance between tension and compression structural elements in viruses, cells, organs and whole animals. – Tensegrity = tension integrity – Buckminster Fuller & geodesic domes. Musculoskeletal System • Tensile elements = muscles, ligaments, tendons, joint capsules, menisci, and fascia. • Compression elements = bones. Tensegrity Allows Torque Reduction
