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Download Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis
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Transcript
Anaerobic Respiration Stages: 1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation yeast AP Biology 2006-2007 Anaerobic Respiration Cellular Respiration (harvesting ATP from glucose) in the absence of Oxygen. 1. Bacteria that live in oxygen-free places 2. Some organisms that are exposed to oxygen, but switch to fermentation when oxygen is scarce. AP Biology Glycolysis Convert: glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvate (3C) produces: 4 ATP & 2 NADH uses: 2 ATP net yield: 2 ATP & 2 NADH AP Biology 2 2 ATP Pyruvate is a branching point Pyruvate O2 O2 fermentation anaerobic respiration mitochondria Krebs cycle aerobic respiration AP Biology FERMENTATION Fermentation does not yield any more ATP than the tiny amount supplied by Glycolysis It simply regenerates NAD, to refuel Glycolysis. 1. This is plenty of ATP for small anaerobic organisms 2. Not enough for large, multi-celled organisms AP Biology Lactate Fermentation -Occurs in some bacteria AND animals for a quick fix of ATP -Regenerates 2 NAD -Produces 2 Lactates (Lactic Acids) pyruvate lactic acid AP Biology 3C NADH 3C NAD+ back to glycolysis Alcoholic Fermentation -Occurs in bacteria, some plants, AND some fungi (like yeast) for a quick fix of ATP -Regenerates 2 NAD pyruvate ethanol + CO2 3C AP Biology NADH 2C NAD+ -Produces 2 Ethanol (Alcohol) and 2 Carbon Dioxides 1C back to glycolysis