Download Cholera - KingsfieldBiology

Cholera
E - State how cholera causes pathology
C - Describe special features of a bacterial
cell
A - Explain how they are related to
function
Cholera
•Vibrio cholerae
•Rod-shaped bacteria
•Transmitted in contaminated water
•Causes severe diarrhoea and dehydration.
Water drawn out
through osmosis
(upto 6l a day)
causing severe
dehydration.
Water tainted with
V. Cholerae is
ingested, usually
through water
contaminated with
effluent
Produce flagellin to
produce flagellum
to move through
mucus of small
intestine.
Cholera
Cause Cl- ions to be pumped
into the small intestine
lumen and Na+ ion channels
to be blocked.
Creates highly
hypertonic solution
in the gut lumen
Bacteria go into
hibernation to
survive stomach
acid
Finally shock is caused about
12 hours after first
symptoms shown with death
with 18 hours
Prokaryote
(bacterial)
Cell membrane
made of
phospholipids
Membrane bound
organelles such as
mitochondria
Free ribosomes
No membrane bound
Pilli
Eukaryote (Animal
or plant)
DNA super coiled into
chromosomes and stored in
a nucleus
DNA on a simple circular
plasmid
Cell membrane
made of
Cell wall made of
phospholipids
cellulose
Ribosomes attached to the
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Flagellum
Cell wall including
peptidoglycan
Prokaryote
(bacterial)
Free ribosomes
No membrane bound
organelles
Pilli
Flagellum
DNA on a simple circular
plasmid
Cell wall including
peptidoglycan
Cell membrane
made of
phospholipids
Eukaryote (Animal
or plant)
Ribosomes attached to the
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Membrane bound
organelles such as
mitochondria
DNA super coiled into
chromosomes and stored in
a nucleus
Cell wall made of
cellulose
Cell membrane
made of
phospholipids
Adaptations
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Facilitate attachment
Aid motility (movement)
Allows bacteria to be killed more easily by stopping
synthesis of specific parts of their cell wall.
Have only simple protein synthesis
Essential to control flow of substances in and out of
the cell.
Allow swapping of DNA easily allowing bacteria to
be responsive to their environment.
Simple processes need only simple enzymic control
Eukaryote (Animal
or plant)
Prokaryote
(bacterial)
Treatment
•SLGT1 protein
•Na+/K+ pump
•Hyperosmotic to
lumen
•Osmosis