Download Neuro Anatomy Lec.8 د.عبد الجبار الحبي طي The lateral ventricle

Neuro Anatomy
‫عبد اجلبار احلبيـطي‬.‫د‬
Lec.8
The lateral ventricle: Is the cavity inside each cerebral hemisphere, it consists of a central part
or body (in the parietal lobe) and 3 horns; anterior, posterior & inferior
horns. The lateral ventricles communicate with the 3rd ventricle via
interventricular foramen (of monro).
The anterior horn: - passes forward into the frontal lobe just in front of the
level of foramen of monro and has the following boundaries: -
I-
Roof by the most anterior part of body of corpus callosum & is limited
by the genue.
II- Floor by the rostrum of corpus callosum, & head of caudate nucleus
mainly in addition the paraterminal gyrus cam share in the floor.
III- Medial wall by septum pellucidum.
The central part (body): - extends from interventricular foramen anteriorly to
the splenium posteriorly & is the cavity of parietal lobe, it has following
boundaries: -
I-
Roof is by the under surface of the body of corpus callosum.
II- Medial wall by septum pellucidum & body of the fornix.
III- Floor by the following from lateral to medial: i-
Body of caudate nucleus.
ii-
Thalamostriate vein & stria terminalis (in the groove between the
caudate nucleus & thalamus).
iii- A strip of the superior surface of thalamus.
iv- Tella choroidea & choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle.
v-
Body of the fornix.
 In the floor is part of the choroid fissure.
Neuro Anatomy -9 & 10-
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The posterior horn: - starts at the splenium as an extension of the central part
of lateral ventricle into the occipital lobe, it has the following boundaries:
I-
Roof & lateral wall: - mainly by the tapetum & partly by the optic
radiation.
II- The medial wall shows two elevations: i-
Superior one is The Bulb of the posterior horn is caused by the
splenial fibers of corpus callosum (forceps major) passing
posteriorly into the occipital lobe.
ii-
Inferior swelling is called Calcar avis is produced by the calcarine
sulcus.
The inferior horn: - is the continuation of the posterior horn into the temporal
lobe, it is bounded as follows:
I-
Roof by: -
i-
Tapetum of the corpus callosum.
ii-
Tail of caudate nucleus ends into the amygdaloid nucleus.
iii- Stria terminalis ends into the amygdaloid nucleus.
II- Floor is formed by:
i-
Collateral eminence produced by the collateral sulcus.
ii-
Hippocampus & pes hippocampus.
iii- Alveus & fimbria of the hippocampus where it continue as posterior
column of fornix.
The choroid fissure: - is the slit like gap between the body of the fornix &
superior surface of the thalamus which is situated in the floor of the
central part of the lateral ventricle (through which the tella choroidea
projects). It is completed by the temporal part of the fissure between the
stria terminalis & the fimbria of the hippocampus (In this temporal part of
the fissure) the lower part of the choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
invaginate.
The choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle receives its blood supply from: 1- Anterior choroidal artery which is a branch from internal carotid or
middle cerebral artery.
Neuro Anatomy -9 & 10-
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2- Posterior choroidal artery which is a branch from the posterior
cerebral artery.
Tella choroidea & choroid plexus: The tella choroidea consists of a core of blood vessel (choroidal artery)
surrounded by 2 layers of pia matter to invaginate itself into the
ventricles.
Choroid plexus: - Is the invaginated tella choroidea with the epindymal
lining of the ventricle. Therefore choroid plexus consists of: 1- Vascular core.
2- Two layers of pia.
3- Ependymal layer.
The 4th ventricle: Is the cavity of the hind brain encloses between the dorsal surface of pons,
upper medulla & the cerebellum, continuous above with 3rd ventricle via
cerebral aquiduct & inferiorly lead to the central canal of the spinal cord
bounded as: -
I-
Floor (Anterior wall): - by the dorsal surface of the pons & upper half
of the medulla oblongata.
II- posterior wall (roof) as follows: i- Upper 1/2 by superior medullary velum stretches between the 2
superior cerebellar peduncles, the lingula & lateral lemniscus.
ii- Lower 1/2 by inferior medullary velum stretches between the 2
inferior cerebellar peduncles.
III- Lateral boundary on each side by superior cerebellar peduncle above &
inferior cerebellar peduncle below and on each side.
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The Third Ventricle: Is a relatively slit like gap between the 2 halves of the Diencephalon, it is
also called the Diencephalon cavity, which splits the Diencephalon into 2
halves connected together a cross the cavity by the interthalamic
connecter. The third ventricle receives the 2 lateral ventricles above at the
interventricular foramen of (monro) and inferiorly communicates with the
4th ventricle via the cerebral aquiduct of sylivius (of mid brain).it has the
following boundaries: -
I-
Roof: - Is formed by 2 structures, Tella choroidea medially & a strip of
superior surface of thalamus laterally.
II-
Floor: - by hypothalamic structures that form the contents of
interpeduncular fossa includes optic chiasma, median eminence, tuber
cinerium, infundibulum & posterior perforated substance.
III- Anterior wall: - by lamina terminalis, anterior column of fornix & optic
chiasma.
IV- Posterior wall: - Is formed by the posterior commissure (guarding the
cerebral aquiduct), pineal recess & habenular commissure.
V-
Lateral wall on each side: - by the medial surface of thalamus &
hypothalamus, separated by hypothalamic sulcus. The 2 lateral wall are
connected together a cross the cavity by interthalamic connecter.
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