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TSM102: POSTERIOR LEG AND FOOT JOINTS 11/12/08 LEARNING OUTCOMES Recognise the location and contents of the posterior compartment of the leg The posterior compartment of the leg is the largest of the three and has superficial and deep layers: o Superficial layer – all insert onto the calcaneus posteriorly (i.e. back of the heel) Gastrocnemius – most superficial and largest; two heads from femoral condyles Plantaris – small muscle belly from lateral femoral supracondylar line; long tendon Soleus – deepest; large and flat; from soleal line of tibia and fibular head o Deep layer – proximally contains part of popliteus (see TSM97 - The Knee Joint) Flexor hallicus longus – most lateral; from mid-fibula to distal phalanx of 1st digit Flexor digitorum longus – from proximal tibia to distal phalanges of 2nd to 4th digits Tibialis posterior – deepest; from interosseous membrane to navicular tuberosity o All of the posterior compartment muscles are supplied by the tibial nerve (branch of sciatic) Explain the anatomical basis of inversion/eversion movements of the foot Synovial joints between the tarsal bones facilitate inversion and eversion of the foot: o Subtalar joint – between lateral talus and medial calcaneus o Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCN) – medially The spring ligament is broad and joins navicular to calcaneus beneath the talus The bifurcate ligament joins lateral calcaneus to navicular and cuboid