Download Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery for Cancer Current Technologies

Nanotechnology in Drug
Delivery for Cancer
Current Technologies
The next generation of cancer treatments
Introduction
There are several different methods of
delivering drugs in a nanotherapeutic
fashion. The next few slides will outline
the methods that are currently being
explored.
Polymeric Nanoparticles
(polymer-drug conjugates)
Prepared by either dissolving, entrapping, or
conjugating a drug to a polymer.
Disadvantages:
Advantages:
-Time and expensive
- water soluble
equipment is required to
- biodegradable
assemble these particles
- nontoxic
- can specifically target
cancer cells
- long shelf life
- stable during storage
Polymeric Micelles
Amphiphilic block copolymers that self assemble to form a
micelle with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell
Drugs can be attached to
the shell or encapsulated
within the core
Advantages:
- can carry water-insoluble
drugs
- biocompatible
- biodegradable
- Easily modified and
functionalized
Disadvantages:
-More difficult to selectively target
cancer cells
-Optimal concentration must first be
determined for micelle formation
Dendrimers
Hyperbranched synthetic polymers
Advantages
- easy to functionalize due to
structure
- Molecular weight and size
can be controlled
- degradation can be
controlled
- Biocompatible
- Withstands physiological
conditions
- Can selectively target cancer
cells
Disadvantages
-difficult to synthesize large
quantities pure enough for
clinical trials
Liposomes
Self assembling structures composed of lipid bilayers
Advantages:
- amphiphilic
- biocompatible
- easily modified and
functionalized
- can selectively target
cancer cells
- Can carry both lipid
and water soluble
drugs
Disadvantages:
-Rapidly cleared from circulation
due to primary uptake by the liver
Carbon Nanotubes
Benzene rings assembled into carbon cylinders
Advantages:
-Water soluble
-biocompatible
-multifunctional
Disadvantages
-Scientists don’t fully
understand how they
work
-they are expensive to
produce and would be
expensive to implement
Viral Nanoparticles
Self assembled protein cages
Advantages
-Surface can be modified via
bioconjugation or mutagenesis
-can usually selectively target
tumors
-Biologically compatible
Disadvantages
-they could target healthy
cells and cause
complications
-could cause harmful
mutations to DNA
-could cause inflammation or
immune reaction
Conclusion
There are several promising methods of delivery for
chemotherapeutic drugs including polymeric
nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, dendrimers,
liposomes, viral nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes.
Each method has advantages and disadvantages, but
most advantages are shared between several methods,
therefore more exploration is needed to determine the
most effective means of drug delivery for each specific
type of drug. For more information and news you can
visit http://nano.cancer.gov/ .
The more methods we explore and determine viable,
the more patients we can reach…
Review Note
The audience of this PowerPoint is specifically those entering into
nanotechnology research for chemotherapeutic drug delivery. When first
entering the field, it is important to note which technologies are currently
being worked on, as well as the advantages and disadvantages that have
been associated with each method of drug delivery. This initial information
can assist researchers in determining what type of vehicle they would like
to explore for experimentation to potentially create a usable method of
delivering a certain chemotherepeutic drug. This PowerPoint would be
encountered on an informative website on an introductory page, as more
information regarding these technologies should be obtained before
conducting further research with one of these methods. I designed the
PowerPoint in a simplistic fashion because it is rather technical and I did
not want the main points to get lost behind fancy fonts or designs. I
included pictures of each type of nano-carrier so that the audience could
not only get a verbal understanding of what each molecule is capable of,
but also a visual to strengthen the understanding. The colors I used are
meant to compliment each other while allowing certain features to stand
out. They also go well with the green and black colors in the logo for the
Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer. This document will fit well in my
final portfolio because it connects directly to my main topic of research and
outlines many important details while still functioning as an overview.
References
Medina, S. H., University of Michican Department of Biomedical Engineering, (May 4, 2009).
Dendrimers as Carriers for Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents. Retrieved July 26, 2013 ,
from: http://www.bme.umich.edu/labs/centlab/documents/pub14.pdf
Noble, M. L. (Researcher). [Image of a targeted polymeric micelle] . (2004). Retrieved July 26, 2013,
from: http://www.uweb.engr.washington.edu/research/tutorials/drugdelivery.html
Nanopharmaceuticals.org, (2006). Polymeric NanoPharmaceuticals. Retrieved July 26, 2013 from:
http://www.nanopharmaceuticals.org/Polymeric_nanoparticles.html
National Cancer Institute. Gener Therapy for Cancer: Questions and Answers. Retrieved July 26,
2013, from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/gene
Office of Cancer Nanotechnology research Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives, National
Cancer Institute, (November 2010). Cancer Nanotechnology Plan. Retrieved July 26, 2013,
from: http://nano.cancer.gov/about/plan/\
[Cropped image of a polymeric nanoparticle] . (2007). Retrieved July 26, 2013, from:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1078143907000920
[Image of a dendrimer]. (2006). Retrieved July 26, 2013, from:
http://www.nanopharmaceuticals.org/Dendrimers.html
[Image of a drug delivering liposome]. (2013). Retrieved July 26, 2013, from:
http://www.nanosight.com/applications/biological-virology-vaccine/drug-delivery
[Image of drug delivering carbon nanotubes]. (2011). Retreived July 26, 2013, from:
http://www.netl.doe.gov/newsroom/netlog/oct2011/netlog_oct11.html
[Image of a viral nanoparticle]. Retrieved July 26, 2013, from:http://www.beltina.org/healthdictionary/virus-infection-definition-what-is-immune-system.html
[NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer logo]. Retrieved August 1, 2013, from:
http://nano.cancer.gov/