Download 13-3 Cell Transformation

13-3 Cell Transformation
Interactive pgs. 329
What is Transformation?
 Transformation = cell takes in DNA from outside
the cell
 The external DNA becomes a component of the cell’s
DNA
Transforming Bacteria
 Bacteria contain plasmids,
which are circular DNA
molecules.
 Has DNA sequence that helps
promote replication
 Has genetic marker, which
shows if the bacteria has the
foreign DNA or not
 Ex: Antibiotic resistance
Transforming Plant Cells
 Bacterial plasmids can be used to transform plant
cells.
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens
 Type of bacteria that inserts a plasmid into plant cells
and grows tumors.
 The tumor-producing gene can be removed and
replaced with recombinant DNA.
 If transformation is successful the recombinant
DNA is integrated into one of the chromosomes of the
cell.
Transforming Animal Cells
 DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an egg
cell.
 Foreign DNA is inserted into the chromosomes of the
injected cell.
 Recombinant DNA carries genetic markers.
 Possible to “knock-out” genes
 Recombinant DNA with matching flanking sequences
will “knock-out” or replace the target gene.