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Homeostasis and Behavior
stimulus - anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism.
response - an organisms reaction to a stimulus.
homeostasis – maintaining a stable balance in the body.
Organisms’ bodies constantly respond to stimuli to maintain homeostasis.
All organisms are able to detect changes in and around them and to respond to
them.
external stimulus – stimulus coming from outside an organism.
internal stimulus – a stimulus coming from inside an organism.
When a stimulus is detected, the nervous system gathers the information.
Then it decides how to respond
quick – nerve impulses
slow - hormones
taxis – an animal’s movement toward or away from a stimulus.
tropism – an plant’s movement toward or away from a stimulus.
To maintain homeostasis, organisms must constantly respond to external and
internal stimuli.
behavior - set of actions taken by an organism in response to a stimulus.
Many animals must decide to fight or flee when in danger.
living organisms must have a food source and a place to live.
migration – mass movement of a species toward resources like food, water or
warmer temperatures.
hibernation – deep sleep during which an animal slows all of its body processes
to save energy.
estivation – deep sleep during hot temperatures which an animal slows all of
its body processes to save energy.
food storage – plants can store food in bulbs or tubers (onions and potatoes).
dormancy – plant temporarily stops growing. Some also shed leaves.