Download Urinary System Lab 2014 Answers

Urinary System Lab
EXAMINATION OF THE KIDNEY
Qualitative Examination
Use p. 444-447 to assist with the answering of these questions.
a) The area where the blood vessels and the ureter enter and/or leave the kidney is
called the Hilum. How may blood vessels are located at the hilum? Name them.
(2)
Two – Renal Artery and Renal Vein
b) How many ureters are there? Where does the ureter exit from the kidney? (2)
Two – exit from renal pelvis region
c) Carefully bisect the kidney longitudinally so the cut passes through the centre of
the hilum. Name and locate i) renal cortex, ii) renal medulla, iii) renal pelvis
Please refer to p. 467 of your textbook for an effective diagram of how to
cut your kidney.
d) The medullary portion of the kidney is composed of wedge-shaped structures
called renal pyramids. What structures are located in them? p. 446 (1)
Nephrons
e) Label your diagrams of the urinary system. You can use your textbook and the
models in the classroom to assist you. Be sure to know all definitions of
structures as illustrated on p. 446 of your textbook.
f) Does any fluid appear from the kidney when you squeeze it? What type of fluid
would this be in a fresh kidney? (1)
Urine
g) From the darkened colour of the kidney, it is evident how much blood flow enters
the kidney. What is the primary purpose of the blood entering the kidney? Based
upon the primary purpose mentioned, account for the lack of “red” in the fluid
produced by the kidney. (2)
So the blood can get filtered and rid itself of waste. No red blood cells
must enter into urine
Analysis and Discussion
1) Create note (using a style of your choice) overviewing the following:
a) Define: Excretion
b) Summarize a primary goal of the excretory system.
c) Overview four functions of the excretory system.
See section 10.1 – the ideas are directly out of the reading
2) Urea, uric acid, and ammonia are all wastes secreted by terrestrial and aquatic
organisms.
I)
What type of waste is this? What macromolecules are broken
down to produce these wastes? (2)
Nitrogenous – Proteins or Nucleic acid breakdown since they
consist of amino groups (nitrogen)
II)
What are the primary waste forms that you secrete of this type?
Urea, a little uric acid
III)
What are some of the health issues if specific types of waste build
up in the human body? (2)
If uric acid builds up in the joints it can lead to gout
IV)
What is the primary waste secreted by Fish? How about lizards, not
too mention the birds? (3)
Fish – ammonia Lizard, Birds – Uric acid (precipitates out of
solution so appears whitish
V)
What organ is responsible for forming your waste of this type?
What reaction takes place? Why is this reaction a necessity for
more complex organisms? (3)
Liver – It takes 2 groups of ammonia and reacts it with carbon
dioxide to form urea. This would appear to be a more efficient
way to get rid of waste products (2 ammonias and 1 carbon
dioxide for every urea molecule
Answer questions p. 448, #4, 5, 9, 10