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1.4.1: Draw a diagram of the fluid mosaic model: • Show bilayer, cholesterol, glycoprotein, integral and peripheral proteins. Peripheral hydrophilic Hydrophobic proteins are on the outside layer… just draw one… (Integral protein) hydrophilic 1.4.2: Label the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions and explain how phospholipids maintain the structure of cell membranes. Phospholipids have a polar ‘head’ (phosphate group) and a non-polar hydrocarbon chain. Polar likes water and is near the water. The nonpolar lipid chains stay together away from the water. 6 Name A, B, C, D, E A E B C D D 7 What is A = Glycoprotein B = Cholesterol C = Peripheral protein D = Integral or trans-membrane E = Glycolipid? 16 Part A Part B Which is hydrophobic? Which is hydrophilic? 17 Part A is hydrophilic and polar Part B is hydrophobic and non-polar 18 Name 4 functions of membrane proteins. 19 What is •hormone binding (allows hormones to bind) •Enzyme action (Really CAUSES a reaction! Like in addiction, when a drug binds to a membrane protein, it causes an enzyme reaction within the cell –neuron.) •Channels or openings for facilitated diffusion •Anchoring •Active transport –use ATP to get material into or out of the cell.. 20 Integral proteins have to be hydrophobic in the areas of the membrane that are hydrophobic and hydrophilic in the areas of the membrane that are hydrophilic. What part of the amino acid (in the chain of amino acids that make a protein) is able to change to be polar or nonpolar? 21 What is the ‘R’ group? Glycoproteins and glycolipids are used in cell recognition. Movement into the membrane: Gasses move easily… charged things or things that are large? Nope… Carrier proteins can move charged or big things into the cell! If moving the item requires energy it is called active transport. If it doesn’t require energy it is called facilitated diffusion. ??? Question! • When does the cell use active transport? Used to stockpile something • When does the cell use facilitated diffusion? – When we want to let something slide on through… Why do we ever want to put a bunch of ions on one side of a membrane? Well, we can force them through one special membrane protein and make ATP in chemiosmosis…We will cover chemiosmosis later… (chemical osmosis.) Endocytosis (‘Enter cell’) and Exocytosis (‘Exit cell’) Exocytosis! (Pretty dang cool.) Phagocytosis: endocytosis where the membrane wraps around the desired material and ‘eats’ it. Phago=eat Phagocytosis pictures Pinocytosis: endocytosis where the cell ‘drinks’. Pino=drink Pinocytosis = Cell drink Cotransport proteins: