Download Unit 3: Mental Illness and Disorders

Unit 3: Mental Illness and
Disorders
Hockett Fall 2015
Unit Overview
Section 1 - Types of Mental Illness and Disorders
Section 2 - What Causes Mental Illness?
Section 3 - Understanding and Preventing Suicide
Section 4 - Getting Help for Mental Illness and Disorders
Unit Vocabulary
antisocial personality disorder
cognitive distortions
survivors
anxiety disorder
concussion
antidepressants
bipolar disorder
genetic predisposition
antipsychotics
borderline personality disorder
traumatic brain injury
family therapy
major depression
suicide cluster
stigma
mental illness
suicide contagion
panic attacks
schizophrenia
Section 1 Objectives
Define the terms mental illness and mental disorders;
Describe types of anxiety disorders;
Differentiate between depression and major depression;
Identify other types of mental illnesses and disorders; and
Recognize symptoms for different types of mental illness and disorders
Section 1 Vocabulary
antisocial personality disorder
anxiety disorder
bipolar disorder
borderline personality disorder
major depression
mental illness
panic attacks
schizophrenia
What do these people have in common?
Stigma - is a negative and often unfair
beliefs, about mental illness and disorders can
cause people with these conditions to not seek
help.
-Deny problem, feel shame and embarrassment
-feel as if they will lose on a opportunity, job
scholarship, leadership role, because of their condition.
Defining Mental Illness and Disorders
Mental illness - is a medical condition that is characterized by a mental or emotional
problem so severe that it interferes with daily functioning.
Example: Fear of being in public space. - not going to school, work, or to visit
family/friends.
Illness or. disorder = interchangeable, both refer to serious mental health conditions
involving thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
Anxiety
Everybody experiences a anxiety in some situations.
Common signs include- increased heart rate, rapid breathing, sweaty palms, and
upset stomach.
Anxiety Disorder - a mental illness characterized by extreme or unrealistic worries
about daily events, experienced , or objects.
Types of Anxiety
Panic Disorder/ Attacks = episodes of intense fear that something bad is going to
happen. They also include severe physical symptoms like heart palpitations and
nausea.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder = have a pattern of constantly worrying about many
different activities and events, even when these worries are not based in reality.
Phobias = have extreme anxiety caused by specific objects or situations.
common phobias
non common phobias
Social Anxiety = have a strong fear of being judged by other people of feeling
embarrassed. .
Types of Anxiety Continued
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) - people who have persistent and obsessive
thoughts or feelings that they manage by engaging in ritualized behavior.
Post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - People who live through a terrifying event
involving physical harm or the threat of harm, war, natural disaster. Experience when
they are not in any danger.
Depression
Think of a time when you experienced intense, short-term
sadness. How did you manage those feelings? What helped
alleviate them?
Hockett - Anxiety and Depression Handout
Depression
Every person has gone or will go through feelings of hopelessness, loneliness, and
inability to care about anything.
Major life event - death of a family member… loss of a job… divorce or family…
2 weeks or more depending on the situation should be aware of major
depression/clinical
Major Depression - a mental illness characterized by intense and ongoing negative
feelings. Hopelessness, sadness, or loneliness.
Causes of Depression
Family history
Trauma and stress
Pessimistic personality
Physical conditions
Depression Continued Stop!
Symptoms include…
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a decrease interest in previously enjoyed activities
extreme tiredness and loss of energy
difficult sleeping
difficulty concentrating
irritability, anger and hostility
recurrent thoughts of death
The key difference between depressed moods and serious clinical depression is the length of
symptoms.
Depression Continued
What is the Relationship between
Drug use and depression?
Depression and recreational drug use are both
common and can occur together purely by chance
as individual problems.
Depression and drug use
More often, however, there is an
interaction between the two and this
can take several forms:
Depression and Drug use
a person may be suffering from depressive symptoms and take drugs in the hope of gaining
some relief.
a person may take drugs to 'escape' from a problem during a particularly stressful time in
their life; this stress may also be the trigger for an episode of depression.
A person taking recreational drugs is likely to have more of these pressures, which may
trigger depression.
people who are depressed may use recreational drugs in an attempt to end their life.
Other Types Of Mental Disorders
Bipolar
Addictions
Schizophrenia
Self-Injury
Personality Disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorder
ADD/ADHD
Eating Disorders
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar Disorder - a mental illness characterized by intense periods of depression
closely followed by extreme manic feelings.
Manic … mentally and physically hyperactive moods.
During the depression phase… major depression symptoms can occur.
During the manic mood… poor judgment, little need of sleep, lack of self control…
binge drinking/ eating, drug use, sexual behavior or out of control spending.
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - a mental illness characterized by delusions,hallucinations, and
irregular though patterns.
Plotting against them.
Threatened against them.
OR... inappropriate emotional reactions such as laughing when then hear somebody
has died.
Personality Disorder
Show consistent inappropriate behavior.
Antisocial Personality Disorder - a common mental illness characterized by disregard
for social rules, a tendency for impulsive behavior, and indifference toward other
people.
The person disregards social rules and obligations, is irritable and aggressive, acts impulsively, lacks guilt,
and fails to learn from experience.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism spectrum disorder complex mental disorders.
People with ASD typically have a problem with normal interpersonal interactions.
Difficulty communicating and understanding other people's point of views.
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have difficulty making eye contact
fail to respond to verbal attempts
engage in repetitive motions or unusual behaviors
have a strong preference for a familiar routine.
fail to appropriately use gestures
ADD/ADHD
Attention Deficit Disorder & Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder.
People with ADD have difficulty paying attention.
People with ADHD tend to act impulsively and behave hyperactivity.
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having difficulty focusing or sitting still.
being quickly bored with task and activities.
having difficulty organizing and completing task.
having difficulty listening to and following instructions.
talking non stop or being in constant motion
blurting out inappropriate comments without awareness of the impact of the
behavior on others.
Eating Disorders
Anorexia nervosa - an eating disorder in which a person has intense fear of gaining
weight, eats too little, and loses far more weight than is healthy for his or her height.
Bulimia nervosa -an eating disorder in which a person has recurrent episodes of binge
eating followed by purging.
Binge eating disorder - an eating disorder in which a person repeatedly consumes
huge amounts of food in a short amount of time.
Addiction
Sometimes people are addicted to a particular substance.
- Alcohol, nicotine, or other drugs.
Sometimes to a particular behavior.
- Gambling or using social media.
Alcohol and drug addiction also increases the risk of developing certain types of
mental disorders.
- Depression, anxiety, and paranoia.
Self injury
Self -injury occurs when people intentionally harm themselves.
- Self mutilation or cutting. (most common)
- burning, drinking harmful substances…(bleach).
It's not a mental disorder… its addiction.
Shows links to depression and borderline personality disorder.
Self injury occurs because people are unable to effectively manage or control their
emotions.
Antisocial PD vs Borderline PD
The person disregards social rules and obligations, is irritable and aggressive, acts impulsively, lacks guilt,
and fails to learn from experience.
There is a pattern of intense but unstable relationships, emotional instability, outbursts of anger and
violence (especially in response to criticism), and impulsive behaviour. Suicidal threats and acts of
self-harm are common, for which reason many people with borderline PD frequently come to medical
attention.
Borderline PD was so called because it was thought to lie on the ‘borderline’ between neurotic (anxiety)
disorders and psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Unit Questions
1. Why are the terms mental illness and mental disorders often used
interchangeably?
2. List 5 types of anxiety disorders.
3. Which mental disorder involves periods of intense depression that alter with
periods of manic moods?
4. Which two mental disorders are most commonly diagnosed in children and
adolescents?
Answers for Unit Questions
1. Both refer to serious mental health conditions involving thoughts,feelings, or
behaviors.
2. panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, obsessive compulsive
disorder, post traumatic stress disorder.
3. bipolar disorder.
4. attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit disorder (ADHD).